Part 3 A Society of Diversity

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Part 3 A Society of Diversity
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• The United States has welcomed more immigrants
  than any other country -- more than 50 million in
  all -- and still admits almost 700,000 persons a
  year.

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• This is the secret of America a nation of
  people with the fresh memory of old traditions
  who dare to explore new frontiers...."
• Every American who ever lived was either an
  immigrant himself or a descendant of immigrants.
• -- President John F. Kennedy

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NATIVE AMERICANS

• The first American immigrants
• The territorial wars / Old World diseases
• Massachusetts, Ohio, Michigan, Mississippi,
  Missouri, and Idaho
• corn, tomatoes, potatoes,
• tobacco / Canoes, snowshoes,
• and moccasins

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THE GOLDEN DOOR

• "Europe, and not England, is the parent country
  of America."
• -Thomas Paine
• 1790 1840 lt1 million
• 1840 1860 gt4 million
• Europeans
• (Irish, German, Jews )
• 1880 1920 23.5 million

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UNWILLING IMMIGRANTS

• 1619 1808 500,000
• 1861 the American Civil War / the Emancipation
  Proclamation
• segregation and inferior education
• The Civil Rights Movement 1955-1965

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• "I have a dream that one day on the red hills of
  Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of
  former slaveholders will be able to sit down
  together at the table of brotherhood....I have a
  dream that my four little children will one day
  live in a nation where they will not be judged by
  the color of their skin, but by the content of
  their character."
• Dr. Martin Luther King
• http//www.lucidcafe.com/library/96jan/king.html

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LANGUAGE AND NATIONALITY

• In 1950 fewer than 4 million U.S. residents were
  from Spanish-speaking countries. Today that
  number is about 27 million.

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LIMITS ON NEWCOMERS

• 1924 the Johnson-Reed Immigration Act
• immigration patterns reflected the existing
  immigrant population (mostly Europeans and North
  Americans)
• laws specifically excluded Asian immigrants
• Today Asian Americans

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A NEW SYSTEM

• 1965 granted immigrant visas according to who
  applied first
• 1978 established a worldwide ceiling, opening the
  doors even wider.

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ILLEGAL IMMIGRANTS

• 5 million in the U.S. without permission
• growing by about 275,000/year.
• "illegal aliens"

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• An elevated train passes over demonstrators
  Monday, May 1, 2006, in downtown Chicago,
  Illinois. Police estimated more than 300,000
  people participated in the rally, one of the
  country's largest, as part of "A Day Without
  Immigrants." Immigrants and their supporters
  left work and skipped school Monday to
  participate in rallies across the country to show
  the economic power of immigrants and oppose
  tougher immigration laws.

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THE LEGACY

• "a society of immigrants, each of whom had begun
  life anew, on an equal footing. This is the
  secret of America a nation of people with the
  fresh memory of old traditions who dare to
  explore new frontiers...."
• -- President John F. Kennedy