Sprawling Cities and TransporT From Evaluation to Recommendations

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Sprawling Cities and TransporTFrom Evaluation to
Recommendations
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Why investigate sprawl?
Urban sprawl is increasingly becoming a problem
in European cities. It induces high level of car
use and, usually, congestion on roads giving
access to city centres. It also represents a
threat to the achievement of urban sustainability
goals

1. Environmental low density cities use more
   energy, consume more land (ecological footprint)
2. Equity sprawl is a factor of social segregation
3. Economy sprawl imposes hidden costs to
   individuals and not so hidden costs to local
   governments

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SCATTER
The SCATTER project is funded by the European
Commission under the Energy, Environment and
Sustainable Development Programme of the 5th
Framework Programme, Key Action 4 City of
Tomorrow and Cultural Heritage It aims at
improving the understanding of the mechanisms of
urban sprawl and its impacts through both
qualitative and quantitative analysis. Its
purpose is to support the design of accompanying
policy measures to prevent, mitigate or control
urban sprawl. Members of CASA involved Mike
Batty, Nancy Chin and Elena Besussi
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Cities involved
SCATTER examines sprawl from a theoretical
perspective and through case studies. 6 European
cities are involved Bristol, Brussels, Helsinki,
Milan, Rennes, Stuttgart
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Cities involved
SCATTER examines sprawl from a theoretical
perspective and through case studies. 6 European
cities are involved Bristol, Brussels, Helsinki,
Milan, Rennes, Stuttgart
Bristol
Brussels
Helsinki
Milan
Rennes
Stuttgart
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Research structure (1/4)
SCATTER has a life span of 4 years (2001-2004)
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Research structure (2/4)
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Research structure (3/4)
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Research structure (4/4)
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Statistical analysis
Two different zoning systems 1. subdivision of
the case study area into three macro-zones urban
centre, outer urban ring, hinterland 2. spatial
breakdown of the case study area into L spatially
disaggregated zones
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Statistical analysis

• Time-series data for
• Population
• Employment
• Commuters
• Commuting trips length
• Aggregate land use data
• Income
• House or land prices

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Statistical analysis

• Indicators
• Densities and growth rates
• Deviation from average densities and growth

Distribution of the temporal mean growth rate
(population)
Change in pop. density 1971-1981
Change in pop. 1971-1981
Distribution of the temporal mean growth rate
(employment)
Change in pop. 1981-1991
Change in pop. density 1981-1991
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Visit the SCATTER website for updates http//www.c
asa.ucl.ac.uk/scatter