Deborah Estrin

1
Center for Embedded Networked SensingUpdate,
October 2004

• Deborah Estrin
• http//cens.ucla.edu/Estrin
• destrin_at_cs.ucla.edu
• Work summarized here is largely that of students,
  staff, and other faculty at CENS
• We gratefully acknowledge the support of our
  sponsors, including the National Science
  Foundation, Intel Corporation, Sun Inc., Crossbow
  Inc., and the participating campuses.

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Embedded Networked Sensing

• Micro-sensors, on-board processing, wireless
  interfaces feasible at very small scale--can
  monitor phenomena up close
• Enables spatially and temporally dense
  environmental monitoring
• Embedded Networked Sensing will reveal
  previously unobservable phenomena

Contaminant Transport
Ecosystems, Biocomplexity
Marine Microorganisms
Seismic Structure Response
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IT Challenges Software and Algorithms

• Technology Research
• Self configuring systems for autonomy in
  dynamic, irregular environments
• In Network Collaborative signal processing and
  Event Detection for Scaling in time and space
• Exploiting System Ecology, Infrastructure,
  Mobility
• Data fusion for tasking and interpretation
  multi-mode, multi-scale

Technologies
EmStar
TinyOS
NIMS
Target Apps
Seismic detection, analysis arrays, e.g. CENS
Seismic Array
Seismic
Habitat investigation, e.g NIMS (Networked
Info- Mechanical Systems)
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CENS Research Organization Road Map
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CENS Science Application System Drivers

• Biology/Biocomplexity(Hamilton, Rundel)
• Robust, extensible microclimate monitoring
• Image and acoustic sensing
• Infrastructure based mobility
• Contaminant Transport (Harmon)
• Three dimensional soil monitoring
• Error resiliency at node and system level
• Data assimilation, model development
• Seismic monitoring(Davis, Wallace)
• Wide area, high bandwidth wireless arrays
• Reliable data delivery
• Time synchronization
• Marine microorganisms (Caron, Requicha, Sukhatme)
• Aquatic operation
• Micro-organism identification

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Embedded Mote-based Imaging (Cycl o ps)

• Inference in optical domain
• CMOS technology Low power ( capture lt 40mA)
• Cyclops is not imager but rather a sensor
• Small picture size Target below 256256
• Example Applications
• Color estimation Monitor triggering,
  Agriculture, Motion detection, Security
• Low power, long term image archival phonology
• Platform
• Atmega128 8bit RISC PROCESSOR
• 512 KByte of Flash for local File system
• 512 KByte RAM Enough room for heavier computation
• Software and algorithm innovations
• in-network processing of images for event
  detection
• Limited resources, but in limited context

Mohammad Rahimi
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System Ecology Including Mobility

• Spatially distributed static nodes
• Allows simultaneous sampling across study volume
  (dense in time, but possibly sparse in space)
• Limited energy and sampling rate
• Articulated Nodes
• Provide greater functionality for sensors,
  communications
• Nodes with infrastructure-based mobility
  Networked Info-Mechanical Systems (NIMS)
• Sensor diversity location, type, duration
• Allows dense sampling across transect (dense
  spatially, but possibly sparse in time)
• Adaptive provision of resources (sensors, energy,
  communication)
• Enable adaptive, fidelity-driven, 3-D sampling
  and sample collection

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ENS Vision will depend uponHeterogeneous systems
and In-network processing

• Several classes of systems
• Mote herds Scale
• Collaborative processing arrays Sampling rate
• Networked Info-Mechanical Systems Autonomy
• Achieve longevity/autonomy, scalability,
  functionality with
• heterogeneous systems
• in-network processing, triggering, actuation
• Algorithm/Software challenges
• Characterizing and adapting to sensing
  uncertainty
• Achieving error resiliency, integrity
• Establishing statistical and information-theoretic
  foundations for adaptive sampling, fusion
• Developing programming abstractions, Common
  services, tools

lifetime/autonomy
Mote Clusters
Infrastructure- based mobility(NIMS)
scale
Collaborative processing arrays (imaging,
acoustics)
sampling rate
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Application-Driven, not Application-SpecificComm
on system services
Localization Time Synchronization
Calibration
In Network Processing
Programming Model
Routing and Transport
Event Detection

• Needed Reusable, Modular, Flexible,
  Well-characterized Services/Tools
• Routing and Reliable transport
• Time synchronization, Localization, Calibration,
  Energy Harvesting
• In Network Processing (compression, triggering),
  Tasking, Fault detection
• Programming abstractions, tools
• Development, simulation, testing, debugging

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NEON
NEON will transform ecological research by
enabling studies on major environmental
challenges at regional to continental scales.
Scientists and engineers will use NEON to conduct
real-time ecological studies spanning all levels
of biological organization and temporal and
geographical scales.

• Biogeochemical cycles
• Biodiversity ecosystem functioning
• Climate change
• Freshwater resources
• (especially linkage to land)
• Infectious diseases
• Land use change
• Land use change and
• Material flux or processing

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CLEANER California regional effort

• A multiscale approach - San Joaquin River Basin
  Water quality observation and forecasting--Sierra
  snowpack to San Franciso Bay
• Harmon, Estrin, Kaiser, Traina, Bales
• Academics UC Merced, UCLA, UCD, UCR, Caltech
• Govt Agencies LLNL, LBNL, USBR, USGS, NPS, CA DWR

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Key Accomplishments

• Internal Organization
• Diversity and Education area growth
• UC Merced partnership (Harmon)
• NIMS Project
• Education
• Very successful undergraduate summer research
  program
• 7-12 inquiry pilot testing
• Gender-Diversity program

• Multi-disciplinary research objectives
• Cross-disciplinary teams deploying real
  systems--Impossible without STC infrastructure
• Investigation of fundamental questions across our
  domains
• New areas of investigation
• Statistics, Data fusion (Hansen)
• Programming languages (Kohler)
• ELSI-ipercs effort (Cuff)

• Technology development
• Emstar continued maturity
• Stargate platform support
• Nitrate Sensor, LC development
• NIMS Lab system
• Testbed deployment
• NIMS prototypeWind River and JR
• Factor building data capture
• JR CMS, Phenology, ESS
• Contaminant deployment--Palmdale
• Marine lab facility
• Marine field experiments-3-mike

• Community/External visibility
• Co-Founded and hosted ACM Sensys 2004
• Co-Founded ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks
• Hosting IPSN 2005
• Soils workshop, JR Spring 2004
• Active in NEON, CLEANER planning
• Advisory to NSF CISE, ENG, ERE, and NRC panels
• Pottie-Kaiser, Cambridge Univ Press, Spring 2005

13

• Principles of Embedded Networked Systems Design
• Gregory J. Pottie and William J. Kaiser
• Electrical Engineering Department
• University of California, Los Angeles

Cambridge University Press Spring,
2005 Preprints in use at Yale, UMass Amherst,
UCLA EE, UCLA CS
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Undergraduate Research Program
The CENS program went beyond the expected gave
me more learning experiences than anticipated.
Undergraduate Scholar
Originally, I really only considered a masters
program, but seeing the doctoral program and
hearing about it from lab members definitely
generated greater interest on my part to engage
in a similar atmosphere in the future.Undergradu
ate Scholar If mentoring an intern makes up
their mind to attend graduate school or increase
their interest, then mentoring is worth
it.Graduate Student Mentor

• 45 undergraduates participated in CENS research
  this summer
• 26 were women
• 26 were minorities
• Awarded NSF Gender Diversity
• in
• STEM Education grant

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Broad Relevance to Global Issues
Security
Theatre, Film, Television
Precision Agriculture
Global Climate Change
Public Health
Water Quality
Coral Reef
Global Seismic Grids/Facilities
Early Warning, Crisis Response
Programming
Adaptive Sampling
NIMS
Embedded Imaging
Tools
High Integrity Systems
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Strong Institutional Support

• Generous Matching funds from VCR and HS-SEAS
• Active encouragement and support of
  multi-disciplinary, campus-wide activities
• HS-SEAS loan for building shell (6000 square
  feet)

• Currently seeking donor for shell and
  furnishings
• Excellent naming opportunity

New CENS Building Spring 2005