Americas Rise to World Leadership 19291945

1
Americas Rise to World Leadership1929-1945
Chapter 25
2
Foreign Policy

• Kellogg- Briand Pact
• Washington Naval Conference
• Dawes Plan
• Good Neighbor Policy
• Protest events, but little else

3
Depression Global Impact
4
War in Europe Timeline1929-1934
1929 Oct 29 - Stock Market on Wall Street
crashes. 1930 Sept 14 - Germans elect Nazis
making them the 2nd largest political party in
Germany. 1933 Jan 30 -Adolf Hitler becomes
Chancellor of Germany. March 23 -Enabling Act
gives Hitler dictatorial power. July 14 - Nazi
party declared only party in Germany. Oct 14 -
Germany quits the League of Nations. 1934 Aug 19
-Adolf Hitler becomes Führer of Germany.
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Timeline1935-1936
1935 March 16 - Hitler violates the Treaty of
Versailles by introducing military conscription.
Sept 15 -German Jews stripped of rights by
Nuremberg Race Laws. 1936. March 7 - German
troops occupy the Rhineland. May 9 - Mussolini's
Italian forces take Ethiopia. July 18 - Civil
war erupts in Spain. Aug 1 - Olympic games begin
in Berlin. Oct 1 - Franco declared head of
Spanish State.
http//www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/timeline/thr
eat.htm
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Timeline1937-1938
1937 June 11 - Soviet leader Stalin begins a
purge of Red Army generals. 1938 March 12/13
-Germany announces Anschluss (union) with
Austria. Aug 12 - German military mobilizes.
Sept 30 - British Prime Minister Chamberlain
appeases Hitler at Munich. Oct 15 -German troops
occupy the Sudetenland Czech government
resigns. Nov 9/10 -Kristallnacht - The Night of
Broken Glass.
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Timeline1939
Jan 30, 1939 -Hitler threatens Jews during
Reichstag speech. March 15/16 - Nazis take
Czechoslovakia. March 28, 1939 - Spanish Civil
war ends. May 22, 1939 - Nazis sign 'Pact of
Steel' with Italy. Aug 23, 1939 -Nazis and
Soviets sign Pact. Aug 25, 1939 - Britain and
Poland sign a Mutual Assistance Treaty. Aug 31,
1939 - British fleet mobilizes Civilian
evacuations begin from London.
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Timeline1939
Sept 1, 1939 - Nazis invade Poland. Sept 3, 1939
- Britain, France, Australia and New Zealand
declare war on Germany. Sept 4, 1939 - British
Royal Air Force attacks the German Navy. Sept 5,
1939 - United States proclaims neutrality German
troops cross the Vistula River in Poland. Sept
10, 1939 - Canada declares war on Germany Battle
of the Atlantic begins.
9
Back Home

• Pressures on neutrality again
• Neutrality Act 1935
• Neutrality Act 1937
• Neutrality Act 1939
• Lend-lease Bill 1941

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Atlantic CharterAugust 14, 1941

• Renounce territorial gains after the war
• Oppose territorial changes contrary to wishes of
  people
• Support for right of people to choose own form of
  government
• Cooperative efforts to improve economic and
  social security of people worldwide
• Freedom from want and fear
• Freedom of the seas
• Disarm aggressor nations before a permanent peace
  structure

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German and Italian Conquest
12
Japanese Expansion
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Atlantic Charter Affirmed

• January 1, 1942
• Twenty-six nations affirm the Atlantic Charter
• Full military and economic resources against Axis
• No separate armistice or peace treaty
• U.S. Great Britain, Soviet Union,China among the
  26

14
Relocation

• February 19, 1942 - Executive Order
• Excluded from West Coast
• 125,000 Japanese-Americans
• Nisei- 75 of total
• Issei

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Assembly Centers and Camps
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Relocation Camps
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Managing The War

• Office of Price Administration - fix prices on
  all non-farm commodities
• Control rents in defense areas
• War Production Board - mobilize resources
• Halted non-essential residential and highway
  construction
• Managed rationing program

18
Managing The War

• War Labor Board - settle disputes through
  mediation and arbitration
• Office of War Mobilization - unify federal
  agencies producing or distributing civilian
  supplies

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Changing Consumption

• Increasing production of synthetic rubber, manage
  oil and coal production
• Rationing
• Began December 27, 1941

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World War Posters
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Women in Industry
22
Women
23
African-Americans

• African-Americans
• New migration to West Coast
• A. Phillip Randolph
• Fair Employment Practices Commission

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African-Americans

• Double V
• Tuskegee Airman - 99th Pursuit Squadron
• Brig. Gen. Benjamin O. Davis
• Congress of Racial Equality

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Fighting Anyway

• February 1943
• Loyalty questions
• 442 Regimental Combat Team
• Go for Broke

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Code Talkers

• Navajo words into English, and then used the
  first letter of each English word to decipher
  the meaning.
• For example, for the letter "A," the Code Talker
  could use "wol-la-chee" (ant), "be-la-sana,"
  (apple), or "tse-nill" (ax). 
• America was "Ne-he-mah" (Our mother).  Submarine
  became "besh-lo" (iron fish).

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Zoot Suit Riot

• June 3, 1943, eleven sailors stated attacked by
  Mexican pachucos.
• More than 200 uniformed sailors charged into
  East Los Angeles.
• June 4 and 5 soldiers joined sailors
• Nine sailors were arrested, none charged with any
  crime.
• 600 Mexican-Americans taken into custody
• June 7 city off limits
• http//entertainment.msn.com/Album/?album345698

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North Africa
29
Defeat of the Third Reich
30
Defeating the Japanese
31
Cost of War
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Yalta ConferenceFebruary 1945

• Territory given to Soviet Union
• Russia enter war against Japan
• Eastern Poland given to Soviet Union
• Poland to get territory from Germany
• Unconditional surrender
• Free elections

33
Potsdam Conference

• July - August 1945
• Unconditional surrender for Japan
• Plan for occupation and control of Germany
• Outline of trial of war criminals

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Summary

• Similar to World War I U.S. neutral
• Total war
• Mobilized home front
• Converted industries
• Plans for world body
• Decision time for U.S. in world

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World War II Posters
http//www.nebraskahistory.org/sites/norris/morein
fo.htm
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ions/wwii-posters/img/ww0207-63.jpg
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ions/wwii-posters/img/ww1645-33.jpg
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ions/wwii-posters/img/ww1646-26.jpg
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ions/wwii-posters/img/ww1645-73.jpg
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ions/wwii-posters/img/ww1645-36.jpg
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  ww.cr.nps.gov/nr/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/18arizona/18a
  rizona.htmhttp//www.nps.gov/usar/http//www.c
  r.nps.gov/nr/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/18arizona/18visua
  l4.htmhttp//www.cr.nps.gov/nr/twhp/wwwlps/lesso
  ns/18arizona/18visual4.htm