Wide Area Augmentation System WAAS

1
Wide Area Augmentation System (WAAS)
Presentation GNSS 2.2

• Hank Cabler, FAA
• Co-Chairman,
• Satellite Operational Implementation Team (SOIT)

2
WAAS Architecture

• All Elements in Place
• SIS Available for Non-Safety Uses Since August
  2000

3
WAAS Status

• Two INMARSAT Geostationary Satellites Leased
• FAA Lease Is For Communications Transponder on
  Commercial Satellite
• AOR-W (Covers Eastern CONUS to Rocky Mountain
  Area)
• POR (Covers Western CONUS, Alaska, Hawaii)
• Hardware Communications Installation Completed
  and Tested
• 25 WAAS Reference Stations (WRS)
• 2 WAAS Master Stations (WMS)
• 2 INMARSAT Satellites
• 4 GEO Uplink Systems (GUS)
• Terrestrial Communications Network
• Software Development, Integration and Testing
  Completed
• Meets or Exceeds Accuracy and Availability
  Requirements

Jan 97
Jun 98
Nov 99
4
WAAS StatusINMARSAT-3 Coverage Area
POR (180º W)
AOR-West (54º W)
5
WAAS Status
Communication Satellite
Auburn (ZSE)
Brewster GES
Billings (BIL)
Farmington (ZMP)
GPS Satellite
Nashua (ZBW)
Oberlin (ZOB)
Salt Lake City (ZLC)
Ronkonkoma (ZNY)
Aurora (ZAU)
Clarksburg GES
Longmont (ZDV)
Fremont (ZOA)
Leesburg (ZDC)
Olathe (ZKC)
Santa Paula GES (2)
Memphis (ZME)
Albuquerque (ZAB)
Palmdale (ZLA)
Key
Fort Worth (ZFW)
Hampton (ZTL)
Phase 1 WRS Phase 1 WMS/WRS Phase 1 GES WMS
Wide-area Master Station WRS Wide-area Reference
Station GES Ground Earth Station
Anchorage (ZAN)
Jacksonville (ZJX)
Houston (ZHU)
Juneau (JNU)
Miami (ZMA)
Cold Bay (CDB)
San Juan (ZSU)
Honolulu (HNL)
6
WAAS Status
Dec 99

• FAA Determined WAAS Did Not Meet 10-7 Requirement
• In-Sufficient Analytical Proof
• Integrity Verification Prevents IFR Aviation Use
• Integrity Requirement Only Affects IFR Aviation
  Users
• FAA Forms WAAS Integrity/Performance Panel (WIPP)
• Redesign Integrity Monitors And Revise System
  Safety Analysis To Insure Certification Approval
• FAA Announcement that WAAS Signal-In-Space (SIS)
  Is Available To Public For Non-Safety
  Applications
• WAAS Operating 24/7 For Non-IFR Aviation and
  Other Users
• Demonstrated Performance Better Than
  Specification
• Since Aug 00, SIS Available 99.99
• Nominal Accuracy 1 Meter Horizontal, 2 Meters
  Vertical

Jan 00
Aug 00
7
Current WAAS Use

• Agricultural
• Marine
• Outdoors
• Surveying
• World Trade Center

8
WAAS DevelopmentInitial IFR

• Plan Is To Complete Development Of Integrity
  Monitors and Complete System Testing For
  Acceptance By FAA In CY 03
• Goal is Acceptance Of System From Prime
  Contractor (Raytheon) In Mar 03 And
• FAA Commissioning Of System By Dec 03
• FAA Also Making Changes To Optimize System
  Maintainability By Airways Facilities
• Changes Will Not Impact Schedule For Contractor
  Acceptance
• Human Factors Changes
• Training Tools
• Progress on Integrity Monitors Ahead of Schedule
• 8 Software Monitors Being Revised
• All Operating on Signal-In-Space

9
WAAS DevelopmentInitial IFR

• Completion Of Integrity Monitor Integration Is
  Schedule Driver
• Initial Delivery Will Provide Service For All
  Phases Of Flight Down To LNAV/VNAV Approach
  Capability
• Will Provide IFR Service With Very Good
  Availability To Large Portions Of U.S. National
  Airspace System
• Over More Than 90 Of CONUS
• Portions Of Alaska And Caribbean

10
LNAV/VNAVSchedule
2002
2003
Item
J F M A M J J A S O N D
J F M A M J J A S O N D
Final Integrity Monitor SIS Integration Fault
Tree Analysis Human Factors Implementation
Complete HMI Analysis Perform Safety Hazard
Analysis 60 Day Stability Test System Safety
Architecture Description Hardware/Software
FCA/PCA CAI Commissioning
3/02
4/02
5/02
6/02
9/02
12/02
1/03
2/03
3/03
12/03
rev6
11
Snapshot of WAAS CoverageAfter GIVE Monitor,
2/14/02
12
WAASDevelopment Strategy

• WAAS Is Using An Incremental Strategy To Provide
  Improvements To Users Before And After Initial
  Delivery
• Before Commissioning
• Develop Procedures (LNAV/VNAV) For Use By WAAS
  And Other NAS Users
• WAAS Signal-In-Space For VFR And Other Non-Safety
  Users
• Permit Use Of WAAS Avionics For IFR Use Prior To
  System Commissioning (En Route Non-Precision
  Approach)
• At Or Shortly After Commissioning
• Begin publication of LPV minimums
• LNAV/VNAV Nominal Minimums 350/1½
• LPV Nominal Minimums 250/ ¾

13
WAAS IncrementalCapability
2002
2003
Item
J F M A M J J A S O N D
J F M A M J J A S O N D
WAAS SIS (VFR) TSO-146 (IFR) (ENR-NPA) Contractor
Acceptance IOC (IFR, LNAV/VNAV) LPV
8/00
12/03
12/03
14
WAASDevelopment Strategy

• Next Step Will Be To Expand Service Area And
  Improve Availability
• Additional Reference Stations
• CONUS Coverage Requires 5 To 10 More
• Alaska Coverage Requires 3 To 5 More
• Additional Master Station (1)
• Additional GEO Satellite
• Congress Appropriated 5M In FY 02 Budget For
  Additional GEO
• Activity Underway To Acquire GEO Satellite
• Team Working With Department Of Transportation
  and Department Of Defense To Insure GPS
  Modernization Activities Enhance Civil Aviation
  Capabilities And Improves WAAS Performance

15
GEO AcquisitionStrategy

• Near Term
• Provide A GEO Satellite On Orbit ASAP
• Mitigate Single Thread Failure of Existing
  INMARSAT-3 Constellation
• Improve Availability (Performance) And Coverage
  (Capability) Of Signal-In-Space To Users By
  Having More Optimized Orbital Locations
• Incorporate L5 Signal Capability for Increased
  Performance and Interference Mitigation
• Goal Is Satellite On Orbit By FY 04 To FY 05 Time
  Frame
• Long Term
• Provide Additional Replacement GEO Satellites On
  Orbit Prior to Expiration of Existing INMARSAT-3
  Lease (End Of FY06)
• Aggressively Pursuing both Near and Long Term
  Solutions

16
GEO AcquisitionStatus

• FAA Aggressively Pursued Canadian ANIK F3
  Satellite Opportunity
• Ideal Location (118.7W) for Improved WAAS
  Performance and Coverage
• On-Orbit Operations Planned for FY 2004
• Existing Contract Vehicle in Place and Ready to
  Execute
• However, Recent Uncertainties / Risks Developed
  in ANIK F3 Program
• Business Case Uncertainty Due To Corporate
  Acquisition and
• Events of 9/11 Coupled with Satellite Insurance
  Increases
• Result In Potential Satellite Schedule Slip up to
  13 Months
• FAA Pursuing Contingency Plans to Include
  Potential Competitive Contract Award for
  Near-Term GEO in FY02

17
Current INMARSAT Plus 3rd GEOin Ideal Location
(1190-1290W)
Pacific Ocean Region 180ºW
Atlantic Ocean Region 54ºW
Optimal 3rd GEO
Dual Triple
18
Conclusions

• WAAS Is Being Developed Using An Incremental
  Strategy To Provide Benefits As They Become
  Available
• WAAS Hardware Is Fielded And Software Development
  Completed To Provide A Signal-In-Space
• System Is Broadcasting 24/7 And Is Providing A
  Robust And Reliable Signal-In-Space To A Variety
  Of Users
• Software Integrity Monitors And Safety Analyses
  Are Being Revised To Insure System Certification
  For IFR Use
• WAAS Prime Contract Development Is Ahead Of
  Schedule
• Contractor Acceptance Is Expected In Second
  Quarter Of FY 03
• Commissioning Expected By Dec 03
• Activities Underway To Finalize Alaska
  Architecture
• GEO Satellite Acquisition Activities Underway