Pages 304403

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Chapter 7 - Western Europe

• Pages 304-403
• By Greg Ronstadt

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Changes in society have been brought about in
different ways...

• Martin Luther - posted the ninety-five thesis
  and started the protestant reformation
• Otto von Bismarck - Helped unite Germany
• Karl Marx - One of the original socialist
  thinkers
• Adolf Hitler - the leader of the nazis in world
  war II

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Martin Luther
Did not believe in the catholic church was
showing people how to beileve in got. He was
strongly opposed to indulgences, which is where
you would pay the church to forgive you for your
sins. He posted the 95 thesis on the door of the
catholic church and started the protestant
reformation
Go here - http//www.newadvent.org/cathen/08177a.h
tm to read the 95 thesis
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Otto von Bismarck
"My highest ambition is to make the Germans a
nation," he said on several occasions before
1871, and he succeeded. He was responsible for
the political strategy that led to unification,
and he guided the united Germany during its first
twenty years. Bismarck stamped the new national
German state with its own political principles,
and he marked the character of the people within
the state. He was born at Schönhausen in
Brandenburg in 1815, the year of Waterloo.
Schönhausen was situated a short distance east of
the Elbe, and Bismarck was a man who looked both
to the German east and the German west. He knew
the world of the Prussian Junker, the landowning
military caste, that stretched eastward into
Pomerania and Silesia. But he was not a Junker,
nor a narrow provincial who knew nothing of or
cared nothing for what lay beyond the confines of
Prussia. He was a cosmopolitan, a man of the
world, who had an understanding of European life.
Copied from http//mars.acnet.wnec.edu/grempel/co
urses/germany/lectures/12bismarck.html
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Karl Marx
Karl Marx was born on May 5, 1818 , in the city
of Trier in Rheinish Prussia. After graduating
from a Gymnasium (High School) in Trier, Marx
entered the university, Marx and Bruno Bauer were
invited to be the chief contributors, and in
October 1842 Marx became editor-in-chief and
moved from Bonn to Cologne. Marx was forced to
resign the editorship before that the major
articles Marx contributed to Rheinische Zeitung,
Engels notes, an article on the Marx's
journalistic activities convinced (See Marx's
articles for the Rheinische Zeitung) Marx's
articles in this journal showed that he was
became Marx's closest friend. Shortly after
meeting, Marx and Engels worked together to
doctrine), which Marx broke into pieces in his
Poverty of Philosophy, (1847). At the insistent
request of the Prussian government, Marx was
banished from Paris in 1845, Marx then moved to
Brussels. spring of 1847 Marx and Engels joined
a secret propaganda society called the Communist
League. The victorious counter-revolution first
instigated court proceedings against Marx. into
political work. Marx was the heart and soul of
this organization, (See Marx's writings for the
First International) Marx's wife died on
December 2, 1881, and on March 14, 1883, Marx
passed away peacefully
Summarized from http//www.marxists.org/glossary/p
eople/m/a.htm
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Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler was born on April 20, 1889, at
Braunau-am-Inn, Austria. Alois. Through out his
childhood he dreamed of becoming an artist. In
1913, Hitler moved to Munich in the hope both of
evading Austrian military service and of finding
a better life in the Germany he admired so much.
Hitler served many years in the military until
the mid 1920s he began to rise to power and later
became the leader of the nazis in Germany. He
was the leader of WW ii on the axis side. He
later ended his life with his wife Eva on April
30, 1945
For Hitler's complete life biography go to
http//gi.grolier.com/wwii/wwii_hitler.html
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Certain events or occurrences in history have
brought about significant changes...
the French revolution (1789-1799)
Archduke Francis Ferdinand is assassinated (1914)
the holocaust (1941-1945)
The united nations is established (1945)
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the French revolution (1789-1799)
The revolution against the French monarchy that
broke out in 1789. one of the causes was that
the French people believed that the French
monarchy was abusing its power, another cause
was the unfair taxation of the people of France.
This event changed France because the French
system was no longer a monarchy, but a republic
much like tone one of the united states.
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Archduke Francis Ferdinand is assassinated (1914)

On June 28th 1914 on the streets of Sarajevo
archduke francis ferdinand and his wife were
assassinated. The assassin was a Bosnian Serb
and a member of a secret band of Serbian
nationalists opposed to Austro-Hungarian rule.
He hoped to unite the Serbian population of the
Austro-Hungarian empire with an independent
Serbia. This event was the event that sparked
world war one.
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the holocaust (1941-1945)
Beginning in 1941, millions of Jewish people in
Europe were hoarded into places called
concentration camps. There, nearly all of them
were murdered with poisonous gas or worked to
death by German forces. Hitler was the main
cause of this event, he believed that Jews, along
with communists, gypsies, poles and other Slavic
people, were inferior to the nazis. This event
changed western Europe by almost exterminating
the Jewish population from the region. For
example in Poland the Jewish population went from
3 million a few years prior, to only 120,000.
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The united nations is established (1945)
In 1945 the united nations was established to
keep peace in the world and try to avoid another
incident suck as world war I or world war II.
The united nations came about due to the failure
of the league of nations to prevent WW II, so
allied leaders decided to replace it with a
stronger peacekeeping organization. The united
nations has changed the world by keeping peace as
best as they can and avoiding another world war.
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Western Europe has a great diversity of
geographic features...
North Atlantic drift
Mediterranean climate
Irregular coastline
Rivers and canals
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North Atlantic drift
The north Atlantic drift allows western Europe's
economy to commence all year round in relatively
comfortable temperatures, and allows the ocean
ports to stay open nearly all year round
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Mediterranean climate
The Mediterranean climate of western Europe has
effected the types of crops grown and the kinds
of animals raised for food, clothing, etc...
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Irregular coastline
The irregular coastline in western Europe allows
for many ports and easy access by boat to the
main land for trade.
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Rivers and canals
The many rivers and canals allow for easy and
quick access to many places in Europe by boat,
before cars and trains this would be the fastest
way to get around
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Below are listed several periods in the history
of western Europe...
Ancient Greece
Age of enlightenment
Industrial revolution
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Ancient Greece
Ancient Greece has given our world many things.
Among them would be architecture, food, and
democracy. These few things have changed the
world in enormous ways
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Age of enlightenment
The age of enlightenment brought about the idea
that the world revolved around the sun as opposed
to the old idea that the earth was the center of
the universe. Many scientists and artists came
out of the age of enlightenment. Another thing
that took place during the enlightenment was
political revolution. That brought about new,
better, forms of government for the people.
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Industrial revolution
The industrial revolution turned our world into
what it is today, the internal combustion engine
was invented then and so was the assembly line.
The industrial revolution gave out world new
technology to get to where it is today.