XP Enhancements Chapters 15

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XP EnhancementsChapters 15 16

• David Turton
• Conestoga College
• Institute of Technology Advanced Learning
• www.conestogac.on.ca/dturton
• Doon 1B43 x3610

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XP versions

• XP Home
• 2 simultaneous users
• separate open apps for each
• Win Media Player
• Messenger
• conf'g, app share
• CD drag-and-drop
• firewall

• XP Pro
• remote desktop control
• roaming profiles
• connect to 2000/2003 domain
• IIS web server

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XP versions cont'd

• XP Media Ctr Edition
• XP Pro base
• digital entertainment h/w support
• video recording integ'd w/ TV
• only avail pre-installed

• XP Tablet PC
• XP Pro base
• tablet stylus touch-screen support
• XP 64-bit
• Itanium Opteron
• heavy workstations
• free beta download

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Workgroup vs Domain

• Workgroup
• small network
• lt 10 computers
• each controls own resources
• users
• groups
• files/folder
• printers

• Domain
• gt10 computers
• domain controller
• Win 2000/2003
• needs XP Pro clients
• central control
• users
• groups
• resources

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Upgrading to XP

• Win 98/SE/ME
• no drivers carried fwd
• some registry interpretations
• Win 95
• cannot upgrade
• clean install req'd

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Transfer Files/Settings to New XP

• User State Migration tool
• files, folders, display properties, taskbar
  options, browser/email settings
• on an XP machine (or from XP CD)
• create diskette
• Accessories?System Tools?Files and Settings
  Transfer Wizard
• run on old machine
• retrieve files settings
• run on new machine
• put info there.

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Automated System Recovery (ASR)Full-System backup

• use once XP fully installed
• and whenever desired afterwards
• creates complete drive backup ASR diskette
• doesn't compress, unless hardware supports
  compression
• back up to another drive, another computer, CD-R,
  tape, DVDR
• complete contents of source drive
• Accessories?System Tools?Backup
• Advanced Mode ? Automated System Recovery Wizard
• XP Home
• backup not installed by default
• XP CD ? \VALUEADD\MSFT\NTBACKUP\ntbackup.msi

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Automated System Recovery (ASR)Full-System
restore

• Will lose all on XP volume since ASR backup
• boot to XP CD
• watch for message "Press F2 to run the automated
  System Recovery Process"
• press F2
• insert ASR diskette
• XP setup will
• load itself into memory
• repartition/reformat hard drive
• install Windows XP from CD
• run ASR Wizard
• restoring system state, apps and data from backup

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Customising desktop

• manage shortcuts
• display?desktop?customise desktop
• create program icons
• right-click program
• "copy"
• "paste shortcut" to desktop
• or "create shortcut" drag to desktop
• icon properties compatibility mode
• runs Win 95, 98, ME, NT or 2000 environment
• taskbar quick launch
• single-click always-on-top icons

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Windows Messenger

• loads by default
• consumes resources in background
• stop from loading at start-up
• Better
• Remove from install

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Users in XP

• Global users (domain-wide)
• stored on server (domain controller)
• in Active Directory database
• Local users
• rights only to local computer
• built-in XP users
• administrator
• all rights, can create other users
• guest
• use of computer, very limited configuration rights

• User profiles
• created at first logon
• customise desktop
• saved in profile
• local to each machine
• roaming profile
• profile saved on domain server
• same profile used at each computer signs on to
• mandatory profile
• roaming profile
• applied to user of a group
• users cannot modify settings
• for users doing only job-related tasks

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creating users - XP

• right-click My Computer?Manage
• or control panel?admin tools?computer management
• select Local Users Groups
• right-click to create user
• user has limited rights

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Modifying User Accounts

• control panel?user accounts
• need admin authority
• create users
• change user type
• admin vs limited
• how users sign on/off
• change user name
• change password
• change image

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User groups

• manage groups, not individuals
• can grant rights to groups (Local Security
  policy)
• can apply limitations to groups (Group Policies)
• members of group inherit rights/limitations of
  group
• default XP groups
• administrators
• backup operators
• power users
• limited users
• guests
• can add groups
• some s/w adds groups they need (Visual Studio)

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Local Security Policiesgranting rights to groups
( their members)

• Control Panel ? Admin Tools ? Local Security
  Policy

properties
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Group Policies gpedit.mscApplying limitations
to groups ( their members)
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Encrypted File System

• file/folder properties ? advanced attributes
• can encrypt a file or folder
• files put in folder are encrypted
• To userid of person moving them in
• Files remain encrypted if moved to another NTFS
  location
• Files decrypted if moved to non-NTFS file system
  like diskette, CD
• only user that encrypted data can open/move/copy
  it
• "Access Denied" otherwise
• If user's password changed by administrator
• Administrator could then "impersonate" user
• Userid loses access to encrypted files
• System administrator can decrypt files/folders,
  not open directly
• Disgruntled employees, forgotten passwords
• Administrator leaves audit trail
• cannot re-encrypt to another's userid

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cipher /E, /D /Sdir folderListencrypting/dec
rypting at command-prompt or in scripts

• options
• /E
• encrypts specified file or folders
• /D
• decrypts specified files or folders
• /Sxxx
• apply to subfolders of folder xxx
• Doesn't encrypt files already inside folder
• See cipher /? for more options

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Internet Connection Firewall

• a Stateful Packet Inspection (SPI) Firewall
• if local PC initiates a communication
• Other PC's can reply to it
• if remote PC initiates a communication
• blocked
• protect yourself from your roommates
• Control Panel?Network Connections?properties
• advanced tab
• modify settings to log blocked connections
• enhanced with SP2

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Troubleshooting

• Driver rollback
• Last Known Good Configuration
• Safe Mode
• System Restore
• XP boot disk
• Recovery Console
• ASR Automated System Recovery
• Reinstall XP

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System Restore

• Needs Windows to run
• Accessories?System Tools?System Restore
• Create a restore point before installing s/w or
  h/w
• Can return to restore point if install fails
• Try driver rollback for h/w changes first
• Control Panel?System?Hardware?Device Manager
• Install configuration changes since
  restore-point lost
• Can also restore to before a virus
• Note if s/w install hangs
• Disable System Restore retry
• Lose all restore points, however

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Ms-DOS Startup Diskette

• Right-click A drive
• Select format, check "create startup disk"
• Files similar to Win 98
• Useful for real-mode programs
• Memory analysers
• Re-flash BIOS

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XP Boot Diskette

• Bypasses hard drive damage
• Boot sector
• MBR
• Partition table
• Ntldr, Ntdetect.com, Ntbootdd.sys (SCSI),
  boot.ini
• Virus
• Not for device driver problems

• Format diskette on XP
• Copy from \i386 on XP CD
• Ntldr
• Ntdetect.com
• Create boot.ini
• Write-protect diskette

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XP Boot Diskette cont'd

• If XP loads, but with errors
• Load Recovery Console
• \i386 on CD
• winnt32 /cmdcons
• Restart PC
• Use Fixmbr Fixboot
• Run antivirus
• Verify partitions OK
• Defrag hard drive
• Copy from diskette Ntldr, Ntdetect.com, Boot.ini

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• Black screen, no messages
• Corrupted MBR, partition table, boot sector,
  Ntldr
• Use XP boot diskette Recovery Console
• run fixmbr, fixboot