Technical Issues TAIEX Seminar 14 July 2003 Willy MAES DG TREN E3 Road Safety and Technology willy'm

1
Technical IssuesTAIEX Seminar14 July
2003Willy MAESDG TREN E3Road Safety and
Technologywilly.maes_at_cec.eu.int
2

• ISSUES
• Weights and dimensions
• Roadworthiness inspection
• Speed limitation devices
• Dangerous goods transport
• Driving licences
• Vehicle registration documents/Number plates
• Safety belts
• Accident databases

3
Maximum authorised dimensions in national and
international traffic and maximum authorised
weights in international traffic for certain road
vehicles circulating within the Community Dir.
96/53/EC (OJ L 235 of 17.9.1996) amended by Dir.
2002/7/EC (OJ L 67 of 9.3.2002 - to be brought
into force by 9 March 2004)
4

• LEGAL BASIS
• Article 71 of the Treaty a transport safety
  measure
• Also allowing for the well-functioning of a
  Single Market with harmonised rules

5
AIM To set maximum limits for weights and
dimensions of vehicles and vehicle combinations


6
SCOPE The Directive applies in different ways
the rules concerning maximum weights and maximum
dimensions of vehicles and vehicle combinations
and so each should be looked at separately
7

• Scope as regards vehicle dimensions
• maximum width of all motor vehicles registered
  after 16 September 1997
• maximum length of all vehicles, trailers and
  vehicle combinations for the transportation of
  freight registered after 16 September 1997
• maximum length of vehicles for the transport of
  persons registered after 8 March 2004
• rules on maximum height of all motor vehicles
  that, if met, guarantee free circulation
  throughout the EU

8

• Scope as regards vehicle weights
• The Directive lays down rules on maximum axle
  weight and total vehicle weight which, if met,
  guarantee free circulation throughout the EU.
  However Member States may choose to have
  different national limits to these, if they wish.

9
Mandatory maxima for vehicle dimensions
Maximum length - Motor vehicle (not bus) 12
m - Trailer 12 m - Articulated
vehicle 16.5 m - Road train/Articulated
bus/ Bus trailer 18.75 m - Bus 2
axles 13.50 m - Bus gt2 axles 15.00 m
including removable attachments Maximum
width Conditioned vehicles 2.6 m All other
vehicles 2.55 m
10

• Special conditions for vehicle dimensions (1)
• Any motor vehicle or vehicle combination in
  motion must be able to turn within a swept circle
  with outer radius 12.5 m and inner radius 5.3
  m (additional requirement for buses)
• Maximum distance between the axis of the
  fifth-wheel king pin and the rear of the
  semi-trailer 12 m
• Maximum distance measured parallel to the
  longitudinal axis of the road train from the
  foremost rearward point of the loading area
  behind the cabin to the rearmost external point
  of the trailer of the combination, minus the
  distance between the rear of the drawing vehicle
  and the front of the trailer 15.65 m

11

• Special conditions for vehicle dimensions (2)
• Maximum distance measured parallel to the
  longitudinal axis of the road train from the
  foremost external point of the loading area
  behind the cabin to the rearmost external point
  of the trailer of the combination 16.4 m
• For the purposes of the Directive removable
  superstructures and standardised freight items
  such as containers are included in the dimensions
  specified.

12
Rule on maximum height As regards vehicle
dimensions the Directive lays down the following
rule Maximum height (any vehicle) 4 m All
vehicles on international journeys meeting this
rule shall be guaranteed free circulation
throughout the EU. However Member States may opt
for a different national height limit.
13
As regards vehicle weights the Directive lays
down the following rules Maximum authorised
vehicle weight 2-axle trailer 18 t 3-axle
trailer 24 t Road trains - 2-axle motor vehicle
with 2-axle trailer 36 t - 2-axle motor vehicle
with 3-axle trailer 40 t - 3-axle motor vehicle
with 2- or 3-axle trailer 40 t
14
Vehicle weights (2) Articulated vehicles -
2-axle motor vehicle with 2-axle semi-trailer
36-38 t, depending on axle spacing, tyres and
suspension - 2-axle motor vehicle with three-axle
semi-trailer 40 t - 3-axle motor vehicle with 2-
or 3-axle semi-trailer 40 t - 3-axle motor
vehicle with 2- or 3-axle semi-trailer carrying a
40-foot ISO container as a combined transport
operation 44 t
15
Vehicle weights (3) 2-axle motor vehicles 18
t 3-axle motor vehicles 25 - 26 t, depending on
tyres and suspension 4-axle motor vehicles with 2
steering axles 32 t, if fitted with twin tyres
and road-friendly suspension 3-axle articulated
buses 28 t
16
Vehicle weights (4) Maximum authorised axle
weights Single non-driving axle 10 t Tandem
axles of trailers/semi-trailers 11 - 20 t,
depending on axle spacing Triaxles of
trailers/semi-trailers 21 - 24 t, depending on
axle spacing Driving axle 11.5 t Tandem axles of
motor vehicles 11.5 - 19 t, depending on axle
spacing, tyres and suspension
17

• Other requirements (1)
• The weight borne by the driving axle (or axles)
  of a vehicle or combination must not be less than
  25 of the total laden weight in international
  traffic.
• On road trains the distance between the rear
  axle of the motor vehicle and the front axle of
  the trailer must not be less than 3m.
• The maximum authorised weight (in tonnes) of a
  4-axle motor vehicle may not exceed 5 times the
  distance (in metres) between the axes of the
  foremost and rearmost axles of the vehicle.

18

• Other requirements (2)
• On semi-trailers the distance measured
  horizontally between the axis of the fifth-wheel
  kingpin and any point at the front of the
  semi-trailer must not exceed 2.04 m
• Article 6 all vehicles shall be either fitted
  with a plate or issued with an official document
  that states the dimensions and maximum permitted
  weights of the vehicle.

19

• Exemptions
• Transport of exceptional loads - special permits
• The modular concept
• Prototype vehicles
• Grandfathers Rights vehicles put into
  circulation before 17 September 1997 (until 31
  December 2006)

20
Council Directive 96/96/EC on the approximation
of the laws of the Member States relating to
roadworthiness tests for motor vehicles and their
trailers OJ L 46/1 of 17.02.1997
21
LEGAL BASIS Article 71, 1 c) and d) of the
Treaty a transport safety measure

22
SCOPE In each Member State, motor vehicles
registered in that State and their trailers and
semi-trailers shall undergo periodic
roadworthiness tests. The categories of vehicles
to be tested, the frequency of the roadworthiness
tests and the items which must be tested are
listed in Annexes I and II.
23

• Minimum roadworthiness inspection frequency of
  tests
• Heavy commercial vehicle ( taxis and
  ambulances) once per year
• Light goods vehicles and passenger cars every
  two years once the vehicle is four years old
  (but most Member States test to higher
  frequencies)

24
WHO? The roadworthiness tests shall be carried
out by the State, or by a public body entrusted
with the task by the State or by bodies or
establishments designated and directly supervised
by the State, including duly authorized private
bodies.
25

• Mutual Recognition
• Each Member State shall recognize the proof
  issued in another Member State showing that a
  motor vehicle registered on the territory of that
  other State, together with its trailer or
  semi-trailer, have passed a roadworthiness test
  complying with at least the provisions of this
  Directive.

26

• Possible exemptions
• Vehicles belonging to the armed forces, the
  forces of law and order and the fire service
• Certain vehicles operated or used in exceptional
  conditions
• Vehicles which are never, or hardly ever, used
  on public highways, including vehicles of
  historic interest manufactured before 1 January
  1960 or which are temporarily withdrawn from
  circulation.

27
Member States may- bring forward date first
compulsory roadworthiness test - shorten the
interval between two successive compulsory
tests- make the testing of optional equipment
compulsory- increase the number of items to be
tested - extend the periodic test requirement to
other vehicle categories - prescribe special
additional tests - require for vehicles
registered on their territory higher minimum
standards for braking efficiency and may include
a test on vehicles with heavier loads provided
such requirements do not exceed those of the
vehicle's original type-approval.
28

• Technical Adaptation Committee
• The Commission is assisted by a committee on the
  adaptation to technical progress, which consists
  of representatives of the Member States with a
  representative of the Commission in the chair.

29

• Amendments adapting to technical progress
  Dir. 96/96
• Commission Dir. 1999/52/EC diesel engines
• Commission Dir. 2001/9/EC exhaust pipe
  emissions - limit values
• Commission Dir. 2001/11/EC speed limitation
  device
• Commission Dir. 2003/27/EC exhaust emissions

30
Directive 2000/30/EC of the European Parliament
and of the Councilof 6 June 2000on the
technical roadside inspection of the
roadworthiness of commercial vehicles circulating
in the Community(in force 10 August 2002) .

31
DEFINITION Technical roadside inspection
inspection of a technical nature, not announced
by the authorities and therefore unexpected, of a
commercial vehicle circulating within the
territory of a Member State carried out on the
public highway by the authorities, or under their
supervision. .
32
AIM In order to improve road safety and the
environment, the purpose of this Directive is to
ensure that commercial vehicles circulating
within the territories of the Member States of
the Community comply more fully with certain
technical conditions imposed by Directive
96/96/EC
33
SCOPE This Directive establishes certain
conditions for roadside inspections of the
roadworthiness of commercial vehicles circulating
within the territory of the Community.
34
HOW? Every technical roadside inspection shall
be carried out without discrimination on grounds
of the nationality of the driver or of the
country of registration or entry into service of
the commercial vehicle, bearing in mind the need
to minimise the costs and delays entailed for
drivers and operators.
35
WHAT? One, two or all of the following aspects
(a) a visual assessment of the maintenance
condition of the commercial vehicle when
stationary (b) a check on a recent roadside
technical inspection report or on the
documentation attesting to the vehicle's
technical roadworthiness (c) an inspection for
irregularities covering one, more than one or all
of the items to be checked listed in Annex I
36

• Report of inspection for irregularities
• The technical roadside inspection report relating
  to the inspection shall be drawn up by the
  authority or inspector having carried it out. The
  authority or inspector must tick the relevant
  boxes of a checklist. The report must be given to
  the driver of the commercial vehicle.

37
Report to EC Every two years, before 31
March, Member States shall communicate to the
Commission the data collected relating to the
previous two years concerning the number of
commercial vehicles checked, classified by
category and by the country of registration, and
the items checked and defects noted. The first
data submitted shall cover a period of two years
beginning on 1 January 2003.
38
Committee for technical adaptation Same as
for Directive 96/96/EC
39

• Collaboration between Member States
• M.S. shall provide each other with details of
  the office(s) responsible for carrying out the
  checks and of the names of contact persons.
• Serious deficiencies in a commercial vehicle
  belonging to a non-resident, in particular those
  resulting in a ban on using the vehicle, shall be
  reported to the competent authorities of the
  Member State in which the vehicle is registered
  or has been put into service.

40

• Amendment adapting to technical progress Dir.
  2000/30
• Commission Directive 2003/26/EC as regards
  speed limiters and exhaust emissions of
  commercial vehicles

41
Council Directive 92/6/EEC on the installation
and use of speed limitation devices for certain
categories of motor vehicles in the
Communityamended by Directive 2002/85/EC of the
EP and of the Council of 5 Nov 2002
42
Aims To increase road safety and
environmental protection by limiting the
speed of heavy goods vehicles and buses

43
Scope Requires all category M2 and M3
vehicles and category N2 and N3 vehicles to
be fitted with speed limitation devices M2
carriage of passengers, more than 1 8 seats,
maximum mass not exceed. 5 t M3 carriage of
passengers, more than 1 8 seats, maximum mass
exceeding 5 t N2 carriage of goods, maximum
mass exceeding 3,5 t but not exceeding 12 t N3
carriage of goods, maximum mass exceeding 12 t


44

• Category M2 and M3 vehicles
• may be used on the roads only if speed
  limitation devices are installed in such a way
  that their speed can t exceed 100 km/h
• Cat. M3 veh. Registered before 1.1.2005 and gt 10
  t may continue with max. speed set at 100 km/h

45

• Category N2 and N3 vehicles
• may be used on the roads only if speed
  limitation devices are installed in such a way
  that their speed cannot exceed 90 km/h
• lower speed limit may be set by Member States
  for dangerous goods transport

46

• Deadlines
• M3 (gt10 t) and N3 since 1994-1996
• M2, M3 (gt5t and not exc. 10 t), N2
• vehicles registered as from 1.1.2005
• veh. complying with limit values Dir. 88/77/EEC
  registered between 1.1.2001 and 1.1.2005 from
  1.1.2006 (nat. and intern. Transport) or 1.1.2007
  (nat. transport)
• Later deadline possible (no more than 3 years
  from 1.1.2005) for M2 and N2 veh. with max. mass
  gt 3,5 t and not exc. 7,5 t and national transport
  only.

47

• Exemptions (1)
• Requirements do not apply to vehicles used by
  armed forces, civil defense, fire and other
  emergency services and forces responsible for
  maintaining public order
• Requirements do not apply to vehicles used only
  for public services in urban areas, for
  scientific tests on roads or which by their
  construction cannot drive faster than the limits

48

• Exemptions (2)
• Applies only to vehicles registered as from 1
  January 1988

49

• Other duties of Member States
• to approve workshops or bodies for the
  installation of speed limitation devices

50
TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS BY ROAD, RAIL AND
INLAND WATERWAY
51

Council Directive 94/55/EC on the approximation
of the laws of the Member States with regard to
the transport of dangerous goods by road
52
Scope Applies to the transport of dangerous
goods by road within or between Member States
which has to be in conformity with ADR ADR
European Agreement concerning the International
Carriage of dangerous goods by road

53

• Some exemptions for national transport
• More stringent provisions for transport
  operations made by vehicles registered in its
  territory
• Existing provisions for some very dangerous
  goods
• Special provisions concerning the use of
  languages and reference temperature
• Small quantities of certain dangerous goods
• The use of existing vehicles, packages or
  receptacles

54

• Commission Directive 96/86/EC
• Commission Directive 1999/47/EC
• Commission Directive 2001/7/EC
• Commission Directive 2003/28/EC
• Updating with the ADR of 1997, 1999, 2001
  and2003

55

• Directive of the European Parliament and of the
  Council 2000/61/EC amending Dir. 94/55/EC
• Derogations for local transport operations
• Better definition of ad hoc transport operations

56
Council Directive 95/50/EC on uniform procedures
for checks on the transport of dangerous goods by
road

57

• Scope
• Sufficient level of checks carried out randomly
  in a harmonised way by Member States on the
  transport of dangerous goods by road with a
  common checklist and covering an extensive
  portion of the road network
• Member States report to the Commission annually

58

• Directive 2001/26/EC of the European Parliament
  and of the Council amending Dir. 95/50/EC
• Amendment of the common check list (Annex I)
• New Committee procedure for amending the annexes

59

Council Directive 96/49/EC on the approximation
of the laws of the Member States with regard to
the transport of dangerous goods by rail
60

Scope Applies to the transport of dangerous
goods by rail within or between Member States
which has to be in conformity with RID RID
Regulations concerning the International Carriage
of Dangerous Goods by Rail
61

• Possibilities for additional requirements
• the running of trains
• the marshalling of freight wagons in trains in
  national traffic
• operating rules for operations ancillary to
  transport such as marshalling and stabling
• the training of staff and the management of
  information concerning the dangerous goods
  transported
• special rules for the transport of dangerous
  goods in passenger trains.

62

• General exemptions possibilities
• Armed forces
• Dangerous goods that are classified, packed and
  labelled in accordance with international
  maritime or air requirements
• Stricter provisions for tunnels similar to
  Channel tunnel
• Stricter provisions if temperature is regularly
  under -20 C
• Transport to and from the Republics of former
  Soviet Union need not to be in accordance with
  RID if equivalent safety is guaranteed

63

• Some exemptions for national transport
• Different provisions for some local transport
  operations
• Different provisions for ad hoc transport
  operations
• Existing provisions for some very dangerous
  goods
• Special provisions concerning the use of
  languages and reference temperature
• Less stringent provisions for small quantities
  of certain dangerous goods
• The use of existing tanks, wagons or packages

64

• Commission Directive 96/87/EC
• Commission Directive 1999/48/EC
• Directive of the European Parliament and of the
  Council 2000/62/EC
• Commission Directive 2001/6/EC
• Commission Directive 2003/29/EC
• Updating with the RID of 1997, 1999, 2001
  and 2003

65

Council Directive 1999/36/EC on transportable
pressure equipment
66

• Scope
• concerns transportable pressure equipment -
  receptacles and tanks for class 2 - for
• placing on the market
• reassessment of conformity
• periodic inspection

67

• Technical requirements
• as defined in Directives 94/55/EC (road) and
  96/49/EC (rail) concerning
• design
• materials
• filling factors
• periodicity of inspection
• Community marking ?

68

• Commission Directives 2001/2/EC and 2002/50/EC
  amending dir. 1999/36/EC
• changes in the modules used for conformity
  assessment

69

• Commission Decision of 25 January 2001
• deferral of Directive 1999/36/EC to 1.7.2003
  concerning pressure drums, cylinder racks and
  tanks
• soon a new Decision on a new deferral to
  1.7.2005

70

Council Directive 96/35/EC on the appointment and
vocational qualification of safety advisers for
the transport of dangerous goods by road, rail
and inland waterway
71

Directive 2000/18/EC of the European Parliament
and of the Council on minimum examination
requirements for safety advisers for the
transport of dangerous goods by road, rail or
inland waterway
72
Scope Requires all undertakings transporting,
loading or unloading dangerous goods by road,
rail or inland waterway to appoint one or more
safety advisers who have followed appropriate
training and successfully passed an examination
and hold a certificate

73

• Main provisions
• Minimum requirements of the written test
• - Minimum number of questions
• - Case study
• - Oral test (possibility)
• Possibility of specific examinations for
  specific classes of goods

74

The requirements concerning Safety Advisers are
contained in the 2003 versions of ADR and RID,
which must be applied not later than 1.7.2003
75

Be always up to date http//europa.eu.int http//
europa.eu.int/eur-lex/en/index.html http//europa.
eu.int/comm/dgs/energy_transport/ index_en.html ht
tp//europa.eu.int/comm/transport/road/roadsafety/
danggoods/index_en.htm
76
Council Directive 91/439/EEC on driving
licences
77
AIMS Aims - to increase road safety - to
facilitate the free movement of persons. Main
principle mutual recognition of all valid
driving licences issued by Member States,
including those issued before the entry into
force of the Directive. However, validity and
periodicity of medical checks remain a matter of
national competence.

78

• Harmonised matters
• Community model (paper or plastic card)
• Categories and sub-categories conditions of
  issuing and renewing licences according to these
  categories
• Minimum standards of physical and mental
  fitness
• Equivalence between categories.

79

• Harmonised matters (continued)
• Minimum age of 18 years for private cars with or
  without trailers (derogation is possible minimum
  age 17 years). Minimum driving age for lorries up
  to 7,5 tonnes is 18 whereas for heavier lorries
  it is 21. However, drivers between 18-21 may
  still drive the heavier lorries (i.e. over 7,5
  tonnes) if they hold a certificate of
  professional competence. Also, for buses the
  minimum age is 21. Regulation 3820/85 may allow
  exemptions to the two latter points but it
  remains prevailing.
• Definition of normal residence voluntary
  exchange of licences in case of change of
  residence.

80
EQUIVALENCE BETWEEN CATEGORIES This concerns the
categories of licences issued before
implementation of the Directive and the
equivalence thereof with the categories as
defined in the Directive. The equivalence will be
established by Member States, with the agreement
of the Commission. As all valid licences,
including pre-Directive ones issued by Member
States, have to be mutually recognised, this
equivalence is a necessity. In order to make it
easier for the police or other authorities to
assess which categories the holder of a foreign,
pre-Directive licence has been qualified for in
his own country, a compendium for the whole EU is
being prepared.

81
EQUIVALENCE BETWEEN CATEGORIES (continued) The
assessment of equivalence has been done for
present Member States (Commission Decision
2000/275/EC, published April 2000 and Commission
Decision 2002/256 rectifying Decision
2000/275/EC), but the candidate countries must
still seek agreement on the equivalence of
categories between their existing licences and
the, for them, new model which will be valid
throughout the Community.

82
Amendments to Directive 91/439/EEC Council
Directive 96/47/EC Council Directive 97/26/EC
Council Directive 2000/56/EC
83
Council Directive 96/47/EC - Introduced an
alternative model in the format of a plastic
card Member States have the possibility to opt
for a paper or plastic card driving licence. -
The plastic card is not a requirement, but
laminated cards are easier to forge. - The
criteria (e.g. security, bending and
flammability) shall be in accordance with
ISO-standards

84
Council Directive 97/26/EC - Established a
Committee on the driving licence and a list of
harmonised Community codes for information/restric
tions to be noted on the driving licence. - This
Committee deals with matters laid down in the
Annexes of the Directive, such as testing
requirements and physical and medical
requirements, but also with the introduction of
harmonised Codes aiming to explain items in
Arabic figures so that translations into other
Community languages are not needed.

85

Council Directive 2000/56/EC - Amended and
adapted to technical progress the list of
harmonised driving licence codes. - Further
harmonised the driving tests in the Community and
brings them in line with the demands of daily
traffic. As a result the standards for practical
and theoretical driving tests are raised, with an
aim to improve road safety.
86

• Commission Interpretative Communication on
  Community Driver Licensing (2002/ C 77/03)
• published in the Official Journal on 28.3.2002
• provides further background information on the
  current driving licence law of the Community.

87

MORE INFORMATION on the following
website http//europa.eu.int/comm/transport/home
/ drivinglicence/index_en.htm
88
Vehicle Registration Documents (Council
Directive 1999/37/EC) and Number Plates (Council
Regulation 2411/98)
89
Council Directive 1999/37/EC Scope Applies to
the vehicle registration documents Aim
harmonisation of certain codes and contents

90

• Mutual recognition
• A registration certificate issued by a Member
  State shall be recognised by the other Member
  States for the identification of the vehicle in
  international traffic or for its re-registration
  in another Member State

91
Amendments Dir. 1999/37/EC The Commission shall
be assisted by the Committee established by
Council Directive 96/96/EC on roadworthiness
tests in order to adapt the Annexes to this
Directive to technical progress.

92
Deadline Member States shall bring into force the
laws, regulations or administration provisions
necessary to comply with Directive 1999/37/EC by
1 June 2004.
93

• Amendment in preparation
• Option to use smart cards instead of paper
  documents
• Timetable proposal for voting in Committee
  96/96 before end of 2003.

94
Collaboration between Member States Member States
shall assist one another in the implementation of
Dir. 1999/37. They may exchange information at
bilateral or multilateral level in particular so
as to check, before any registration of a
vehicle, the latter's legal status, where
necessary in the Member State in which it was
previously registered. Such checking may in
particular involve the use of an electronic
network.

95

Council Regulation 2411/98 of 3 Nov. 1998 on the
recognition in intra-Community traffic of the
distinguishing sign of the Member State in which
motor vehicles and their trailers are registered
96

Scope Member States requiring vehicles
registered in another Member State to display a
distinguishing registration sign when they are
being driven on their territory shall recognise
the distinguishing sign of the Member State of
registration displayed on the extreme left of the
registration plate in accordance with the Annex
to this Regulation as being equivalent to any
other distinguishing sign (e.g. Convention on
Road Traffic, Vienna, UN-ECE, 8.11.68) that they
recognise for the purpose of identifying the
State in which the vehicle is registered.
97
Council Directive 91/671/EEC on safety belts
98
SCOPE Imposes the compulsory use of a restraint
in all seats, where fitted, from January 1993, in
vehicles of the categories M1 (i.e. private cars)
and N1 (light vans) , but in the latter case the
use of seat belts in the rear seats is not
obligatory. It also applies to category M2
vehicles (minibuses, i.e. buses weighing less
than 5 tonnes ), but again with an exemption for
the rear seats and a total exemption for
minibuses weighing less than 3,5 tonnes or
minibuses containing specially designated
standing areas.

99

• COVERAGE
• 4-wheeled motorised vehicles less than 3,5
  tonnes
• all seats
• children under 12, or less than 150 cm tall,
  must be restrained by an approved system suitable
  for the childs height and weight.

100
AMENDMENT Directive 2003/20/EC of the Council
and the EP of 8 April 2003 - Will, when coming
into force in Member States, require the use of
seat belts, where provided, in all vehicle
categories (M1, N1, M2, N2, M3, N3). - Children
must use appropriate child restraints in
passenger cars and light vans (M1, N1).
Exemptions allowed by the previous Directive,
i.e. allowing children of 3 years and older to
use adult restraints and allowing those of 3
years and younger to not wear child restraints in
the rear seats, no longer valid. - Use of
rearward facing child restraints on the front
passenger seat prohibited unless the front
passenger airbag has been disabled.

101
EXEMPTIONS - Adults can be exempted for serious
medical reasons such as disability, or if they
are carrying out a specific task which would be
hindered by the use of a restraint (e.g. police
and emergency services). - Member States may
also determine, with the agreement of the
Commission, other appropriate reasons for
exemption, e.g. due to the size of a person, for
continuous reversal or for taxi drivers. A
medical exemption certificate, which is also
valid in other Member States, is required from a
competent authority.

102
DEADLINE - Member States shall bring into force
the laws, regulations and administrative
provisions necessary to comply with this
Directive before 9 May 2006.

103
Council Decision 93/704/EC of 30 November 1993 on
the creation of a Community database on road
accidents (CARE).
104
CARE - PURPOSE To provide to the European road
safety Community a powerful tool, which would
make it possible - to identify and quantify road
safety problems throughout Europe - to evaluate
the efficiency of road safety measures - to
determine the relevance of Community actions -
to facilitate the exchange of experience in this
field.

105
CARE - RULES Member States shall establish
statistics on road accidents resulting in death
or injury that occur within their territories.
Member States shall communicate these data for a
given year stored in the computer files at the
highest existing degree of centralization to the
Statistical Office of the European Communities
and not more than nine months after the end of
the reference year in question. Commission is
responsible for disseminating the data
received. A governmental expert group guides the
further development of CARE and the dissemination
rules.

106
CARE database website http//europa.eu.int/comm
/transport/road/ figures/accidents/care/index_en.
htm