Indirect Object Pronouns - Pronomes Pessoais Complemento Indirecto

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Indirect Object Pronouns - Pronomes Pessoais
Complemento Indirecto
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What is it?

• The indirect object is a noun, a nominal group,
  or pronoun that indicates to whom or for whom the
  action of the verb is done.

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How to identify and use indirect objects pronouns
in English

• They write Diana a letter.
• What is the subject of the sentence?
• What is the verb of the sentence?
• Who is receiving the action of the verb?
• To/For whom is that object being done?

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They write Diana a letter.

• Writing is the action. Who writes - (They) is the
  subject. What do they write - a letter. Who do
  they write it to/for - Diana.
• Diana is the indirect object pronoun.

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Here is another example. Can you classify each of
the words?

• She gives the students the book.
• subject
• verb
• direct object
• indirect object

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She gives the students the book.
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In Portuguese the indirect object pronouns are as
follows

• Me to me
• Te to you (familiar)
• Lhe to you (formal)
• to him to her
• Nos to us
• Vos to you (familiar plural)
• Lhes to you (formal plural)
• to them

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Now lets take a look in Portuguese
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Eles escrevem uma carta à Diana.

• What is the subject of the sentence?
• What is the verb of the sentence?
• Who is receiving the action of the verb?
• To/For whom is that object being done?

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Eles escrevem uma carta à Diana.
Escrevem is the action. Who writes - (Eles) is
the subject. What do they write - a letter. Who
do they write it to/for - Diana. Diana is the
indirect object pronoun.

• subject
• verb
• direct object
• indirect object

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Now we must substitute the direct object pronoun
for the noun Diana.

• Diana is 3rd person singular (to her) lhe
• Eles escrevem-lhe uma carta.

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Now you try

• Ela dá o livro aos estudantes.
• subject
• verb
• direct object
• indirect object

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Ela dá o livro aos estudantes.

• Dá is the action. Who gives - (Ela) is the
  subject. What do they give - o livro. Who do they
  give it to/for - estudantes.
• Estudantes is the indirect object pronoun.

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Now replace estudantes with the correct object
pronoun.
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Ela dá-lhes o livro.
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Here are in the indirect object Rules that must
be followed.
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Regra 1

• In an affirmative sentence, the direct object
  pronoun follows the verb separated by a hypen.
• Exemplo Eu dou-te o meu lápis.

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Regra 2

• The indirect object pronoun precedes the verb
  without a hypen when the verb is preceded by a
  negative word, a question word, an adverb, and
  the conjuntions que and como.
• Exemplos
• Ela não me dá um lápis.
• Quem me dá um lápis.
• Ela diz que me dá um lápis.

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Grammatical Note

• In Portuguese, the indirect object pronoun is
  usually introduced by the preposition a, often in
  contraction with the definite articles to form
  ao, à, aos, às. The indirect object generally
  comes after the direct object, whereas in English
  it precedes the direct object.

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Cultural Note

• In Brazil object pronouns more often precede the
  verb.

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Now lets practice
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O Passageiro dá o bilhete à funcionária.
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O Passageiro dá-lhe o bilhete.
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A turista manda o dinheiro aos agentes de viagens.
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A turista manda-lhes o dinheiro.
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Ela dá a mala a mim.
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Ela dá-me a mala.
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Eu canto a canção lentamente para ti.
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Eu te canto a canção lentamente.

• What kind of word is lentamente?

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Eu tiro a marcadora para vós.
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Eu tiro-vos a marcadora.
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Nós dizemos que trazemos o passaporte para eles.
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Nós dizemos que lhes trazemos o passaporte.