TRAFFIC CONGESTION

1
TRAFFIC CONGESTION

• Michelle ONeill Carrie Green
• Carla McClintock Emma Courtney
• Aideen Parsons Jane Crawford

2
Traffic Congestion

• This is the build up of traffic preventing
  efficient movement. It is one of the most
  significant problems faced in modern cities today.

3
Reasons for Traffic Congestion

• Increase in car ownership
• Increased commuting
• Car ownership since 1920
• YEAR NO. OF CARS (MILLIONS)
• 1920 O.5
• 1940 2.5
• 1960 11
• 1980 19
• 1990 21

4
Problems caused by Commuting

• Traffic Congestion
• Air pollution
• Noise pollution
• Visual pollution
• Parking problems
• Destruction of houses
• Increased risk of accidents

5
Solutions to Traffic problems

• Widening roads
• Bypasses
• - inner ring roads
• - outer ring roads
• Urban Motorways
• Bus lanes
• Improving public transport
• one way streets

• Park and Ride system
• Increased cost of car parking
• Banning cars from the CBD

6
CASESTUDY - M3

• TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SCHEME Cross Harbour Road
  Link in Belfast.

7
M3 - Road Link

• Cost - 89 million
• Opened 22 January 1995
• One of the most sophisticated road bridges in UK
• It joins M1 and Westlink with M2 and Sydenham
  bypass to the east of city

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How effective is the link?

• Carries 4000 vehicles in each direction every
  hour
• During peak time, vehicle volume can increase to
  6000 per hour
• Eventually handles up to 90,000 vehicles per day
• Alters flow of traffic in city centre - motorists
  may avoid narrow streets
• A fast, direct road with access from one part of
  the city to another

9
CONCLUSION

• Traffic Congestion is a major concern in modern
  society
• The environment is affected by emissions fumes
• People are also put at risk from the danger of
  excess vehicles
• Reasons for congestion include increases car
  ownership and commuting
• Solutions include widening roads, banning cars
  from CBD and so forth

10
BIBLIOGRAPHY

• Dupree, H. (1987). Urban Transportation New
  Town Solution. Gower Publishing Company Ltd .,
  Wiltshire.
• Organisation for economic co- operation and
  development (1973). Effects of Traffic and Roads
  on the Environment in Urban Areas. Paris
• Report of Steering Group (1963). Traffic in
  Towns. Her Majestys Stationary office, London.