Comparison Contrast and Cause

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Comparison / Contrast and Cause Effect Essays

• For Essay 3 you will choose one format or the
  other. You will also need to use at least one
  outside source to support your points in the body
  of your essay.

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Comparison Contrast
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What is Comparison Contrast?

• Comparison means How things are similar
• Contrast means How things are different

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Setting up your Comparison / Contrast Paper

• Only focus on 2 things
• 2 people
• 2 places
• 2 things
• 2 ideas

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The First Step

• The first step in setting up your paper think
  about ideas to compare and contrast brainstorm
  make a list
• 2cities
• London
• Paris
• How same?
• How different?

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Compare/Contrast Bill and Bob
Bob 55 years old Economics Prof at
SDSU Fisherman Married 3 kids House in Del
Mar Reads Sci Fi Novels
Bill 55 years old CEO of Gardening
Business Collects Stamps Not Married No
kids Condo in Spring Valley Mountain Biker
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Group ideas into points for comparison contrast

• Home city, type of house
• Occupation job, salary
• Family Life marriage, children
• Hobbies fun

Bob 55 years old Economics Prof at
SDSU Fisherman Married 3 kids House in Del
Mar Reads Sci Fi Novels
Bill 55 years old CEO Gardening Business Collects
Stamps Not Married No kids Condo in Spring
Valley Mountain Biker
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Two Patterns of Comparison contrast

• Block
• Point by point

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Block method

• Bill
• Home
• Family
• Hobbies
• Bob
• Home
• Family
• Hobbies

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Point by Point method

• Home
• Bill
• Bob
• Occupation
• Bill
• Bob
• Family life
• Bill
• Bob
• Hobbies
• Bill
• Bob

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Thesis for Comparison Contrast

• You must list the two people, places, things or
  ideas you are comparing and contrasting in your
  thesis.
• You must let us know clearly if you are
  comparing, contrasting, or both.
• You must tell us why you are comparing and
  contrasting why does the reader care?

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Avoiding the so-what thesis make your
readers care

• Why should the readers care about your comparing
  and contrasting these 2 people, places, things,
  or ideas?
• Maybe your readers will care because they need
  the information to help them or maybe because the
  information is surprising.
• Poor Bill and Bob are both similar and
  different.
• Better Although Bill and Bob were born identical
  twins, as adults, their lives are quite different.

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Cause and Effect
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What is cause effect?

• Causes Reasons why something happens
• Effects Results of an action
• In car accident,
• what is the cause?
• what is the effect?

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Your Causes Paper

• Choose your paper to be about the cause of
  something. Ask yourself a question about it.
• Ex What are three main causes of poor grades for
  college freshmen?
• Put the effect poor grades in your thesis
  statement.
• Your causes will be your main points in the plan
  of development.

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Causes Papers thesis

• If you choose a causes paper put the effect
  into the thesis statement and the causes will be
  your plan of development.
• Thesis Poor grades in college are usually caused
  by lack of sleep, poor time management, and low
  motivation levels.
• Effect Poor Grades
• Causes lack of sleep, poor time management, and
  low motivation levels

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Your Effects Paper

• Choose your paper topic to be about 3 effects of
  something. Ask yourself a question about it.
• Ex What are the effects on college freshmen when
  they dont get enough sleep?
• Put the cause lack of sleep in your thesis
  statement.
• Your effects will be the main points in your plan
  of development

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Effects Paper Thesis

• If you choose an effects paper put the cause
  into the thesis statement and the effects will be
  your plan of development.
• Thesis Not getting enough sleep leads students
  to forget assignments, make poor choices on
  exams, and not listen during lectures.
• Cause Not getting enough sleep
• Effects - forget assignments, make poor choices
  on exams, not listen during lectures

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Avoiding the so what thesis

• Why are you explaining the causes and effects of
  something?
• Why does the reader care?
• Think about it and put it into your essay and
  thesis statement.

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So what thesis 2

• EX Poor grades in college are usually caused by
  lack of sleep, poor time management, and low
  motivation levels.
• Why do students care about poor grades? Probably
  because they want good grades!
• Put the idea of how to get good grades by
  avoiding these causes into your paper.
• Better To succeed in school, students need to
  avoid the pitfalls suffered by many college
  freshmen. Poor grades in college are usually
  caused by lack of sleep, poor time management,
  and low motivation levels.

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Using an outside source

• For this essay you will need to use information
  from a book, magazine, newspaper, or appropriate
  website to support your ideas in your body
  paragraphs.
• You will either use a quote or paraphrase method
  making sure to give credit to the original author
  in the essay and on your works cited page.

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Quoting

• To properly quote an idea in the body of your
  essay, youll need 3 sentences
• 1 State your points clearly in your own words
• 2 Put the exact phrase you are quoting into
  quotation marks and the authors name and pg in
  brackets
• 3 Explain in your own words how this quote
  supports your point in 1

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Quote example

• Students who learn how to effectively use
  quotations go farther in college. A recent study
  showed that students who properly used citation
  strategies were 50 more likely to finish BA
  degrees. Groman 22 Gromans study clearly
  shows that understanding how to quote helps
  students succeed in college.

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Paraphrasing

• Definition Using another persons information to
  write out a sentence in your own words.
• Even though you are using your own words, you
  need to give credit to the person or place where
  you got your information.
• The next slide gives steps in using an effective
  paraphrase.

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How to Paraphrase

• To properly use a paraphrase in the body of your
  essay, youll need 3 sentences
• 1 State your points clearly in your own words
• 2 Using your own words, write the information
  you found in a book or magazine and put the
  authors name and pg in brackets at the end of
  your sentence
• 3 Explain in your own words how this quote
  supports your point in 1

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Paraphrase example

• Students who learn how to effectively use
  quotations go farther in college. A recent study
  showed that knowing how to quote and paraprhase
  properly significantly helped students finish
  their degrees. Groman 22 This study clearly
  shows that understanding how to quote helps
  students succeed in college.

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Works Cited Page

• When you use a quote in your essay, you must also
  include a works cited page at the end to give
  credit to the author and to help the reader find
  the source you used.
• Just so you know Books, magazines and newspapers
  are your best sources. Internet websites are
  often POOR. Make sure you are using a good source.

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Example Works Cited page

• In general, your works cited page says Works
  Cited as the title.
• Then you list the works in alphabetical order by
  authors last name.
• Then you present the information usually like
  this
• Author last name, first name. Book Title. City
  where published Publisher, year.
• Neylon, Virginia. Psychology and Literature. San
  Diego UC Riverside Publishing, 2000.

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Writing your works cited page

• For more detailed information on how to write
  your works cited page for books, magazines,and
  more, check out the Website below as it has
  models you can use
• http//www.liu.edu/cwis/cwp/library/workshop/citml
  a.htm
• Good luck!