Learning to Love the Bomb

1
Learning to Love the Bomb
2
Preparing for Cold War

• Truman Doctrine
• George F. Kennan, Mr. X
• Marshall Plan
• National Security Act of 1947
• NSC
• CIA
• SECDEF and OSD
• JCS Joint Staff
• USAF
• McCarthyism
• Losing China
• NSC 68
• Korea
• Ikes New Look

3
U.S. Nuclear Weapons Policy

• How nuclear weapons work
• Blast
• Prompt thermal radiation
• Prompt nuclear radiation
• Fallout
• Electro Magnetic Pulse

4
Nuclear Triad

• ICBMs Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles
• SLBMs Submarine Launched Ballistic Missiles
• Bombers
• Now Cruise Missiles (GLCMs, ALCMs, and SLCMs)

5
Weapons and Policy (Ideal)

• Nuclear Strategy
• Nuclear Policy
• Weapons Systems

6
Nuclear Strategy

• To what political ends to we put the
  construction, maintenance, and possible use of
  nuclear weapons?
• Ideally, then, the answer to this question
  determines--

7
Nuclear Policy

• Declaratory Policy Pronouncements about the
  circumstances under which we will use nuclear
  weapons
• Targeting Policy what we will shoot at
• Countervalue targets cities, industry, people
• Counterforce targets military assets
• This, then, should tell you--

8
Weapons Systems

• Weapons systems must then be developed to
  credibly implement the nuclear policy what type
  of force structure and weapons are needed to
  fulfill the political requirements spelled out in
  doctrine and the policy requirements made clear
  in nuclear policy?

9
Massive Retaliation

• Eisenhower Administration (New Look)
• Strategy Extended Deterrence
• Declaratory Policy Unlimited Response to Soviet
  incursions (in Europe)
• Targeting Policy Countervalue
• Weapons Bombers (SAC), ICBMs (under development)

10
Assured Destruction

• McNamara Pentagon
• Strategy Basic Deterrence
• Declaratory Policy Devastating Second Strike
• Targeting Policy Countervalue
• Weapons Survivable Retaliatory Forces (Nuclear
  Triad)

11
Flexible Response

• McNamara Pentagon
• Strategy Extended Deterrence
• Declaratory Policy Meet Soviet Aggression
• Targeting Policy Counterforce
• Weapons NATO conventional forces and Tactical
  Nuclear Weapons

12
Nuclear Warfighting

• 1970s to the present
• PD 59 (1979)
• Extension of Flexible Response?
• Deter nuclear war, but if war should start, aim
  to fight and win a limited nuclear war
• Tac Nucs and C3I

13
70s Non-Nuclear Items

• Tet Offensive
• Vietnamization
• Détente
• October War (1973)
• Camp David

14
Reagan-Bush Years

• End of Détente
• Central America
• Arms Reduction (eventually)
• SDI
• Iran-Contra
• Berlin Wall falls Soviet Union dissolves
• Panama and Gulf War

15
After the Cold War

• START and after
• Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty
• vertical and horizontal proliferation
• National Missile Defense
• for what, where, and how soon? Bye-bye ABM Treaty
• Deterrence and Compellence
• nonstate actors?
• Paying the Bill

16
Now What?

• War on Terrorism
• WMD Pre-Emptive strikes?
• India-Pakistan, North Korea
• Free Trade
• From Containment to Enlargement?
• Drug Wars
• How Many Wars at Once?
• China Rising and Russia Falling?
• Katrina Homeland Security