Grammar Bootcamp

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Grammar Bootcamp

• Clauses

ENGL 123 Q3 Fall 2009
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Clauses vs. Phrases

• Clause
• A set of words including a matching subject
  and verb
• Ironman is a superhero

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Clauses vs. Phrases

• Clause
• A set of words including a matching subject
  and verb
• Ironman is a superhero
• Phrase
• A set of words without a matching subject and
  verb
• Ironman the superhero
• Thinking about Ironman

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Know Your Clauses

• Independent
• Dependent

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Know Your Clauses

• Independent
• Can stand on its own is a complete sentence
• Ironman is a superhero.
• Dependent

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Know Your Clauses

• Independent
• Can stand on its own is a complete sentence
• Ironman is a superhero.
• Dependent
• Needs another clause to give it context is
  not a complete sentence
• Although Ironman is a superhero

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Know Your Clauses

• Dependent clauses can behave in a sentence like
• various parts of speech

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Know Your Clauses

• Dependent clauses can behave in a sentence like
• various parts of speech
• Adverbial clause
• Describes an action or activity, and begins
  with a subordinating conjunction, such as
• after rather than that
• before than so that
• once whether unless
• since where so
• until wherever in order that
• when although provided that
• whenever even though since
• while though even if
• as whereas because
• if
• Example He dropped his plate while she was
  watching.

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Know Your Clauses

• Dependent clauses can behave in a sentence like
• various parts of speech
• Adverbial clause
• Adjectival clause
• Describes a person or thing, and begins with a
  relative pronoun
• who which
• whom that
• though
• or, on occasion, with a relative adverb
• when
• where
• Example The person who left his coat came back
  for it.

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Know Your Clauses

• Dependent clauses can behave in a sentence like
• various parts of speech
• Adverbial clause
• Adjectival clause
• Noun clause
• Refers to a person or thing, and usually begins
  with
• who
• which
• that
• or, occasionally, with
• whoever how
• whichever whether
• when where
• why
• Example The prizes go to whoever shows up for
  them.

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• Good writers think and work in clauses