Jo Anne Goodnight

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Lab to LifeNIH SBIR/STTR Funding
OpportuNIHtieS
National Institutes of Health

• Jo Anne Goodnight
• SBIR/STTR Program Coordinator
• Office of Extramural Research, NIH

MassMEDIC M2D2 June 2008 Workshop Waltham, MA
June 6, 2008
2

• Topics to Discuss Today
• SBIR/STTR Overview
• NIH SBIR/STTR Program Specifics
• Solicitations and Funding Opportunities
• The NIH Peer-Review Process
• Gap-Funding Programs
• Transitioning SBIR/STTR Biomedical Innovations
  to the Marketplace

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Topics to Discuss Today
SBIR/STTR Program Overview
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SBIR/STTR Program Overview
SMALL BUSINESS INNOVATION RESEARCH (SBIR)
PROGRAM Set-aside program for small
business concerns to engage in Federal RD --
with potential for commercialization. SMALL
BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER (STTR)
PROGRAM Set-aside program to facilitate
cooperative RD between small business concerns
and U.S. research institutions -- with potential
for commercialization.
2.5
0.3
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SBIR Purpose and Goals
We in government must work in partnership with
small businesses to ensure that technologies and
processes are readily transferred to commercial
applications. Ronald Reagan, July 22, 1982.

• Stimulate technological innovation

• Use small business to meet Federal RD needs

• Foster and encourage participation by minorities
  and disadvantaged persons in technological
  innovation

• Increase private-sector commercialization
  innovations derived from Federal RD

Small Business Innovation Development Act of
1982 P.L. 106-554 (Signed 12/21/2000 extends
program through 09/30/2008)
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STTR Purpose and Goals

• Stimulate and foster scientific and technological
  innovation through cooperative research and
  development carried out between small business
  concerns and research institutions

• Foster technology transfer between small business
  concerns and research institutions

Small Business Research and Development
Enhancement Act of 1992 P.L. 107-50 (Program
reauthorized through 09/30/2009)
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SBIR/STTR Participating Agencies

• DOD SBIR/STTR
• HHS SBIR/STTR
• NASA SBIR/STTR
• DOE SBIR/STTR
• NSF SBIR/STTR
• DHS SBIR
• USDA SBIR
• DOC SBIR
• ED SBIR
• EPA SBIR
• DOT SBIR

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SBIR/STTR 3-Phase Program
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SBIR Eligibility Criteria

• Organized as for-profit U.S. business
• Small 500 or fewer employees, including
  affiliates
• PD/PIs primary employment must be with small
  business concern at time of award and for
  duration of project period
• At least 51 U.S.- owned by individuals and
  independently operated or
• At least 51 owned and controlled by another
  (one) business concern that is at least 51 owned
  and controlled by one or more individuals

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STTR Eligibility Criteria

• Applicant is Small Business Concern
• Formal Cooperative RD Effort
• Minimum 40 by small business
• Minimum 30 by U.S. research institution
• U.S. Research Institution
• College or University other non-profit
  research organization Federal RD center
• Intellectual Property Agreement
• Allocation of Rights in IP and rights to carry
  out follow-on RD and commercialization

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SBIR and STTRCritical Differences

• Research Partner
• SBIR Permits partnering
• 33 Phase I and 50 Phase II
• STTR Requires partnering with Research
  Institution
• Small business (40) and U.S. research
  institution (30)

• Principal Investigator
• SBIR Primary (gt50) employment must be with
  small business concern
• STTR PI may be employed by either research
  institution or small business concern

Award is always made to Small Business Concern
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NIH SBIR / STTR Program Specifics
13
NIH Mission
Improve human health through biomedical and
behavioral research, research training and
communications.
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NIH

• 27 Institutes and Centers
• 1 of 8 agencies of the Public Health Service
• Part of Department of Health and Human Services

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Snapshot of NIH SBIR/STTR Program

• SBIR and STTR Program Solicitations
• Single Solicitation for grants Same topics
• Investigator-initiated research ideas
• Contract Solicitation Closes Nov. 5
• NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts

• External Peer Review
• Experts from Academia and Industry
• 5 Criteria Significance, Approach,
• PI(s), Innovation, Environment

• Gap Funding Programs
• No-Cost Extensions
• Phase I/Phase II Fast Track
• Competing Renewal Phase II awards
• Administrative Supplement Awards

• Multiple Award Mechanisms
• Grants, Contracts, Cooperative Agreements

• Multiple Grant Receipt Dates
• April 5, August 5, December 5
• May 7, September 7, January 7 (AIDS)

• Budget and Project Period
• 100K/6 months (Ph I) 750K/2 yrs (Ph II)
• Deviations permitted where scientifically
  appropriate for success of the project.

• Technical Assistance Programs
• Ph I Technology Niche Assessment
• Ph II Commercialization Assistance
• Both Pipeline to Partnerships (P2P)

http//grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/sbir.htm
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NIH SBIR/STTR 3-Phase Program
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SBIR/STTR Program Reminders
Reminders

• Electronic Submission Register early!
• Error Correction Window for Electronic
  Applications
• Two Business Days
• Cover Letters Encouraged Study Section and IC
  Requests

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Solicitations and Funding Opportunities
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Identifying NIH Solicitations and Funding
Opportunities

• SBIR/STTR Grant Opportunities
• SBIR Contract Opportunities
• NIH Guide for Grants Contracts

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Solicitations for SBIR/STTR Grant Applications
http//grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/sbir.htm
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SBIR STTR Parent FOAs
PA-08-050 SBIR Parent FOA PA-08-051 STTR Parent
FOA

• Participating Agencies and/or ICs
• Objectives and Scientific Scope (Links to
  Research Topics)
• Executive Summary
• Application Submission, Review, Selection Dates
• Funding and Project Duration Limits
• Eligibility Criteria
• Special Instructions
• Submission Info (specifics in SBIR/STTR SF424 RR
  Application Guide)
• Review Criteria and Considerations
• IC Contact Information

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NIH SBIR/STTR Research Topics

• Mission of Awarding Components
  (Institutes/Centers)
• IC Program Descriptions
• Suggested technical topics
• Broad Descriptions
• Trans-NIH Opportunities

200 pages of topics!
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NIH SBIR/STTR Research Topics
Our Ideas Biodefense Biosensors Nanotechnologies
Bioinformatics Diagnostic and Therapeutic
Devices Telehealth
Biosilicon devices Biocompatible
materials Acousto-optics /
opto-electronics Imaging devices Genetically
engineered proteins Proteomics / Genomics
Examples
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NIH SBIR/STTR Research Topics
Your Ideas (a.k.a. I cant find a topic match)

• Investigator-initiated RD projects

Angioscopes to Zebrafish

• Research projects related
• to NIH mission

• Other areas of research within mission of an
  awarding component

Key Take Home Message
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Does My Technology Fit In NIH?
See our Mission Statement!
Solutions to Real Problems. that affect Real
People.
Key Take Home Message
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CRISP Query Tool Funded Projects http//report.n
ih.gov/crisp.aspx
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Search Medical device
15 hits
10 different ICs
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What Does This Tell You?

• Possible ICs to target
• Potential collaborators/partners

WHAT IS THE NEXT STEP? Contact NIH Staff
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SBIR Contract Solicitation
Closed
Receipt Date November 5, 2007
Submission Instructions Forms
Narrowly-focused Topics
SBIR Only
NIH CDC Only Some ICs
http//grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/sbir.htm
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The NIH Peer-Review Process
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NIH Review Process
Submits SBIR/STTR Grant Application to
NIH Electronically
2-3 months after submission
2-3 months after review
IC Staff Prepare funding Plan for IC Director
Grantee Conducts Research
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Cover Letter A Valuable Tool

• Suggest potential awarding component(s) NIH
  Institutes/Centers
• Request study section
• Suggest key areas of expertise required
• Indicate individual(s) or organization(s) in
  conflict
• For resubmissions, indicate review history
• Justify your requests

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Descriptions of SBIR/STTR Study Sections at the
Center for Scientific Review
http//cms.csr.nih.gov/PeerReviewMeetings/CSRIRGDe
scription/
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What if I cannot determine which IC is most
appropriate?
Grant Application Assignment
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Assignment to Institutes/Centers

• The NIH Center for Scientific Review RECEIPT and
  REFERRAL STAFF refer applications to an Institute
  or Center as the potential funding component
• Match between research proposed and ICs mission
• Technologies that cross-cut more than one IC
  multiple assignments are made

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Application Evaluation Process

• External peer reviewers (academia / industry)--
  scientists and engineers determine the merit of a
  proposal.
• All applicants receive debriefing (Summary
  Statement) automatically.
• Evaluation factors
• 1. Significance (Real Problem/Commercial
  Potential)
• 2. Approach (Research Design, Feasible)
• 3. Innovation (New or Improved?)
• 4. Investigators (PI and team)
• 5. Environment (Facilities/Resources)
• Protection of Human Subjects
• Animal Welfare
• Budget

Program staff do NOT participate in peer review
process
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NIH REVIEW CRITERIA (Phase II)

• See Previous Slide
• Demonstrated Feasibility in Phase I
• Commercialization Plan
• High Degree of Commercial Potential based on
  Commercialization Plan
• Protection of Human Subjects
• Animal Welfare
• Budget

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NIH REVIEW CRITERIA (Amended Applications)

• See Previous Slide(s) as appropriate
• Responses to comments from the previous review
• Appropriateness of improvements in the revised
  application

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Common Problems with Applications

• No Significance
• Unimportant problem, unconvincing case for
  commercial potential or societal impact
• Inadequately defined test of feasibility
• Lack of innovation
• Diffuse, superficial, or unfocused research plan
• Lack of sufficient experimental detail
• Questionable reasoning in experimental approach
• Failure to consider potential pitfalls and
  alternatives
• Lack of experience with essential methodologies
• Unfamiliar with relevant published work
• Unrealistically large amount of work proposed

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How You Can Compete Successfully

• Understand our mission.
• Review research topics in FOAs.
• If no topic match, remember Other areas within
  our mission.
• Contact NIH Staff to discuss your idea.
• Give yourself ample time to prepare your
  application.
• Propose innovative ideas with significance and
  scientific/technical merit.

http//grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/sbir.htm
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NIH SBIR/STTR Success RatesFiscal Year 2007
Set-Aside 650 M SBIR/STTR
277
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36
656
Success Rate ()
28
39
24
125
19
6
14
11
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Congratulations!
The check is in the mail
(almost)
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NIH SBIR/STTR Award Process Avoid Delays

• Human Subject Issues (OHRP)
• - IRB and Assurances
• - http//ohrp.osophs.dhhs.gov/index.htm
• Animal Welfare Issues (OLAW)
• - IACUC (Animal Involvement)
• - http//grants.nih.gov/grants/olaw/olaw.htm
• Third Party Involvement
• - Contracts, Consortia, Consultants

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Gap-Funding Programs
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...Technical Assistance Program
Gap Funding Programs
Phase II Competing Renewal Award
Phase I
Phase II
Phase III

• No-Cost Extension
• Phase I / Phase II Fast Track
• Administrative / Competitive Supplements

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Bridging the Phase I - II Funding Gap
NIH Phase I/Phase II Fast-Track
SBIR/STTR Phase I Phase II
(Simultaneous Submission and Concurrent Review)
Program Staff assess completion of specific aims
and milestones
Completion of Phase I
Go? No Go?
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Important Considerations
NIH Phase I/Phase II Fast-Track

• Convincing preliminary data
• Clear, measurable, achievable milestones
• Well-conceived Commercialization Plan
• Letters of Phase III support/interest?
• Track record for commercializing?
• Discussed with NIH Program Staff?

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Phase II Competing Renewal Award
Purpose

• To take existing, promising compounds or devices
  developed under a Phase II through the next step
  of drug discovery / medical device refinement and
  development (see Solicitation)

• OR.
• To support complex instrumentation, clinical
  research tools, behavior interventions/treatments
  
• (see http//grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/P
  A-08-115.html)

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Phase II Competing Renewal Award
Eligibility

• SBIR Phase II awardee
• Promising pharmacologic agents or devices have
  already been identified (or developed)
• Some preclinical pharmacology has been conducted
• Technologies not subject to FDA regulatory
  approval that require extraordinary time and
  effort to develop
• Generally, 750k-1M/year for up to 3 years
• IC must accept competing renewal applications
• (NIA, NIAAA, NIAID, NICHD, NIDA, NIDCD, NIDDK,
  NEI
• NHLBI, NIMH, and NINDS)

Contact your Program Director to discuss!
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SBIR Projects Receive FDA Approval for Clinical
Trials

• A few examples of the more than 70 SBIR Projects
  that have recently received FDA approval.
• Intralase Corporation (CA)
• Corneal Surgery with Femtosecond Lasers
• Titan Pharmaceuticals, Inc.(CA)
• Spheramine Cell-based Therapy for Parkinson's
  Disease
• Infectious Disease Research Institute (WA)
• Vaccine for Leishmaniasis
• Caelum Research Corporation (MD)
• Expert-driven Hybrid Ling Nodule Detection System
• Redox Pharmaceutical Corporation (NY)
• New Therapy for Ocular Herpes Simplex Keratitis
• Nephros Therapeutics, Inc./RenaMed Biologics (RI)
• Bioartificial Renal Tubule for Renal Failure
  Therapy
• Immunogen, Inc. (MA)
• CC 1065 Analogs -- Drugs for Anticancer
  Conjugates
• Endocyte, Inc. (IN)
• A Folate Targeted 99M-TC Diagnostic Imaging Agent

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Transitioning SBIR/STTR Biomedical Innovations to
the Marketplace
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Challenges for Biotech Firms Navigating the
Peaks and Valleys
Phase I
Phase II
Phase III
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NIH Technical Assistance Program Helping
Biotech Companies Understand the B in SBIR

• A menu of technical assistance / training
  programs in
• Strategic/business planning
• FDA requirements
• Technology valuation
• Manufacturing issues
• Patent and licensing issues
• Getting closer to the customer, the market, and
  the competition.
• Systematic approach to developing business
  strategies.
• Individualized assistance/mentoring/consulting.

• Menu
• Commercialization Assistance Program
• Technology Niche Analysis Program
• Manufacturing Assistance Program

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Technical Assistance Programs
Business strategic planning Help help build
strategic alliances and investor partnerships

• Commercialization
• Assistance

(Phase II awardees)
Partnership with NIST MEP Centers Help make
better manufacturing and operational decisions
Manufacturing Assistance
(Phase II awardees)
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NIH CAP Participant Companies by Industry Sector
Provided by Larta Institute
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To (the) Market We Go
NIH Pipeline to Partnerships (P2P)
Technology Showcase Potential partners search for
technologies of interest Facilitates matchmaking
between NIH SBIR/STTR awardees and potential
strategic partners and investors
(Ph I and Ph II awardees)
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NIH Pipeline to Partnerships (P2P)
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Pipeline to Partnerships (P2P)
http//www.ott.nih.gov/p2p/index.asp
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Pipeline to Partnerships (P2P)
Potential partner identifies technology of
interest and contacts company's Web site.
http//www.ott.nih.gov/p2p/index.asp
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Pipeline to Partnerships (P2P)
http//www.ott.nih.gov/p2p/index.asp
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Wrap-Up
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Key to the NIH Application, Review, and Award
Process
Communication
Final Take Home Message
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NIH Program Staff

• Pre-Application
• Assess the fit
• Whats New FOAs (PAs/RFAs)
• Assist in finding collaborators
• Review Issues Dos / Donts
• Define product focus application

If at first you dont succeed. Revise, (revise)
again
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NIH Review Staff and Grants Management Staff

• Scientific Review Officer.
• Point of contact during review process
• Recruitment and assignment of reviewers
• Concerns about I/C assignment or review

• Grants Management Specialist.
• Pre-Award Steps
• Post-Award Advice/Guidance

Review
Award
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NIH SBIR/STTR Program Coordinator
Guidance and Advice.... Success Stories
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Im from the Government, and Im here to help
you.
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National Institute of Environmental Health
Sciences
Fogarty International Center
National Institute on Aging
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive
and Kidney Diseases
National Cancer Institute
National Institute of Child Health and
Human Development
National Eye Institute
National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and
Bioengineering
National Institute on Drug Abuse
National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Rese
arch
National Human Genome Research Institute
National Institute of Arthritis
and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases
National Institute of General Medical Sciences
National Institute of Mental Health
National Institute of Nursing Research
National Center for Research Resources
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
National Institute on Deafness and
Other Communication Disorders
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious
Diseases
National Institute of Neurological Disorders
and Stroke
National Library of Medicine
National Center on Minority Health and Health
Disparities
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
National Center for Complementary and
Alternative Medicine
Largest SBIR/STTR set-asides
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National Institutes of Health
http//www.nih.gov/icd/
Office of the Director

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Tips for Potential Applicants

• Explore the OER website - theres lots of
  information there!
• http//grants.nih.gov/grants/oer.htm
• Explore Institute/Center (IC) websites - to find
  the most likely home for your project
• Explore the CSR website - identify potential
  study sections
• http//cms.csr.nih.gov/PeerReviewMeetings/CSRIRGD
  escription/
• Contact most appropriate program staff s/he can
  help you!
• Include a cover letter with your application -to
  request IC and study section assignments
• Be persistent and dont get discouraged NIH
  extramural staff are your links with the ICs and
  are there to help you.

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Stay InformedList Servs

• SBIR/STTR ListServ Mailings from Yours Truly
  (periodic)
• Send an e-mail to LISTSERV_at_LIST.NIH.GOV with
  following text in message body (not "Subject"
  line) subscribe SBIR-STTR your name
  (Example subscribe SBIR-STTR Jane Doe)
• NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts (weekly)
• http//grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/listserv.htm

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Top 10 Reasons
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Top 10 Reasons
10. Over 2.3 Billion available- annually
9. NOT A LOAN - no repayment
8. Provides recognition, verification and
visibility
7. Potential leveraging tool to
attract venture capital/other sources of

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Top 10 Reasons
6. Foster partnerships (universities, large
corporations) that enhance
competitiveness of small businesses in
marketplace
5. Creates jobs / stimulates local and state
economies stronger National Economy
4. Provides seed money to fund high risk
projects
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Top 10 Reasons
3. Intellectual property rights are normally
retained by the small business
2. Small business concerns are recognized as
a unique national resource of technological
innovation creating AND sustaining
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Top 10 Reasons
1. Opportunity to make economic and societal
contributions to America
Simbex, LLC
Cardiac Assist, Inc.
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SBIR Discoveries Improving Human Health
Boston Medical Products (MA)
Montgomery Thyroplasty Implant System

• Features
• Complete standardized system.
• Eliminates need to hand-fashion implants.
• No suturing necessary.
• Reduces trauma and surgery time.
• Reversible.
• Proven clinical success.

• Potential Impact
• For medialization thyroplasty in patients with
  unilateral vocal cord paralysis to improve voice
  quality.

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Thank You!
www.nih.gov
http//grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/sbir.htm
Jo Anne Goodnight NIH SBIR/STTR Program
Coordinator Phone [phone] Fax
301-480-0146 Email jg128w_at_nih.gov
Kay Etzler SBIR/STTR Program Analyst Phone
301-435-2713 Email etzlerk_at_od.nih.gov
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SBIR / STTR Toolbox
Information and Resources
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Preparing an SBIR/STTR Grant Application

• Electronic Submission
• http//era.nih.gov/ElectronicReceipt/prepare_ap
  p.htm

• Finding the PHS398 elements in the SF424 (RR)
  (crosswalk)
• Errors and warnings (validations)
• Important Tips (PDF, etc.)
• Prepare Application FAQs

• Application Guide SF424 (RR)
•  Sample Application Forms
•  Application Examples
•  Training video and handouts on SF424 (RR) form
•  Grants.gov Application Package Demo

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Finding A Partner

• CRISP Award Database
• http//crisp.oit.nih.gov
• NIH Collaboration Opportunities and Research
  Partnerships
• http//grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/corp.htm
• NIH Office of Technology Transfer
• http//ott.od.nih.gov/
• Pipeline to Partnerships - NEW
• http//www.ott.nih.gov/p2p/index.asp

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Preparing an SBIR/STTR Grant Application

• http//grants1.nih.gov/grants/grant_tips.htm
• http//grants1.nih.gov/grants/funding/sbir_policy
  .htm
• http//www.niaid.nih.gov/ncn/grants/
• http//deainfo.nci.nih.gov/EXTRA/EXTDOCS/gntapp.h
  tm
• http//www.nlm.nih.gov/ep/Tutorial.html

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Quick Link Resources

• NIH Small Business Funding Site
  http//grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/sbir.htm
• Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific
  Projects (CRISP) http//crisp.cit.nih.gov
• Contacts at NIH http//grants.nih.gov/grants/con
  tacts.htm
• Grants.gov http//grants.gov
• NIH Grants Policy Statement http//grants.nih.g
  ov/grants/policy/nihgps_2003/index.htm
• NIH Guide http//grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/in
  dex.html
• PHS 2590 Progress Report http//grants.nih.gov/
  grants/funding/2590/2590.htm
• National SBIR/STTR Resource Center
  http//www.sbirworld.com

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FDA Technical Assistance
Each Component of FDA has an Office to Provide
Technical Assistance to Manufacturers

• Human Drug Products
• Biological Products
• Animal Drugs and Devices
• Food Products and Cosmetics

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FDA Technical Assistance
Human Drug Products Center for Drug Evaluation
and Research (CDER) Telephone Number
301.827.4573Fax Number 301.827.4577Fax-On-Deman
d 800.342.2722 or 301.827.0577 CDER Home Page
http//www.fda.gov/cderEmail Address
DIB_at_cder.fda.gov
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FDA Technical Assistance
Biological Products Center for Biologics
Evaluation and Research (CBER) Telephone Number
301.827.2000 or 800.835.4709Fax Number
301.827.3843CBER Home Page http//www.fda.gov/cb
er Email Address Manufacturers Assistance
and Technical Training Team MATT_at_cber.fda.gov
Consumer Health Professional Assistance
OCTMA_at_cber.fda.gov
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FDA Technical Assistance
Animal Drugs and Devices Center for Veterinary
Medicine (CVM) Telephone Number
301.827.3800Fax Number 301.594.1807CVM Home
Page http//www.fda.gov/cvm Email Address
fdacvm_at_informatics.vetmed.vt.edu
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FDA Technical Assistance
Food Products and Cosmetics Center for Food
Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN) Telephone
Number 301-436-2335Fax Number 301-436-2764
CFSAN Home Page http//vm.cfsan.fda.gov/list.htm
l Email Address OCO_at_cfsan.fda.gov
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NIH ICs and General Areas of Research
NCI -- cancer cause, prevention, detection,
diagnosis, treatment and control
NHLBI -- diseases of heart, blood vessels, lungs,
blood, and transfusion medicine
NIDCR -- understand, treat and prevent infectious
and inherited craniofacial-oral-dental diseases
and disorders
NINDS -- diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of
disorders of the nervous system, neuromuscular
apparatus, and special senses of touch/pain
NIDDK -- diabetes, endocrinology, and metabolic
diseases digestive diseases and nutrition
kidney, urologic and hematologic diseases
NIAID -- understand, treat and prevent
infectious, immunologic, and allergic diseases
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NIH ICs and General Areas of Research
NIGMS -- basic biomedical research not targeted
to diseases or disorders recombinant DNA
technology
NICHD -- fertility, pregnancy, growth,
development, and medical rehabilitation
NEI -- blinding eye diseases, visual disorders,
mechanisms of visual function, preservation of
sight, requirements of the blind
NIEHS -- identification, assessment, and
mechanism of action of environmental agents that
are potentially harmful to human health
NIA -- biomedical, social, and behavioral aspects
of aging process prevention of age-related
diseases and disabilities promotion of better
QOL for older Americans
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NIH ICs and General Areas of Research
NIAMS -- arthritis/rheumatic diseases, connective
tissue diseases, musculoskeletal and skin
disorders
NIDCD -- normal mechanisms diseases, and
disorders of hearing, balance, smell, taste,
voice, speech and language
NIMH -- understanding, treating, preventing
behavioral and mental disorders (including HIV
prevention, neuro-AIDS research)
NIDA -- treatment of drug addiction behavioral
strategies for treatment medication training in
drug abuse treatment techniques drug abuse
treatment
NIAAA -- treatment and prevention of alcoholism
and alcohol-related problems
NINR-- understand effects of acute and chronic
illness, improving QOL, approaches to promote
health and prevent disease, improving clinical
environments
93
NIH ICs and General Areas of Research
NHGRI -- efforts toward achieving the goals of
the Human Genome Project (Science vol. 262,
pp.43-46 Oct. 1, 1993)
NCRR -- RD in instrumentation and specialized
technologies for biomedical research RD in
comparative medicine discovery-oriented software
for science education
NCCAM -- complementary and alternative treatment,
diagnostic, and prevention modalities,
disciplines and systems education and public
information patient management botanical
products research-related issues (e.g., models,
methods)
NLM -- innovative methods, systems, and services
for managing health knowledge and information