Steve Blonstein, CFI West Valley Flying Club

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Steve Blonstein, CFIWest Valley Flying Club
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Agenda

• Current Systems
• Thought Provoking Questions
• Terminology
• Systems Overview
• Primary Flight Display
• Multifunction Display
• GNS430
• STEC55x Autopilot
• Discussion

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Diamond DA40 Garmin G1000
CURRENT SYSTEMS
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Diamond DA40 Avidyne
CURRENT SYSTEMS
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Eclipse Personal Jet Avio
CURRENT SYSTEMS
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Chelton Flight Systems - HITS
CURRENT SYSTEMS
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Cirrus SRV/SR20/SR22 - Avidyne
CURRENT SYSTEMS
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5 Thought Provoking Questions

• Is an all-glass panel safer than a conventional
  panel ?
• As a community, are we prepared for such rapid
  innovation ?
• How much training is required to be competent
  and safe ?
• What happens in the event the panels go dark?
• How should one manage database currency ?

Well come back to discuss these important
questions later on
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Terminology

• TAA Technically Advanced Aircraft (e.g. All
  Glass Cockpit, GPS, A/P)
• PFD Primary Flight Display (1 display with AS,
  Altimeter, VSI, HSI, TC)
• MFD Multi-Function Display (1 display with
  maps, engine, wx, traffic)
• HITS Highway In The Sky (like Chelton Flight
  Systems)
• FITS FAA Industry Training Standards (e.g. TAA
  with PFD/MFD/HITS)
• ADAHRS or ADAHARS Air Data Altitude Heading
  and Reference System
• GPS Global Positioning System
• GPSS GPS Steering

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System Structure
ADAHRS
MFD
Air Data
Heading
Attitude
GPS 1
PFD
Crossfill
GPS 2
GPSS relay
S-TEC 55X
T/C
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Electrical Components

• Alternator 1
• 75 amp, 28 volts
• Belt driven
• Internally rectified
• Alternator 2
• 20 amp, 28.75 volts
• Gear driven
• Internally rectified

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Electrical Components

• Battery 1
• 24 volt, 10 amp-hour
• Lead Acid
• Battery 2
• 2, 12 volt, 7 amp-hour connected in series
• Lead Acid
• Sealed in an acid resistant container
• Located at FS 222 below parachute canister

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Avidyne PFD

• The Avidyne PFD incorporates the functionality
  of
• Airspeed Indicator
• Attitude Indicator
• Altimeter
• VSI
• HSI (HI VOR/LOC)

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Avidyne PFD(2)

• The display is integrated with an Air Data /
  Attitude Heading Reference System (ADAHRS)
• Three axis solid state gyro system
• Provides
• Pitch
• Roll
• Heading

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Avidyne PFD(3)

• Turn Coordinator
• Scale show extending from either side of digital
  heading representation
• Graduations for half and full standard rate turn
• Blue bar extends into scale as turn is entered

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Avidyne PFD(4)

• Inclinometer
• Represented as black trapezoid below angle of
  bank indicator

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PFD - Initialization

• Requires approximately 3 minutes to align
• Countdown begins when unit is 40 seconds from
  completing the initialization process
• Air data will become valid prior to attitude
  information
• Red Xs indicate invalid data
• Brightness Default 75

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PFD - Initialization

• Default configuration
• HDG Bug 360
• Altitude Bug Nearest hundred feet
• VSI Bug 0
• Baro Set 29.92 in. Hg
• Nav GPS 1
• Bearing Off
• Aux Off
• View 360

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PFD Failures (1)

• Air Data Failure
• Refer to standby instrumentation

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PFD Failures (2)

• Recoverable Attitude Data Failure
• Occurs when
• Attitude change exceeds 90 per second
• Small power fluctuation
• Gyros are reset by pressing Fast Erect line
  select key

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PFD - Failures (3)

• Non-recoverable Failure
• Cannot be corrected in flight
• Must refer to standby instruments

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PFD Failures (4)

• Lamp or LCD failure
• Keys are lit no display
• Take system off line by use of CB, this will
  ensure that you have predictable autopilot
  operations.

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PFD - Limitations

• Avidyne PFD Pilot Guide must be immediately
  available in flight
• PFD must be aligned with no flags for takeoff
• All standby instruments must be working for
  takeoff
• PFD may be inoperative for VFR operations

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Avidyne MFD

• The Avidyne MFD supports
• Map/Terrain/Nearest
• Engine Management
• Fuel Management
• Lean Assist
• Traffic
• Stormscope

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MFD - Nearest Page

• Separate Avidyne database to support this

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MFD Engine Management

• All important engine, fuel, and electrical
  information on a single page
• Use in run-up
• Use on takeoff

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MFD Lean Assist

• Do not lean in climb
• Lean at altitude using the lean assist function
• After reaching Best Power try using Normalize

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MFD - Limitations

• The moving map display must not be used as the
  primary navigation instrument.
• Use of map page during IFR flight requires an IFR
  approved GPS receiver installation operated in
  accordance with applicable limitations.
• Under no circumstances should the Map page
  terrain representations be used as a basis for
  terrain avoidance.
• The electronic checklists are supplements to the
  POH checklists and is advisory only. These must
  not be used as the primary set of onboard
  airplane checklists.
• The Avidyne FlightMax EX-Series Pilots Guide
  must be available to the pilot during flight
  operations.

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GPS GNS430

• Acts as a communications and navigation
  management system
• Integrates radio transceiver, navigation
  receiver, and GPS navigation capability into a
  single unit
• WAAS upgrade ?

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GNS430 - Chapter Page Selection
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Autopilot STEC 55x

• Rate autopilot
• Two axis control system
• Roll axis controlled by aileron trim motor and
  spring cartridge
• Pitch axis controlled by pitch trim motor
• Powered by Essential Bus

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STEC 55x - System
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Approach Procedures

• ILS Approach
• Ensure a reliable Localizer signal exists
• Select the desired course using the CDI
• Select APR mode on the autopilot mode controller
• Verify illumination of NAV and APR annunciators
• Glide-slope Coupling
• APR and ALT modes must be selected
• Aircraft must be within ½ scale deflection of
  localizer
• Aircraft must be 60 or more below the
  glide-slope
• Condition must exist for 10 seconds for GS mode
  to arm
• Arm indicated by illumination of ALT and GS
  annunciators
• ALT annunciator extinguishes at glide-slope
  intercept
• GS mode may be manually engaged by pressing ALT
  once when in ALT mode and a glideslope signal
  exists
• On or below glide-slope in later revisions of
  software.

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Thought Provoking Questions

• Is an all-glass panel safer than a conventional
  panel ?
• As a community, are we prepared for such rapid
  innovation ?
• How much training is required to be competent
  and safe ?
• What happens in the event the panels go dark?
• How should one manage database currency ?