The RES potential of the Europe

1
The RES potential of the Europes maritime
periphery
Dr. Eng. Gonzalo MOLINA IGARTUA Head of
Unit Management of Energy RTD programmes CPMR
WORKING GROUP SEMINAR ENERGY FOR THE
PERIPHERY PAMPLONA 5-6 OCTOBER 2006
Directorate-General for Energy and Transport
2
Renewable energy Sources
Solar Th
Ocean
Geothermal
PV
Energy Efficiency
2
3
Overall Energy statistics data RES
EU25, 1990-2002
Current trend 75-80 Mtoe/ 2010
Source EUROSTAT
Directorate General for Energy and Transport
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DEMAND MANAGEMENT AND RENEWABLE ENERGIES (1)

• The Green Book on Security of Energy Supply
  considers
• 1The supply from renewables and the demand
  management (energy efficiency) are essential
  components for this security
• 2Only the integrated use of all political and
  market instruments can help to increase this
  security

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Directorate General for Energy and Transport
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DEMAND MANAGEMENT AND RENEWABLE ENERGIES (2)

• How to succeed with the difficult actions in
  buildings and transport?
• Adequate integration supply/demand role of RES
  and EE
• Adequate integration of instruments according to
  each specific circumstance
• Legislation
• Market mechanisms
• - Technological innovation
• - Non-technological instruments
• Innovative financial schemes
• Training, behaviour
• Standards, monitoring and targetting
• Other

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General Directorate for Energy and Transport
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The relation between community instruments
Research Policy Development of new technologies
Energy Policy To solve problems and needs of
society
DG RTD
DG TREN
Market
COST OF RES ECOBUILDINGS CONCERTOCIVITAS ALTERNAT
IVE FUELS POLYGENERATION
LEGISLATION
IEE
Dissemination
Research and Development
Demonstration
Long term
Short term
Medium term
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General Directorate for Energy and Transport
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POLITICAL AND LEGISLATIVE INSTRUMENTS (1)
Political and legislative instruments Sector Sector Supply Demand Demand Demand
Political and legislative instruments RES EE Supply BU TR IND
White Book on RES X X X X
White Book on Transport 2001 X X
Green Book on Energy Efficiency in Europe X X X X X
Directive on RES-electricity X X X X
Biomass Action Plan X X X
Directive on Energy Perform. of Buildings X X X
Directive on Cogeneration X X X X X
Directive on Bio-fuels X X X
Directive on Energy Services X X X X X
Directive on Eco-design X X X X
Other Lighting, Informatics X X X
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General Directorate for Energy and Transport
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INTELLIGENT ENERGY. EUROPE THE FACILITATOR
PROGRAMME
Key actions in IEE
Legislative inputs
Retrofitting of social housing SAVE (3)
Best adequate integration of instruments
IEE
RTD inputs
RES electricity ALTENER (3)
New instruments created by the IEE programme -
Knowledge - Behaviour - Monitoring - Training -
Financing - Other
Alternative Fuels for vehicles STEER (2)
Urban and Periurban areas COOPENER (2)
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General Directorate for Energy and Transport
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SOLAR ENERGY
Directorate-General for Energy and Transport
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SOLAR ENERGY POTENTIAL

• Solar electricity PHOTOVOLTAICS
• White Paper objective 2010 3 GW (5GW)
• PV Platform objective 2030 200 GW
• Solar electricity SOLAR THERMAL POWER
• Market size 2010 600 MW
• Market size 2020 2400 MW
• Solar Heating and Cooling
• White Paper objective 2010 100 Mm2 70 GW
• ESTIF target 2020 200 GW 300 Mm2

COM(97)599 final Energy for the future ESTIA
2005
Directorate-General for Energy and Transport
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SOLAR Contribution to Policy

• Phovoltaic Solar Thermal Power to contribute
  RES-E Directives (2001/77/EC)
• RES-Heating and Cooling Document by the end of
  the year
• Export potential and market opening in North
  Africa and other neighbour countries

Directorate-General for Energy and Transport
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WIND ENERGY

Information - Communication
Directorate general for Energy and Transport
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Europes Wind Resource

• Richest resource in the world
• Sufficient to provide all of EUs electricity
  requirements
• Technically efficient and commercial competitive
  to exploit
• Predictable fuel cost
• Independent of external political influences
  very local
• Clean

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Wind Energy in Europe

• Global wind power capacity has grown to over
  50,000MW by mid-2005. Europe represents 73 of
  total installed capacity.
• In 2004, European companies had a market share of
  80 of the 8 billion market for wind turbines.

Information - Communication
Directorate general for Energy and Transport
15
Europe as Wind Energy world leader

• Europe has
• 80 global manufacturing share
• 70 annual and cumulative market
• Annual market value of 7bn
• 72 capacity in 2 countries
• 75,000 jobs
• Generates 2.8 EU electricity
• By 2010 wind is predicted to
• Annual electricity generation of 167 TWh,
  equivalent to 5.5 of European electricity
  demand, (34m people)
• 28 of all new installed generation capacity
• 10.6 of overall generation capacity
• Deliver 50 of the Renewable Directive target
• Meet gt30 of the EU Kyoto Protocol commitment
• Cumulative CO2 savings of 523m
• Avoid 13 billion imported fuel costs,
• Avoid 10-25 billion external costs

WIND POWER INSTALLED IN EUROPE BY END OF 2005
(CUMULATIVE)
EU 40,504 MWACCESSION COUNTRIES 28 MWEFTA
COUNTRIES 279 MW
Finland82
Sweden500
Norway267
Iceland0
Estonia30
Faroe Islands 4
Latvia26
Rep. Of Ireland495.5
Denmark3,122
Lithuania7
UK1,353
Netherlands1,219
Germany18,428
Poland73
Belgium167
Luxembourg35
Czech Republic26
Ukraine82
Slovakia5
Switzerland11.6
Austria819
Hungary17
France757
Romania1.4
Croatia6
Spain10,027
Portugal1,022
Slovenia 0
Bulgaria1
Italy1,717
Turkey20
Greece573
Cyprus0
Malta0
Source EWEA
Note Due to previous-year adjustments, project
decomissioning of 50 MW, and rounding, the 2005
end-of-year cumulative capacity total does not
exactly match the year-end 2004 total plus the
2005 additions.
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European Wind Energy today
EU CAPACITY (MW)
ACCESSION COUNTRIES (MW)
  Total at end2004 Installed Jan-Dec2005 Total at end2005
Austria 606 218 819
Belgium 96 71 167
Cyprus 0 0 0
Czech Republic 17 9 26
Denmark 3,118 22 3,122
Estonia 3 27 30
Finland 82 4 82
France 390 367 757
Germany 16,629 1,808 18,428
Greece 473 100 573
Hungary 3 14 17
Ireland 338.5 157 495.5
Italy 1,265 452 1,717
Latvia 27 0 27
Lithuania 7 0 7
Luxembourg 35 0 35
Malta 0 0 0
Netherlands 1,079 154 1,219
Poland 63 10 73
Portugal 522 500 1,022
Slovakia 5 0 5
Slovenia 0 0 0
Spain 8,263 1,764 10,027
Sweden 442 58 500
UK 907 446 1.353
EU-15 34,246 6,122 40,317
EU-10 125 61 186
EU-25 34,371 6,183 40,504
  Total at end2004 Installed Jan-Dec2005 Total at end2005
Bulgaria 1 0 1
Croatia 6 0 6
Romania 1 0.4 1.4
Turkey 20 0 20
Total 28 0.4 28.4
EFTA COUNTRIES (MW)
  Total at end2004 Installed Jan-Dec2005 Total at end2005
Iceland 0 0 0
Liechtenstein 0 0 0
Norway 160 107 267
Switzerland 8.7 2.9 11.6
Total 169 109.9 278.6
OTHER COUNTRIES (MW)
  Total at end2004 Installed Jan-Dec2005 Total at end2005
Faroe Islands 0.15 3.9 4
Ukraine 72 10 82
Total 72.1 13.9 86
Source EWEA
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• Current trend

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CHALLENGES IN WIND ENERGY

• Growing markets Larger machines for optimal
  exploitation of the wind potential. High
  penetration levels of wind require short-term
  production forecasts
• Emerging markets Off-shore Large machines with
  highest reliability to reduce infrastructure and
  maintenance costs. Cost effective foundations and
  grid-connection.
• New Member States Setting-up of an industry and
  a support infrastructure, creating confidence,
  develop framework conditions

Information - Communication
Directorate general for Energy and Transport
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BIOMASS
Directorate General for Energy and Transport
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Europes ambitious targets for bioenergy
EU25, 1990-2002, biomass waste only
Targets for 2010 (EU-25) 62 mtoe for
heat/electricity 18 mtoe biofuels
Wood 85
Source EUROSTAT
Directorate General for Energy and Transport
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EU Forest - Wood resources

• In EU 25
• 140 Mha forest (36 of land)
• Current level of felling 60 of trees
• Annual forest extension 340. 000 ha
• 12 M Forest owners
• 4 M people employed (direct/ indirect)
• Various studies evaluating the potential of wood/
  forest
• All express same main result tremendous
  potential unexploited
• Most recent study EEA report How much
  bioenergy can Europe produce without harming the
  environment?

Directorate General for Energy and Transport
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EU Forest - Wood Results of EEA report

• Main findings/ conservative figures as
  calculated at 35/barrel
• By 2010
• Forest residues 15 Mtoe
• Wood waste from processing industries
  demolition wood 34 Mtoe
• Complementary fellings stem wood residues 28
  Mtoe
• By 2030
• Complementary fellings stem wood residues 23
  Mtoe
• Forest residues 16.5 Mtoe
• Wood waste from processing industries
  demolition wood 37 Mtoe
• If calculate at 50 / barrel of oil would
  expect a doubling of these figures
• Considerable potential for felling in many EU
  countries but most important in central EU,
  Italy, France, UK, Spain.

Directorate General for Energy and Transport
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BIOMASS ACTION PLAN MAIN COMPONENTS
Functioning solid biofuels European market
including international trade
Current use and future potential, land
availability, food other industrial needs
Power 35 Mtoe/a by 2010
Heat/ Cooling 27 Mtoe/a by 2010
Trans-port 18 Mtoe/a by 2010
Total 80 Mtoe by 2010
Strategic research agenda FP7
Socio-economic issues and proper approach to the
EU citizen
Directorate General for Energy and Transport
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Biomass Action Plan outputs COM 2005 628 Final

• In total more than 30 specific measures proposed
  to stimulate the Bioenergy market and distributed
  under five areas ( Details in Annex 1)
• - Biomass Heating
• - Biomass for Electricity generation
• - Transport Biofuels
• - Cross cutting issues
• - Research

Directorate General for Energy and Transport
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GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
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(No Transcript)
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Ocean Energy Technology
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Directorate-General for Energy and Transport
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Ocean Energy the associated break through
promoted

• Over 11000 patents worldwide
• No standardisation or prevailing design

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Directorate-General for Energy and Transport
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Europe as Wind Energy world leader

• Europe has
• 80 global manufacturing share
• 70 annual and cumulative market
• Annual market value of 7bn
• 72 capacity in 2 countries
• 75,000 jobs
• Generates 2.8 EU electricity
• By 2010 wind is predicted to
• Annual electricity generation of 167 TWh,
  equivalent to 5.5 of European electricity
  demand, (34m people)
• 28 of all new installed generation capacity
• 10.6 of overall generation capacity
• Deliver 50 of the Renewable Directive target
• Meet gt30 of the EU Kyoto Protocol commitment
• Cumulative CO2 savings of 523m
• Avoid 13 billion imported fuel costs,
• Avoid 10-25 billion external costs

WIND POWER INSTALLED IN EUROPE BY END OF 2005
(CUMULATIVE)
EU 40,504 MWACCESSION COUNTRIES 28 MWEFTA
COUNTRIES 279 MW
Finland82
Sweden500
Norway267
Iceland0
Estonia30
Faroe Islands 4
Latvia26
Rep. Of Ireland495.5
Denmark3,122
Lithuania7
UK1,353
Netherlands1,219
Germany18,428
Poland73
Belgium167
Luxembourg35
Czech Republic26
Ukraine82
Slovakia5
Switzerland11.6
Austria819
Hungary17
France757
Romania1.4
Croatia6
Spain10,027
Portugal1,022
Slovenia 0
Bulgaria1
Italy1,717
Turkey20
Greece573
Cyprus0
Malta0
Source EWEA
Note Due to previous-year adjustments, project
decomissioning of 50 MW, and rounding, the 2005
end-of-year cumulative capacity total does not
exactly match the year-end 2004 total plus the
2005 additions.
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Ocean Energy Costs

• Dynamic, fast developing sector
• Actual projected production cost bellow 0.10
  /kWh
• Average electricity production cost in EU
  0.04/kWh
• Target Cost by 2015-2020
  0.05 /kWh

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Ocean EnergyFunding and priorities

• EC funding the last 15 years (DG RTD) gt 30M
• 6 demo projects under negotiation in DG TREN
  (budget 10M)
• Priorities for FP7
• Basic Research as well as demonstration of full
  scale systems for electricity generation, in view
  of their commercial exploitation

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ECOBUILDINGS
Directorate-General for Energy and Transport
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Potential for Ecobuildings in Europe

• More than 40 of the final energy consumption
• Since 1990 energy consumption in the domestic and
  tertiary sectors increased 1.3 per year
• A potential of 22 energy saving could be
  realised in heating, cooling and lighting
• A balanced share between new and retrofitted
  buildings
• Rehabilitation necessary for 80 to 90 of
  buildings in the last EUR 10
• Building stocks Between 50 and 100 mio
  apartments

Directorate-General for Energy and Transport
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ECOBUILDINGSContribution to the political and
legislative objectives

• Improve substantially the energy performance of
  the building market at a large scale transferring
  scientific knowledge issued from projects into
  stricter standards
• Go beyond the requirements of existing
  legislation and thus contributing to a further
  development of regulatory issues in this sector

Directorate-General for Energy and Transport
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POLYGENERATION
Directorate General for Energy and Transport
Directorate-General for Energy and Transport
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Polygenerationbeyond CHP Potential of the
Sector Polygeneration applies to all energy
sectors and types of fuels. Aims to maximise
energy efficiency and use of resources by
providing flexibility and multiple
services. Principle of generating more than two
energy types, CHCP, CHPProducts. Its
potential for the EU is very significant. It
addresses fossil fuels too.
Microturbine
Volvo engine adapted for DME
Directorate General for Energy and Transport
Directorate-General for Energy and Transport
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CONCERTO
WHAT IS

supports concrete initiatives of local
communities working towards a completely
integrated energy policy, harmonizing a
substantial use of RES with efficient
innovative technologies and systems to minimize
energy consumption and to improve the quality of
citizens lives.
CONCERTO
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CONCERTO
Big industry
Smallindustry SMEs
Green electricity
PV plant
Storage
Electricity
Individual house
ESCO
Neighbourhood CHP
Local CHP plant
House with Solar thermal and PV
Storage
Office buildings
Wind power plant
Natural Gas
n 38
Directorate General for Energy and Transport
Directorate-General for Energy and Transport
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Citizens From passive consumers to active
savers
Legislation is global
Act locally
Integration of Instruments - from EU - from MS
Think globally
NETWORKING
Community added value
Society
PROGRAMMES ManagEnergy
Governance
Managenergy and others
Citizens real actors
n 39
Directorate-General for Energy and Transport