OBJECT ORIENTED ANALYSIS AND DESIGN CASE TOOLS

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TITLE

• OBJECT ORIENTED ANALYSIS AND DESIGN CASE TOOLS

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CONTENTS

• WHAT IS OBJECT ORIENTED ANALYSIS
• OOA MODEL LAYERS
• WHAT IS OBJECT ORIENTED DESIGN?
• FOUR COMPONENTS OF OOD MODEL
• WHAT IS A CASE TOOL?
• HISTORY OF CASE TOOL
• ADVANTAGES OF CASE TOOLS
• TWO MAIN CATEGORIES OF CASE TOOLS
• FRONT-END CASE TOOLS
• BACK-END CASE TOOLS
• EXAMPLES OF CASE TOOLS
• CHARACTERISTICS OF OOA AND OOD CASE TOOLS
• REFERENCES

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WHAT IS OBJECT ORIENTED ANALYSIS?

• IT MODELS A REAL WORLD
• IT USES NOTATION THAT DISPLAY CLASSES WITHIN THE
  SAME SYMBOL AS THEIR ATTRIBUTES
• IT ESTABLISHES HOW AGIVEN SET OF OBJECTS
  COLLABORATES TO PERFORM THE WORK OF THE SYSTEM
  BEING SPECIFIED
• OOA MODEL AS FIVE LAYERS

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OOA MODEL LAYERS

• OBJECT-CLASS LAYER
• ATTRIBUTES LAYER
• SERVICE LAYER
• STRUCTURE LAYER
• SUBJECT LAYER

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WHAT IS OBJECT ORIENTED DESIGN?

• THE DESIGN OF INDIVIDUAL OBJECTS, AND/OR THE
  DESIGN OF THE INDIVIDUAL METHODS CONTAINED IN
  THOSE OBJECTS
• THE DESIGN OF AN INHERITANCE (SPECIALISATION)
  HIERARCHY OF OBJECTS

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WHAT IS OOD CONTD

• THE DESIGN OF A LIBRARY OF REUSABLE OBJECTS AND
  THE PROCESS OF SPECIFYING AND CODING OF AN ENTIRE
  OBJECT-ORIENTED APPLICATION.
• OBJECT-ORIENTED DESIGN (OOD) IS CONCERNED WITH
  DEVELOPING AN OBJECT-ORIENTED MODEL OF A SOFTWARE
  SYSTEM TO IMPLEMENT THE IDENTIFIED REQUIREMENTS
• OOD MODEL IS CONSTRUCTED AS AN EXTENSION OF OOA
  MODEL

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WHAT IS OOD CONTD

• IT CONTAINS THE SAME FIVE LAYERS AND USES SAME
  NOTATION AS OOA
• IT HAS FOUR EXTENDED COMPONENTS

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FOUR COMPONENTS OF OOD MODEL

• PROBLEM DOMAIN COMPONENT
• HUMAN DOMAIN COMPONENT
• TASK MANAGEMENT COMPONENT
• DATA MANAGEMENT COMPONENT

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WHAT IS A CASE TOOL?

• COMPUTER-AIDED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
• A CASE TOOL IS A COMPUTER-BASED PRODUCT AIMED AT
  SUPPORTING ONE OR MORE SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
  ACTIVITIES WITHIN A SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
• IT PROVIDES GRAPHICALLY ORIENTED WAYS OF
  EXPRESING PLANS, MODELS AND DESIGNS.

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WHAT IS A CASE TOOL? CONTD

• CASE TOOLS ENABLE US TO ABSTRACT AWAY FROM THE
  ENTANGLEMENT OF SOURCE CODE, TO A LEVEL WHERE
  ARCHITECTURE AND DESIGN BECOME MORE EASIER TO
  UNDERSTAND AND MODIFY.
• CASE TOOLS COUPLED WITH METHODOLOGIES GIVE US A
  WAY OF REPRESENTING SYSTEMS TOO COMPLEX TO
  UNDERSTAND IN THEIR ORIGINAL SOURCE CODE FORM.

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HISTORY OF CASE TOOLS

• CASE TOOLS BEGAN IN THE EARLY 1970
• THE INITIAL DEVELOPMENT OF CASE TOOLS FOCUSED
  PRIMARILY ON TOOLS, WHICH WOULD BE USED FOR
  PROGRAM SUPPORT SUCH AS TRANSLATORS, COMPILERS,
  ASSEMBLERS, ETC.
• IN THE LATE 80S AND THROUGHOUT 1990S THE FOCUS
  WAS ON THE USE OF CASE TOOLS IN SEARCHING FOR
  THE ANSWER TO PROBLEMS IN SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT

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ADVANTAGES OF CASE TOOLS

• ENSURE CONSISTENCY, COMPLETENESS AND CONFORMANCE
  TO STANDARDS
• ENCOURAGE AN INTERACTIVE, WORKSTATION
  ENVIRONMENT.
• IT HELP GENERATE THE CODES TO SPEED UP THE
  DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
• ALLOW PRECISION TO BE REPLICATED
• IT REDUCES MAINTENANCE COSTS AND INCREASE
  PRODUCTIVITY
• IT MAKES STRUCTURED TECHNIQUES PRACTICAL

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TWO MAIN CATEGORIES OF CASE TOOLS

• FRONT-END CASE TOOLS
• BACK-END CASE TOOLS

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FRONT-END CASE TOOLS

• IT DEALS WITH THE INVESTIGATION OF SYSTEM
  REQUIREMENT
• ANALYSE PROCESS SPECIFICATIONS,
• IT DEALS WITH DESIGN PHASE OF THE SYSTEM
  DEVELOPMENT

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BACK-END CASE TOOLS

• DEALS PRIMARILY WITH THE IMPLEMENTATION AND
  INSTALLATION OF THE SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE
  CYCLE.
• THEY ARE MOST OFTEN USED TO FACILITATE THE
  GENERATION OF PROGRAM CODE
• CASE TOOLS ADVANTAGE IS USUALLY SEEN IN THE
  BACK-END OF THE SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE
  DURING THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE SYSTEM, TESTING,
  IMPLEMENTATION AND MAINTAINING THE NEW
  SYSTEM.

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EXAMPLES OF CASE TOOLS

• ASCENT
• USED MAINLY BY COMPUTER STUDENTS
• IT CONTAINS A FULL DATA DICTIONARY SUPPORT AS
  WELL AS MANY DEVELOPMENT METHODOLOGIES
• SUPPORT DIAGRAM DEVELOPMENT INCLUDING DATAFLOW
  DIAGRAMS, E-R DIAGRAMS, STATE TRANSITION
  DIAGRAMS, OOAD DIAGRAMS, AND STRUCTURE DESIGN
  CHARTS
• STRUCTURE BUILDER
• A JAVA PROGRAMMING COMPONENT/APPLICATION BUILDING
  TOOL THAT HELPS THE PROGRAMMER UNDERSTAND THE
  STRUCTURE OF A JAVA PROGRAM
• IT KEEPS THE OBJECT DESIGN IN LOCK-STEP WITH THE
  CODE.

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EXAMPLES OF CASE TOOLS CONTD

• COOLGEN
• ACCELERATE DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES
• REDUCE IS DEPARTMENT DEVELOPMENT COSTS
• PRODUCE PRODUCTIVITY GAINS
• INTEGRATE EBUSINESS APPLICATIONS
• DEPLOY APPLICATIONS TO THE WEB
• IT USES STRUCTURED METHODS TO DEVELOP BUSINESS
  OBJECTS AND MODELS

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CHARACTERISTICS OF OOA AND OOD CASE TOOLS

• IT SHOULD ENABLE USERS TO BUILD THE FOLLOWINGS
• FOR OBJECT STRUCTURES
• DATA STRUCTURE DIAGRAMS
• OBJECT-GENERALIZATION HIERARCHY DIAGRAMS
• OBJECT-RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAMS
• OBJECT COMPOSED -OF DIAGRAM
• FOR OBJECT BEHAVIOUR
• REPRESENTATIONS OF METHODS
• ACTION DIAGRAMS
• STRUCTURE CHARTS

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CHARACTERISTICS OF OOA AND OOD CASE TOOLS CONTD

• DECLARATIVE TABLES
• STATE-CHANGE DIAGRAMS
• EVENT DIAGRAMS
• TOOLS FOR DESIGNING THE GRAPHIC USER INTERFACE

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REFERENCES

• MARTIN J AND ODELL J.J, (1992). OBJECT ORIENTED
  ANALYSIS AND DESIGN. PRENTICE HALLLONDON