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European and Global Business Environment :

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Title: European and Global Business Environment :


1
European and Global Business Environment
  • Images of Demographics and Economical
    globalisation
  • Christophe Benavent
  • Professor University Paris X

2
World Modern History
3
Factors of globalisation
  • Theory of comparative advantage Ricardo) the
    non mobility hypothesis
  • Explaining International specialization
  • World as a region (Krugman) and the attraction
    law the mobility hypothesis
  • Scale economies
  • The geographical economy
  • The dynamic of innovation
  • Communication and Information no barriers to
    the diffusion of innovation
  • Joining the technology frontier ( Mass education)
  • Moving the technology frontier ( University
    education)
  • Question of externalities
  • learning externalities
  • agglomeration

4
The comparative advantage law
5
Le modèle de Tedlow (scale economy)
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10
Population density
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13
Economic Flows
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17
The triad (2000)
18
Development process
19
Situation of today
20
Toward 2025
21
Globalization - trade
  • International trade in goods, 2005
  •  China
  • Exports 476.99 Imports 451.18 Trade
    Balance 25.81 
  • European Union
  • Exports 969.28 Imports 1032.17 Trade
    Balance -62.89 
  • Japan
  • Exports 454.83 Imports 365.99 Trade
    Balance 88.84 
  • United States
  • Exports 729.54 Imports 1226.20 Trade
    Balance -496.66
  • Selon l'économiste américain Paul R. Krugman,
    quatre nouveautés majeures caractérisent
    lévolution du commerce international depuis 25
    ans.
  • Le commerce intra-branches
  • Le découpage de la production de valeur ajoutée
    en différents lieux (exemple lordinateur dont
    les composants sont fabriqués en différents
    endroits)
  • Lémergence de pays "super commerçants" dont la
    fonction principale est la vente en létat ou
    après une petite transformation (Singapour,
    Hongkong, et aussi dans une certaine mesure,
    lIrlande, la Belgique ou la Malaisie)
  • Lémergence dexportations de produits
    manufacturés venant de pays à bas salaires vers
    les pays riches.

22
A view of global trade
23
International trade
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26
But small countries are really international
27
Cost of communication
28
Diffusion of innovation and transports
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30
Income distribution world evolution
31
Some business RD effort
32
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33
Income of US Household
34
Distribution of Income for Brazil
35
Case of france
36
Case of Indonesia
37
Evolution of Inequalities in Western Countries
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39
Happiness
40
EUropean map
41
Wealth disparities
42
European budget spending 120 billions euros
43
Revenue lt1,24 GNP
44
Decision process
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