Questions About Atoms

1
Questions About Atoms

• Directions Copy into journal and answer (use
  your book if needed).
• What are the subatomic particles of an atom?
• Where are the protons located in an atom?
• What electrical charge do protons have?
• Where are neutrons located in an atom?
• What electrical charge do neutrons have?
• Where are electrons located in an atom?
• What electrical charge do electrons have?
• How does the number of protons affect the
  properties of an atom?

2
answers

• What are the subatomic particles of an atom?
  protons, neutrons, and electrons.
• Where are the protons located in an atom?
  nucleus
• What electrical charge do protons have?
  positive
• Where are the neutrons located in an atom?
  nucleus
• What electrical charge do neutrons have?
  neutral
• Where are the electrons located in an atom?
  outside
• What electrical charge do electrons have?
  negative
• How does the number of protons affect the
  properties of an atom? It identifies the atom.

3
Atomic Models in HistorySemantic Feature Map
Activity

• Copy map in your Journal.
• Using the textbooks each group will research the
  different types of atomic models and fill in the
  table.

4
Joke

• A neutron walks into a diner and orders a glass
  of orange juice at the lunch counter. When the
  waiter brings the orange juice, the neutron asks,
  How much do I owe you? The waiter replies, For
  you, no charge.

5
Matter and Atoms Overview
6
Matter

• The term matter describes all of the physical
  substances around us your table, your body, a
  pencil, water, and so forth

7
Matter

• Anything that has mass and takes up space (has
  volume)
• Made up of different kinds of atoms

8
Matter

• Includes all things that can be seen, tasted,
  smelled, or touched
• Does not include heat, sound, or light

9
Matter is made of atoms
10
Models

• Models are often used for things that are too
  small or too large to be observed or that are too
  difficult to be understood easily

11
Models

• In the case of atoms, scientists use large models
  to explain something that is very small
• Models of the atom were used to explain data or
  facts that were gathered experimentally.
• So, these models are also theories

12
Early Models of the Atom Democritus

• Universe was made of empty space and tiny bits of
  stuff
• Called these tiny bits of stuff atomos
• Atoms could not be divided

13
Early Models of the Atom Lavoisier

• Demonstrated that burning wood caused no change
  in mass
• Law of Conservation of Matter

14
Early Models of the Atom Dalton

• All elements are composed of indivisible
  particles.
• Atoms of the same element are the same
• Atoms of different elements are different.
• Compounds consisted of atoms of different
  elements combined together

15
Early Models of the AtomThomson

• Plum pudding model
• Atom made of a positively charged material with
  the negatively charged electrons scattered
  through it.

16
Early Models of the Atom Rutherford

• Mostly empty space
• Small, positive nucleus
• Contained protons
• Negative electrons scattered around the outside

17
Early Models of the Atom Bohr

• Electrons move in definite orbits around the
  nucleus

18
Early Models of the Atom Chadwick

• Discovered the neutron

19
Modern Model of the AtomThe electron cloud

• Sometimes called the wave model
• Spherical cloud of varying density
• Varying density shows where an electron is more
  or less likely to be

20
Atomic Structure

• Nucleus
• Protons
• Neutrons
• Electrons

21
Atomic Structure

• Electrons
• Tiny, very light particles
• Have a negative electrical charge (-)
• Move around the outside of the nucleus

22
Atomic Structure

• Protons
• Much larger and heavier than electrons
• Protons have a positive charge ()
• Located in the nucleus of the atom 

23
Atomic Structure

• Neutrons
• Large and heavy like protons
• Neutrons have no electrical charge
• Located in the nucleus of the atom 

24
Atomic Structure
25
Describing Atoms

• Atomic Number number of protons
• In a neutral atom, the of protons the of
  electrons

26
Describing Atoms

• Atomic Mass Number - equal to the number of
  protons plus neutrons.

27
Describing Atoms

• Atomic Weight - average mass of the naturally
  occurring isotopes of an element .