IT 332 Industrial Electronics

1
IT 332Industrial Electronics

• Lecture 1
• Thomas E. Scott, PhD
• Industrial Technology
• Ohio University

2
Overview

• Circuit
• Open/Short , Ground(Common)
• AC / DC
• Current, Voltage, Resistance, Power
• Series / Parallel
• Safety

3
Electric vs Electronic

• Electric
• usually refers to significant power levels
• produce heat, light, motion
• Electronic
• usually refers to small power levels
• contain semiconductors (transistors and
  integrated circuits), electron tubes, CRT's

4
Electric Circuit

• Source
• Switch
• Components
• Connections

5
Open/Short Circuit

• Voltage is present at an open circuit
• Disconnect
• Short circuit has zero resistance
• High current
• Limited by fuses

6
Ground

• Can be anywhere in a circuit
• Establish reference plane
• REMEMBER
• Voltage is relative

7
DC versus AC

• Electron flow in one direction
• Battery
• Rectified AC

• Electrons alternate direction
• Most common in electrical delivery
• Easiest to generate

8
AC and DC

• AC current (rms) is equivalent to DC current
• AC voltage (rms) is equivalent to DC voltage

9
Current

• Flow of Electrons
• The number of electrons passing a location (gate)
  in period of time (one second)

10
Voltage

• Potential Difference
• Electromotive force
• Difference in charge

11
Resistance

• The property of a conductor that limits or
  restricts current

12
Resistance
13
Ohms Law

• V I x R I V / R R V / I
• V
• ________________
• I x R

14
Using Ohms Law

• 1. Given a current of 4 amps and resistance of
  250 Ohms, what is the expected voltage?

15
Using Ohms Law

• 2. Given a voltage of 120 VAC and a resistance of
  3 kOhms, what is the expected current?

16
Using Ohms Law

• 3 Given a voltage of 12 VDC and a current of 0.4
  amps, what resistance is present?

17
Calculating Power

• Power is the product of current and voltage
• P I x V
• Substituting using Ohms Law
• P I x I x R I2 x R
• P ( V / R ) X V V2 / R

18
Calculating Power

• a. How much resistance does the filament of a 100
  watt light bulb have when lit?
• b. How much current flows through a 100 watt
  light bulb?
• c. How much power is dissipated if 5 volts are
  placed across a 10 kOhm resistor?

19
Electrical Power

• Power is Energy (Work) per unit time
• Electrical power is measured in watts
• Kilowatts are like horsepower
• Approximately 746 W 0.746 KW 1 HP
• Kilowatts are a measure of how much energy is
  flowing in a circuit in a period of time

20
Electrical Power Utilities

• True or False
• Electric Utilities charge their customers for
  power (kilowatts) used?
• What are kilowatt-hours (kwh) a measure of?

21
AC Power

• AC power is instantaneous
• As the current and voltage magnitude vary
• Average current (rms) and average voltage(rms)
  yield average power (rms)
• AC rms Power and DC power are EQUIVALENT

22
Series and Parallel Circuits

• Parallel Circuits
• Identical Voltage, Distributed Current

23
Series and Parallel Circuits

• Series Circuits
• Identical Current, Apportioned Voltage

24
Series and Parallel Circuits

• Circuits may contain both Series and Parallel
• Circuit analysis requires analyzing them
  separately

25
Safety
26
Multimeter

• A device used by
• Electricians
• Technicians
• Technical specialists
• To Measure electrical properties
• Voltage
• Current
• Resistance