International EOSNPP Direct Readout Meeting October 2005 National Polarorbiting Operational Environm

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International EOS/NPP Direct Readout
MeetingOctober 2005National Polar-orbiting
Operational Environmental Satellite
System(NPOESS)Direct Readout Mission
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Direct Readout Lab Roadmap to NPP and Beyond
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Data Volume Evolution
1960 - 2010
2000 - 2010
2010 2020
NPP (NPOESS Preparatory Project)
NPOESS (National Polar-orbiting Operational
Environmental Satellite System)
DMSP (Defense Meteorological Satellite Program)
POES (Polar Orbiting Operational Environmental
Satellites)
EOS (Earth Observing System)
Sensor data rate 1.5 Mbps Data latency 100-150
min. 1.7 GigaBytes per day (DMSP) 6.3
GigaBytes per day (POES)
15 Mbps sensor data rate Data latency 100-180
min. Data availability 98 Ground revisit time
12 hrs. 2.6 TeraBytes per day (EOS) 2.4
TeraBytes per day (NPP)
20 Mbps sensor data rate Data latency 28
min. Data availability 99.98 Autonomy
capability 60 days Selective encryption/deniabil
ity Ground revisit time 4-6 hrs. 8.1 TeraBytes
per day
NPOESS Satisfies Evolutionary Program Needs with
Enhanced Capabilities
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RF Communications Subsystem Overview

• SafetyNet SMD Downlink
• Ka-band, biaxial steerable spacecraft antenna
• High rate mission data and real-time and/or
  stored telemetry provided with low latency
  worldwide

• Command
• S-band, omni antenna
• Encryption/Authentication
• Telemetry
• S-band, omni antenna

• TDRS
• LEOA
• On-orbit backup

• HRD
• X-band, earth coverage spacecraft antenna
• Channel rate of 40 Mbps

• LRD
• L-band, earth coverage spacecraft antenna
• Channel rate at 7.76 Mbps

• Command and Uploads
• S-band, omni antenna
• Encryption/Authentication
• Telemetry
• S-band, omni antenna
• Both real-time and stored telemetry channels

DRR Wideband ground communications
HRD FTS Sites

• Svalbard, Norway
• Primary TC

LRD FTS Sites
C3S
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Overview Spacecraft Iso-view
S-band Antenna (Zenith)
CMIS Antenna Unit
VIIRS
SARSAT/ADCS Antenna-Rx
Altimeter CRIMSS
SESS HORUS
TSIS
ADCS Antenna-Tx
S-band Antenna (Nadir)
ATMS
CRIS
HRD Antenna
NPOESS Spacecraft (1730 Orbit Shown)
SARSAT Antenna-Tx
LRD Antenna
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HRD RF Downlink Characteristics
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HRD RF Downlink CharacteristicsCoding/Randomizati
on
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HRD EIRP vs. Nadir Angle

• Shaped beam antenna compensates for space rain
  loss variation (function of ground antenna
  elevation angle) to provide near constant PFD at
  surface of Earth

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HRD Downlink Spectral Mask

• SRRC pulse shaping provides bandwidth efficient
  spectral occupancy

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HRD Long-Term Orbit-Averaged Availability
Orbit-Average availability over any short-term
period may be different than long-term average
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LRD RF Downlink Characteristics
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LRD RF Downlink CharacteristicsCoding/Randomizati
on
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LRD EIRP vs. Nadir Angle

• Shaped beam antenna compensates for space and
  rain loss Variation (function of ground antenna
  elevation angle) to provide near constant PFD at
  surface of Earth

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LRD Downlink Spectral Mask

• SRRC pulse shaping provides bandwidth efficient
  spectral occupancy

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LRD Long-Term Orbit-Averaged Availability
Orbit-Average availability over any short-term
period may be different than long-term average
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NPOESS / NPP Sensor Manifest
1330 - NPOESS
1730 - NPOESS
2130 - NPOESS
1030 - NPP
VIIRS
VIIRS
VIIRS
VIIRS
CMIS
CMIS
CMIS
CrIS
CrIS
CrIS
ATMS
ATMS
ATMS
SESS
SESS
SESS
SS
SS
SS
SARSAT
SARSAT
SARSAT
ADCS
ADCS
CERES
ERBS
OMPS
OMPS
ALT
APS
TSIS
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LRD Data Content Balances Performance and
Provides Flexibility
Limited LRD Bandwidth
Selection of compression (61) applied to
selected VIIRS mission data for increased mission
data throughput in downlink
1330 1730
2130
VIIRS
CMIS
CrIS
Programmable LRD downlink provides flexibility
for the future
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Field Terminal Ancillary Data Approach

• Dynamic ancillary data contained within LRD and
  HRD downlinks to meet specified performance
  levels
• Data for six pressure levels from the NWP
  forecast model
• Temperature
• Humidity
• Surface pressure
• Standard pressure levels
• Wind speed, wind direction
• Precipitable water
• For SESS EDR production
• Effective sunspot number and global geomagnetic
  Kp
• NPOESS mission support data server, accessible
  via internet

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Ancillary Data DownlinkGraphical Representations

• 16 points spaced 200 kilometers apart at right
  angles to the ground track
• Completely covers the area viewed by all sensors
• Successive lines 200 kilometers apart
• Each line transmitted twice to ensure receipt by
  the ground

Path of the satellite
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(No Transcript)
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NPOESS High Rate Data (HRD)Environmental Data
Records (EDRs)
Atm Vertical Temp Profile
Cloud Top Height
Ozone Total Column/Profile
Atm Vertical Moisture Profile
Cloud Top Pressure
Precipitable Water
Cloud Top Temperature
Precipitation Type/Rate
Sea Surface Temperature
Sea Surface Winds
Downward LW Radiance (Sfc)
Pressure (Surface/Profile)
Soil Moisture
Downward SW Radiance(Sfc)
Sea Ice Characterization
Imagery
Electric Field
Sea Surface Height/Topo.
Electron Density Profile
Snow Cover/Depth
Active Fires
Aerosol Optical Thickness
Energetic Ions
Solar Irradiance
Aerosol Particle Size
Geomagnetic Field
Supra-Thermal-Auroral Part.
Aerosol Refractive Index
Ice Surface Temperature
Surface Type
Surface Wind Stress
Albedo (Surface)
In-situ Plasma Fluctuations
Auroral Boundary
In-situ Plasma Temperature
Suspended Matter
Ionospheric Scintillation
Auroral Energy Deposition
Total Water Content
Auroral Imagery
Medium Energy Charged Particles
Vegetation Index
Cloud Base Height
Land Surface Temperature
Cloud Cover/Layers
Net Heat Flux
Cloud Effective Particle Size
Net Solar Radiation (TOA)
Cloud Ice Water Path
Neutral Density Profile
Cloud Liquid Water
Ocean Color/Chlorophyll
Cloud Optical Thickness
Ocean Wave Characteristics
Cloud Particle Size/Distribution
Outgoing LW Radiation (TOA)
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NPOESS Low Rate Data (LRD)Environmental Data
Records (EDRs)
Atm Vertical Temp Profile 2
Cloud Top Height
Ozone Total Column/Profile
Atm Vertical Moisture Profile 3
Cloud Top Pressure (P)
Precipitable Water
Cloud Top Temperature
Precipitation Type/Rate
Sea Surface Temperature 8
Sea Surface Winds 4
Downward LW Radiance (Sfc)
Pressure (Surface/Profile) 7
Soil Moisture
Downward SW Radiance(Sfc)
Sea Ice Characterization
Imagery 1
Electric Field
Sea Surface Height/Topo.
Electron Density Profile
Snow Cover/Depth
Active Fires (P)
Aerosol Optical Thickness
Energetic Ions
Solar Irradiance
Aerosol Particle Size
Geomagnetic Field
Supra-Thermal-Auroral Part.
Aerosol Refractive Index
Ice Surface Temperature
Surface Type (P)
Surface Wind Stress
Albedo (Surface)
In-situ Plasma Fluctuations
Auroral Boundary
In-situ Plasma Temperature
Suspended Matter
Ionospheric Scintillation
Auroral Energy Deposition
Total Water Content
Auroral Imagery
Medium Energy Charged Particles
Vegetation Index (P)
Cloud Base Height 5
Land Surface Temperature
Cloud Cover/Layers 6
Net Heat Flux
Cloud Effective Particle Size
Net Solar Radiation (TOA)
Cloud Ice Water Path (P)
Neutral Density Profile
Cloud Liquid Water
Ocean Color/Chlorophyll
Cloud Optical Thickness
Ocean Wave Characteristics
Cloud Particle Size/Distribution
Outgoing LW Radiation (TOA)
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Field Terminal Data Flow
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Direct Readout Interfaces
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Field Terminal Data Processor Element Software
Design

• Open Systems Group standards compliance at
  interfaces minimizes configurations
• Programmable LRD downlink favors 8 Priority EDRs
• Onboard VIIRS data compression rates by APID for
  LRD
• Flexible ancillary data approach
• Dynamic ancillary data via satellite downlink
• NPOESS Mission Support Data Server via Internet
  access

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FTS EDR Performance

• HRD EDR performance
• 99 of performance attributes meet or exceed
  performance thresholds
• Latency requirements achievable with current COTS
  multiple CPU workstations
• Designed to recognize missing channels and
  ancillary data
• Lossless RICE compression on VIIRS
• LRD EDR performance
• 0.8 km resolution imagery and programmable
  downlink
• Produces 8 high priority EDRs at or near LRD
  objective levels
• Produces 15 lower priority EDRs and required
  predecessor EDRs
• Designed to recognize missing channels and
  ancillary data
• Lossless and Lossy JPEG2000 compression on
  selected APIDs

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FTS Latency Analysis for Stress-case

• FTS Latency Requirement max latency is ? 15
  minutes.
• SYS013235 SYS013230 - Field Terminal software,
  when installed on NPOESS-specified HRD field
  terminal hardware, shall produce the Imagery EDR
  in less than or equal to 2 minutes and all other
  EDRs as specified in Appendix E in less than or
  equal to 15 minutes after receipt of data from
  the FT Signal Processing Subsystem.
• A large number of factors impact FTS processing.
  
• Terrain - Land or ocean
• Day versus Night sensor characteristics
• Weather - Cloudy, Partial Cloudy, Clear
• Satellite Orbits FTS emplacement (Latitudes)
• FTS Hardware CPUs (3 GHz NPP era)

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FTS Simulation (e.g. 45N/00)1 day 15 Passes
with 3 NPOESS S/C
Contact Durations Max 13.1 mins Avg 10.5
mins Min 2 mins lt4mins 2.3
1330 1730 2130
FTS Contacts with NPOESS S/C
(1440 minutes 1 days)
Back-to-back contacts
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Back-to-back S/C Contacts

• Overlapping S/C contacts dont occur due to
  spacecraft orbital phasing.
• Smallest gap of 10.2 minutes has minimal impact
  to FTS latency.
• Above 60N there is a large increase in contacts
  and EDRs.

60N
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Orbital Position Defines Dynamic Scene Content in
Sensor Data
Orbital Position defines Sensor Nadir
NCEP Weather Data Base
Dynamic Processing
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Land/Ocean, Day/Night, and Clear/Cloudy Data

• Land has process loads comparable to ocean.
• Day data is 4x night data processing. Day-only
  algorithms are
• ACO/OCC
• Vegetation Index
• Surface Types
• Aerosols (large load)
• Surface Albedo (large load)
• Clear Data is most stressing Clear-only
  algorithms are
• ACO/OCC
• Vegetation Index
• Land/Ice Surface Sea Surface Temp
• Surface Types
• Aerosols (large load)
• Surface Albedo (large load)
• CMIS/CrIS AVT/MP (large load)
• Used Land, Day and 100 Clear data

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FTS Latency StatusAll EDRs Imagery EDR

• Comparison of 2.6 GHz and 5.0 GHz HRD Results

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NPOESS Field Terminal Segment Schedule
Build 2.3
Build 2.2
Build 2.1
Build 1.4
Build 1.3
Build 1.2
FT NPOESS FTTS, ICD FTDS CDR Version Apr 2006
Tech Specs PDR Version May 2005
FTS FAT Build 2.3 April 2009
FTS 2.2 S/W Release Oct 2008
FT NPOESS ICD PDR Version Apr 2005
FTS FAT 2.2 Sept 2008
FTS 2.3 S/W Final Release June 2009
2005
2006
2008
2009
2004
2007
2010
NPP Ground Readiness Jul 2007
NPP HRD Demo NLT April 2009
NPOESS C1 Launch Jul 2010
IDPS FAT 2.3 Feb 2009
IDPS FAT Build 2.2 May 2008
NPP Launch April 2008
PDA Mar 2005
PDR Jun 2005
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NPOESS Direct Readout Mission Points of Contact

• Direct Readout Mission POCs
• John Overton [phone]
• Bill Munley [phone]
• Joe Mulligan [phone]
• John van de Wouw [phone]
• NPOESS websites
• Http//www.npoess.noaa.Gov
• Http//npoesslib.ipo.noaa.Gov/ (electronic
  bulletin board)