NUET 1210 Introduction to Industrial Safety

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NUET 1210Introduction to Industrial Safety

• Lockout/Tagout (LOTO)
• Clearance

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Introduction

• Standard is designed to prevent the unexpected
  energization or start-up of equipment, or release
  of stored energy
• Usually applied during servicing and maintenance
  procedures
• Approximately 6 of all workplace fatalities are
  caused by unexpected energization of machines

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Types of Stored Energy

• Electrical
• Hydraulic
• Pneumatic or other high pressure air lines
• Mechanical
• Thermal (ex. hot water lines, radiation)
• Chemical (ex. chemical piping)

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When is LOTO required?

• When guards or safety devices must be removed or
  bypassed for servicing
• An operators body is in a danger zone of a
  machines operating cycle
• Setting up or adjusting equipment
• Other repairs where an employee may be injured
  due to release of stored energy

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Requirements

• Companies must have a documented energy control
  program
• Called an Energy Control Program
• Employees must be trained on the program
• Periodic inspections must be performed to insure
  that the program is being followed

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Energy Control Program
Must clearly include procedures for

• Shutting down, isolating blocking and securing
  equipment
• The placement, removal and transfer of lockout or
  tagout devices
• Testing equipment to determine if it is
  de-energized

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Employee Protection

• Tags are warning devices and do NOT provide the
  protection of locks
• The safety of a tagout system relies on employees
  following procedures
• If an energy isolating device is capable of being
  locked out, it shall utilize lockout unless the
  employer can demonstrate that the tagout system
  will provide full protection

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Employee Protection (cont)

• When tags are used instead of lock, added
  measures are needed to insure full employee
  protection
• Removing an isolating a circuit element
• Blocking a controlling circuit
• Opening an extra disconnecting device
• Removing a valve handle

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Lockout Devices

• Lockout devices shall not be used for any other
  purposes
• Shall be standardized within the facility
• Color, size, shape, etc.
• Locks should be durable to prevent their removal
  using bolt cutters or other metal cutting tools
• Shall withstand environmental conditions

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Tagout Devices

• Must be able to withstand weather conditions or
  wet and damp locations
• Will not deteriorate by chemicals
• Shall be attached using a non-reusable,
  self-interlocking and non-releasing tie with an
  unlocking strength of gt50 lbs
• Many cable ties meet this criteria
• Wire wraps do NOT

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Tagout Devices (cont)

• Shall be standardized within the facility
• Shall clearly warn against energizing the machine
  or equipment
• Do Not Start
• Do not Operate
• Do Not Energize
• Do Not Open

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Tagout Devices (cont)

• When a tagout system is used, employees must be
  trained in the limitations of tags
• Tags may invoke a false sense of security!

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Type of Employee

• Authorized Employee person who locks or tags
  out machines or equipment in order to perform
  servicing or maintenance
• Affected Employee employee whose job requires
  them to operate the machine or piece of equipment
  that is being locked or tagged out

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Application of Lock and Tag

• Devices shall be attached only by authorized
  employees
• They shall be attached to hold the device in a
  safe or off position
• Tags shall be fastened at the same point where
  the lock would have been attached

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Stored Energy

• After the device has been applied, the stored or
  residual energy shall be relieved, disconnected,
  or rendered safe
• Prior to working on the equipment, the authorized
  employee shall verify that the equipment is
  isolated and de-energized

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Removal of Lock and Tag

• Locks and tags shall be removed by the employee
  who applied the lock or tag unless
• The employee who applied the device is not at the
  facility
• All reasonable efforts have been made to contact
  the employee
• The authorized employee has knowledge that the
  device has been removed

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Removal of Lock and Tag (cont)

• Prior to removing the lock or tag, affected
  employees in the area shall be notified after the
  lock or tag has been removed and before starting
  the equipment
• Also, ensure that all non-essential items have
  been removed prior to energizing the equipment

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Group Lockout/Tagout

• A written procedure must be followed
• An authorized employee is primarily responsible
  for a set number of employees working under the
  device
• Specific procedures shall be utilized for shift
  or personnel changes
• Provision must be made for the orderly transfer
  of the device between off-going and oncoming
  employees