STOP TAKING AVOIDABLE RISKS

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STOPTAKING AVOIDABLERISKS
A Behavior Based Accident Prevention Program
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COURSE OUTLINE

• Myths vs. Truths
• Module 1 Background
• Module 2 Operational Risk Mgmt
• Module 3 Employee Training
• Module 4 Inspections
• Module 5 Accident Prevention
• Module 6 Personal Protection Equip
• Module 7 Accident Case Management
• Module 8 Motor Vehicle Case Management
• The Ten Commandments of Safety

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ATTITUDE
The longer I live, the more I realize the impact
Attitude has on life. Attitude, to me, is more
important than facts. It is more important than
the past, than education, than money, than
circumstances, than failures, than successes,
than what other people think or say or do. It is
more important than appearance, giftedness or
skill. It will make or break a company, a church,
or a home. The remarkable thing is we have a
choice everyday regarding the attitude we will
embrace. We cannot change our past, we cannot
change the fact that people will act in a certain
way, we cannot change the inevitable. The only
thing we can do is plan on the one string we
have, and that is our attitude. Life is 10 of
what happens to me and 90 how I react to itwe
are in charge of ourATTITUDE. Charles
Swindell
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MYTHS vs. TRUTHS

• Myth Safety is zero accidents and injuries
• Truth Accidents and injury statistics measure
  the aftermath of unsafe acts
• Myth Correcting unsafe conditions will
  eliminate most injuries
• Truth Most injuries result from peoples
  actions
• Myth If you create enough rules, policies and
  procedures, people wont get injured
• Truth Rules and procedures may encourage safe
  actions, but are only as effective as the
  consequence they predict

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MYTHS vs. TRUTHS

• Myth 100 Compliance 100 Safety
• Truth 100 Compliance only achieves a minimum
  acceptable standard for safety
• Myth Observation audits indicate how safely
  jobs are being performed
• Truth Observation audits only reveal
  deficiencies in employee knowledge or skill
• Myth Declining injury rates mean safety is
  improving
• Truth Declining injury rates mean fewer people
  have been reported injured (in most cases)

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MYTHS vs. TRUTHS

• Myth Stopping unsafe acts means safe acts occur
  more frequently
• Truth For safe acts to occur more frequently,
  they must be actively acknowledged and recognized
• Myth Threat of disciplinary action increases
  safe behavior
• Truth Threat of disciplinary action stops
  unsafe acts temporarily, but fosters resentment
  and negative attitudes

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MYTHS vs. TRUTHS

• Myth Properly trained people will work safely
• Truth People are well-trained when they have
  the skills and knowledge to work safely
  Training cannot change motivational factors
  associated with day-to-day tasks
• Myth Safety incentive programs reinforce safety
  behaviors and attitudes
• Truth Incentive programs often function as
  giveaways unrelated to increased safety
• From an 1996 article in Professional Safety
  Magazine. Published by Am.. Society of Safety
  Engineers

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Module 1 Background

• Supervisor Responsibility
• Employees who exercise supervisory functions
  shall, to the extent of their authority, furnish
  employees employment and a place of employment
  which are free from recognized hazards that are
  causing or are likely to cause death or serious
  physical harm. They shall also comply with
  safety and health standards applicable to their
  agency.
• OSHA 29CFR1960.9
• USDOC Safety Manual, Chapter 2, Section 6

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Module 1 Background

• Employee Responsibility
• Each employee shall comply with the standards,
  rules, regulations and orders issued by the
  agency and per Executive Order 12196. Each
  employee shall use safety equipment, personal
  protective equipment and other devices and shall
  follow procedures provided or directed by the
  agency and necessary for their protection.
• OSHA 29CFR1960.9
• USDOC Safety Manual, Chapter 2, Section 7

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Module 1 Background

• Safety Performance Evaluations for Supervisors
• - Administrators memo dated 12/02/02
• - Administrators four elements of performance
  measurements for supervisors
• Fosters a safe working environment for all
  employees, by
• Successfully completing approved workplace safety
  training.
• Promoting workplace and home safety awareness.
• Conducting and documenting monthly inspections in
  areas of responsibility (Use forms CD 573 or
  CD574)
• Ensuring that any unsafe conditions in the
  workplace are addressed in an expedient manner.

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Module 2 Operational Risk Management (ORM)

• What is ORM
• Operational Risk Management is a decision
  making tool used by workers at all levels to
  increase operational effectiveness by
  anticipating hazards and reducing the potential
  for loss, thereby increasing the probability of a
  successful operation.

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Module 2 Operational Risk Management

• Terms
• Hazard A condition with the potential to cause
  personal injury, death or property damage
• Risk An expression of possible loss in terms of
  severity and probability
• Risk Assessment Process which includes
  detecting hazards and assessing associated risks

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Module 2 Operational Risk Management

• ORM Process (A Five Point Shield)
• Identify
• Supervise Assess
• Implement
• Controls Decide

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Module 2 Operational Risk Management

• When to Apply ORM
• ORM should be applied anytime a new process which
  has a degree of hazard is going to be introduced
  into the workplace
• When a new employee is hired
• As a refresher for all employees
• The use of ORM will help reduce or eliminate the
  probability of an accident

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Module 2 ORM (STAR Observation and Tracking
forms)

• Tracking of Observations
• - Formal Observations should be recorded
• For tracking and trending of unsafe conditions or
  acts
• Supports your performance appraisal
• Forms are available through your RSM or ECSD-HQ
• (Tom Altvater, [phone] ext132).
• Email thomas.altvater_at_noaa.gov

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Module 2. ORM (Tracking Observations)

• Tracking Observations Monthly
• - This is a summary report submitted to
  management (NAO pending)
• - See example in your hand-out
• - These can be tracked on Excel or Access
• - Kept on file by supervisor

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Module 3 Employee Training

• What Training is Required
• A worksite assessment should be conducted to
  help identify the specific hazards and determine
  the type of training required
• Once training is determined, supervisors should
  take appropriate measures to ensure employees
  receive the training in accordance with USDOC
  and Line Office safety regulations
• 
  DoC Safety Manual. Chapter
  6

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Module 3 Employee Training

• Attendance Records or Rosters
• Attendance Rosters are used to help document the
  training and give proper credit to those
  receiving training
• Records should be kept for 5 years within each
  workers history jacket (OSHA requirement) and
  copies shall be made available to all employees
  upon request
• 
  DoC Safety Manual
  Chapter 6

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Module 3 Employee Training

• Safety Training for the general workforce
• - All NOAA employees should review the online
  safety awareness course (available in 2003)
• - Individual Advanced Training (job-specific)
  should be taken at the following web site
  address
• - http//www.keller-itc.com
• (Contact Tom Altvater for additional information)

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Training Topics

• Introduction to OSHA
• Aids in the Workplace
• HAZWOPER
• Asbestos Awareness
• Hearing Conservation
  
• Confined Spaces
• Drug-Free Workplace
• Personal Protective Equipment
• Blood Borne Pathogens
• Ladder Safety
• Energy Control (LO/TO)
  
• Material Handling - Construction
  

• Electrical Safety
• Ergonomics in the Office
• Respiratory Protection
• Excavations
• Scaffolding - Construction
• Fall Protection
• First Aid
• Forklift Training
• Spill Prevention
  
• Hazard Communications
• Defensive Driving

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Module 4 Inspections

• Inspecting Your Work Area
• As a supervisor you should periodically inspect
  your work spaces to ensure employee compliance
  and identify structural degradation
• Inspections allow you to identify unsafe working
  conditions or practices

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Module 4 Inspections

• Inspection Checklist
• An inspection checklist has been developed to
  help you identify specific issues (CD-574)
• A checklist includes items such as noise, indoor
  air quality, lighting, ergonomics, etc
• Contact your Regional Safety Manager for guidance
  to help you maintain compliance and provide a
  safe working environment

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Module 4 Inspections

• Inspections conducted by Regional Safety Manager
  (RSM)
• This includes periodic and follow up inspections
  to include special requests.
• Inspections by the Environmental Compliance and
  Safety Division (ECSD)
• Major inspections and special requests.

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Module 4 Inspections

• Employee Unsafe/ Unhealthful
• Working Conditions
• Management shall ensure that a mechanism which
  allows employees to report unsafe or unhealthful
  working conditions without fear of
  discrimination, restraint, interference, coercion
  or reprisal, is addressed and posted
• USUH forms (CD-351) shall be submitted directly
  to the Regional Safety Manager

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Module 5 Accident Prevention

• What is your definition of an Accident?

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Module 5 Accident Prevention

• What is an Accident
• - an unplanned event
• - an unplanned incident involving injury or
  fatality
• - a series of events culminating in an unplanned
  and unforeseen event

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Module 5 Accident Prevention

• How do Accidents occur?
• - Accidents (with or without injuries) occur
  when a series of unrelated events coincide at a
  certain time and space.
• -This can be from a few events to a series of a
  dozen or more
• (Because the coincidence of the series of events
  is a matter of luck, actual accidents only happen
  infrequently)

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Module 5 Accident Prevention

• What are unsafe acts??
• - Watch the video
• Life is for Living

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Module 5 Accident Prevention

• Why do we investigate accidents?
• - To find out what happened
• - To identify the cause(s)
• - Do NOT look for employee fault or blame!
• TO PREVENT REOCCURENCE

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Module 5 Accident Prevention

• Focus on system failure, not people
• - Accidents are usually a culmination of a
  number of events
• - Look for system failures that let this event
  happen
• - Find out how many events make up a typical
  accident, review the Fishbone process

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Module 5 Accident Prevention

• What is a Fishbone Analysis?
• - It is a visual representation of the
  individual elements that make up the series of
  events involving involving the accident/ injury
• - A process improvement analytical tool used in
  accident investigations
• - Useful in determining the path for root-cause
  by setting severity weights on each element

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Module 5 Accident Prevention
Contributing
Contributing Factors
Loss
Events

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Module 5 Accident Prevention

• Unsafe Acts
• - An unsafe act occurs in approx 85- 95 of all
  analyzed accidents with injuries
• - An unsafe act is usually the last of a series
  of events before the accident occurs (it could
  occur at any step of the event)
• - By stopping or eliminating the unsafe act, we
  can stop the accident from occurring

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Module 5 Accident Prevention

• - Although an accident could occur with the first
  unsafe act, studies have shown that between 300
  to 1000 of the same unsafe acts occur before an
  injury is sustained
• - This is mainly due to the other series of
  events that may not align

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Module 5 Accident Prevention

• Human Factors (types of unsafe acts)
• Negligence
• Anger/Temper
• Hasty Decisions
• Indifference
• Distractions

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Module 5 Accident Prevention

• Human Factors
• Curiosity
• Inadequate Instructions
• Poor Work Habits
• Over-Confidence
• Lack of Planning

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Module 5 Accident Prevention

• Reinforcing of SAFE work/ tasks
• - is as important as stopping unsafe behavior
• - must be conducted with the safety of the
  employee in mind at all times
• - sends a positive message to your workers
• - allows for employee recognition for safe
  practices

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Module 6 Personal Protective Equipment
(PPE)

• Requirements for PPE
• Have your work areas evaluated to determine the
  hazardous exposures
• Factor in engineering controls
• Implement Administrative controls
• Determine the PPE, ensure employees are trained
• Oversight/ Check for changes

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Module 7 Accident Case Management

• Initial response
• Secure the scene from existing hazards
• Seek medical attention for injured employee
• Employees shall be instructed to report all
  accidents to you immediately (unless medical
  treatment is required)
• Supervisor shall initiate a preliminary
  investigation and shall secure the area of
  accident to prevent disruption of scene
• Supervisor shall notify senior management if
  required

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Module 7 Accident Case Management

• How to investigate accidents
• Upon notification of accident, secure the scene
  for investigators
• Collect statements from witnesses
• Collect statement from injured employee (if
  possible, or upon their return from treatment)
• Document information on accident forms CD-137 and
  CA-1. If off-site medical treatment is required,
  fill out a CA-16, Authorization of Medical
  Treatment and give it to the employee for use at
  the medical facility

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Module 7 Accident Case Management

• Accident Report Forms
• A CD-137, US Department of Commerce
• CA-1/CA-2, US Department of Labor
• There are separate sections for both the employee
  and supervisor to fill out on each form
• Contact your RSM for assistance

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Module 7 Accident Case Management

• Submission of accident reports
• The original CD-137 shall be submitted to your
  Regional Safety Manager (make copies for your
  files)
• Your Original CA-1or CA-2 shall be sent to
• CCSI, L.P.
• 300 E. Royal Lane
• Irving, Texas 75039
• Attn James Gonzales [phone], ext. 394
• Email gonzaJ01_at_ccsholdings.com
• - Send copies of all CA forms to your RSM!!

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Safety Metrics FY03 (first six months)
Number of Incidences
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Safety Metrics
Mid-term FY 03 Incidents by Line Office
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Safety Metrics

• Nature of Injuries Injuries by Causes
• Strain/Repetitive 39
  Slips/Trips/Falls 37
• Contusions 24
  Material Handling 33
• Frac/Cuts/Punctures 19
  Striking/Struck by 13
• MISC (chemtox) 18
  Indoor Air Quality 9
• Injuries by Body Part
  Injuries by Case Type
• Hands/ Fingers 24
  Reportable 40
• Trunk/ Back 22
  First Aid 31
• Legs/ Hips 18
  Minor 22
• Face/ Eyes/ Head 15
  Reportable Lost Time 5
• Multiple Injuries/ Misc. 14
  Reportable Light Duty 1
• Reportable Fatality
  1

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Module 8 Motor Vehicle Case Management

• Motor Vehicle Accident Reports
• For motor vehicle accident, an SF-91 shall be
  filled out (motor vehicle accident form) and sent
  to GSA(if vehicle is GSA type)with copies to the
  ASC Vehicle Manager
• If damage occurs to a privately owned-vehicle, a
  TORT Claim form (SF-95), shall be filled out and
  submitted to the DOC, Office of General Counsel
  by the POV owner
• Contact your ASC Vehicle Manager (WASC Kris
  Byrd,
• [phone]) or RSM for assistance

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The Ten Commandments of Safety

1. Care for your workers as you would care for your
   family at home.
2. Know the rules of safety that apply to the work
   you supervise.
3. Anticipate the risks that may arise from changes
   in equipment or procedures.
4. Encourage employees to discuss with you the
   hazards of their work.
5. Follow through with recommendations and
   corrective actions.

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The Ten Commandments of Safety

• Set a good personal example.
• Investigate and analyze every accident.
• Cooperate with those in the organization who are
  concerned with workplace safety.
• Accident prevention reduces human suffering and
  loss.
• When in doubt, contact your safety representative
  or Regional Safety Manager for guidance and
  assistance.

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STARs TRAINING
Questions ??
Joe Duran Regional Safety Manager [phone]
voice [phone] fax joe.g.duran_at_noaa.gov www.
wasc.noaa.gov/services/fld/safety.htm www.ecs.noaa
.gov/safety.html