Opsendelsen

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ØRSTEDthe first Danish satellite Mogens
BlankeProfessor at Section of Automation at
Ørsted?DTU mb_at_oersted.dtu.dk
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The Ørsted Satellite

• The first Danish satellite, ØRSTED - named after
  H.C.Ørsted, who discovered electromagnetism in
  1820

• Autonomy on a small satellite mission
• Ground stations in Denmark only
• Manning during daily working hours only
  (preferred)
• Possible to implement advanced methods since we
  were in control ourselves
• Science operation in space since August 1999

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- that received the nations dedication on stamp
The real thing at test stand at Terma
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Ørsted satellite on Delta II launcher
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Delta II

• Top part of launcher is covered by fairing to
  reduce air drag and protect satellites and 2nd
  stage during launch
• Satellites are mounted on top of 2nd stage
• Secondary payloads (Ørsted and Sunsat) are
  mounted below the primary one (Argos)

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ØRSTED - launch on 23 February 1999

• 113952 Delta II lift-off.
• 114025 Speed of sound reached.
• 114038 Maximum engine power
• 114316 Main engine stops.
• 114324 1st - 2nd stages separated.
• 114329 2nd stage burn for 7min 32 s.
• 123114 2nd stage burn for 20 s.
• 123812 Argos released.

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Ørsted first hours after launch
113952 Delta II lift-off 123812 ARGOS
released 125552 2nd stage burn for 6
s. 131137 2nd stage burn for 35 s. 131952
ØRSTED released.
142152 First radio signal received in Aalborg
and København
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Detumbling Phase
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• Earths inner magnetic field
• Origin and variation of Earths B field
• Motion in conductive core creates electrical
  currents - the Geodynamo
• New Geomagnetic field model needed

• Open questions
• Magnetic North is not a point ?
• Any relations between length of day and magnetic
  field ?
• Why does the field swap with irregular 20000
  years intervals ?

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• Electrodynamic processes
• High energy particles
• Magnetic field as a shield
• Interaction of particles and field
• Magnetic anormalies

• Microsatellite (60 kg) but high quality data
• Affordable (lt 20 M Euro)
• Fast development 3 years
• Science by 65 teams
• Platform most instruments made in DK
• Unique Industry-University collaboration

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• Gondola with two main instruments, star imager
  and vector magnetometer
• Gondola is situated 6 m along a boom
• Boom deployment requires accurate stabilization
  in space.
• Boom upside-down considered a likely event after
  deployment, requires dedicated swing-up
  controller.

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What we knew from observations at the surface of
our planet
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First Science Results
Magnetic field variation over the first 6 months
in orbit show a clear change (-0.16 to 0.09)
ØRSTED orbit is polar
B field change Mar.-Sep. 1999. Courtesy N.Olsen
DSRI New International Geomagnetic Model is now
based entirely on Ørsted data
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After five years in orbit
Geomagnetic field intensity and changes over just
20 years up to 10 decrease in south athlantic
anomaly.
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A look to the interior of Planet Earth
Radial magnetic field of litospheric origin
(left) and magnetic crustal thickness (right) in
the Java trench region. Makes it possible to
follow earlier events in tectonics. Results
using combined data from Ørsted, SAC-C and Champ.