Cooling the Modern Day Wiring Closet

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Cooling the Modern Day Wiring Closet

• - Jim Magallanes, MaxPower Corporation

230 Yuma Street Denver, CO 80023877-853-8338
Phone / 303-892-6100 Faxwww.maxpowercorp.com
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Outline

• Wiring Closet General Description
• Electronic Equipment Trends
• Cooling Load
• Best Cooling Practices
• Cooling Solutions
• Extend Building Air Conditioning
• Ceiling Systems
• Mini Split Systems
• Portable Systems
• Modular Systems
• Conclusion

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Wiring Closet General Description

• Wiring Closet - Critical subsystem of a network
  environment
• Small Room with Servers/Telecom/Electrical
  Equipment/ UPS
• Floor Space is a Premium lt100 ft2
• Contents 1 3 Equipment Racks
• Heat Load per Rack 1.0 - 2.0 kW Avg.
• Typical Cooling None or Building Cooling During
  Day
• Security Medium
• Locked Door and/or Locked Cabinet
• The average wiring closet contains 150,000 -
  300,000 of equipment and a typical small server
  room often houses more than three times that
  amount. - Mitch Medford, NetBotz CTO
  August 2004

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Electronic Equipment Trends

• Power Heat
• Servers
• Smaller More Powerful
• IP VOIP Telecom Equip
• High-powered switches and equipment
• Low-powered legacy
• Requires UPS support
• Heat Electronic Equipment Problems
• Reduced Life
• Reduced Reliability
• Slower Network
• General Rule
• Every 10C temperature rise in nominal
  temperatures produces a 50 reduction in the
  lifetime and long-term reliability of IT
  hardware - MIL-HDBK 217 / Arrhenius Models

Figure Product Heat Density Chart(The Uptime
Institute - 2000)
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Cooling Load

• Determining the cooling load in a wiring closet
• Incremental load from equipment
• Nameplate rating
• Usually overstated
• ASHRAE TC 9.9 Load during operating conditions
• Not yet adopted by manufacturers
• Determine cooling load from UPS load
• Load from all equipment connected to the UPS
• Other sources of heat
• Lights/windows/outside wall/etc
• Electrical power to rejected heat conversion
• 1 kW 3,413 Btu/hr.
• 12,000 Btu/hr 1 ton of A/C

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Best Cooling Practices

• Inlet air conditions to electronic equipment
• ASHRAE Thermal Guidelines for Data Processing
  Environments
• Recommended Temperatures 68F - 77F
• Allowable Temperatures 59F 90F
• Recommended Relative Humidity (RH) 40 55
• Allowable RH 20 - 80
• Prolonged exposure of operating equipment to
  conditions outside its recommended range,
  especially approaching the extremes of the
  allowable operating environment, can result in
  decreased equipment reliability and longevity.
• Spot Cool vs. Traditional A/C
• Managing Air Movement
• Direct cold air to front of server Airflow
  Front to Back
• Telecom equipment Airflow Side to Side
• Do not cool down the entire room
• Back of the rack Up to 36F Hotter
• Use blanking panels
• Unoccupied rack space Recirculation of warm air
• Organize cabling

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Cooling Solution Wiring Closet

• Network managers will need to find the correct
  solution on cooling their wiring closet to ensure
  network reliability and safeguard equipment in
  the future
• Cooling Solutions Analysis Cool a 2.5 kW Heat
  Load
• Extend building Air Conditioning
• Ceiling Systems
• Mini Split Systems
• Portable Systems
• Modular Systems
• Use of generic rack equipment 4 post 2 Post
• No specific OEM rack cooling solution
• Liquid/Air cooled rack air conditioner
• Cooling Solutions Evaluating commercial a/c
  only
• Residential portable a/c Not applicable

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Cooling Solution Extend Building A/C

• Extend buildings cold air supply ducting
• Contractor Installation
• Extend ducting to reach closet
• Add supply diffuser cold air
• Add return grille warm air
• Rebalance a/c system
• Additional load on building a/c
• Controlling temperature
• Re-locate T-Stat into closet
• Affects temperatures in surrounding areas
• Cost Estimate
• Labor and materials to extend ducting
• 30/ft of ducting
• 400 of additional materials (diffuser/grille/etc
  )
• Controls 250

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Cooling Solutions Extend Building A/C

• Extend Building A/C 1,250
• 20 Ft Ducting 600
• 30/Ft From existing ducting to closet
• Materials 400
• Diffuser/Return Grille/Etc
• Controls 250
• T-Stat relocation

New Ducting Diffuser
ExistingDucting Diffuser
New Return Grille
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Cooling Solutions Extend Building A/C

• Pros
• Very Low Cost
• No additional mechanical equipment
• No floor space required
• Cons
• Cools only when A/C is on
• No nights or weekends cooling
• A/C system must be rebalanced
• Low airflow
• Heat problems in other building areas
• Controlling adjacent areas T-Stat in wiring
  closet
• Landlord Approval
• No Humidity Controls
• A/C Maintenance
• No Cooling / Non-Redundant System

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Cooling Solutions Ceiling Systems

• Ceiling Systems
• A ceiling system is an air conditioner that fits
  above the drop ceiling plenum.
• Engineered system for specific applications
• Packaged or split systems
• Packaged (1) component inside building
• Split Components inside and outside building
• Air-cooled/water-cooled/chilled water-cooled
  systems
• Contractor Installation
• Copper piping/electrical/mounting/condensate line
• Charges with refrigerant on-site
• Estimated Cost 9,000
• 12,000 Btu/hr System (3.5 kW) 4,500
• Installation/Engineering/Warranty 4,500

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Cooling Solutions Ceiling Systems

• Packaged Air Cooled

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Cooling Solutions Ceiling Systems

• Pros
• Highly configurable
• Packaged or Split
• Air-cooled/Water-cooled/chilled water-cooled
• No floor space required
• Multiple Options
• Humidity controls/alarms/etc
• Cons
• Very high cost
• May require outdoor heat rejection equipment
• Plenum space above ceiling is limited
• Landlord Approval
• Leasehold improvement
• Engineered for application
• Contractor installed Expensive
• Condensate removal

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Cooling Solutions Mini Split Systems

• Mini Split Systems
• Consists of 2 units connected by refrigerant
  lines
• Indoor Unit Inside the wiring closet
• Discharges cold air
• Refrigerant lines
• Transfers heat to the outdoor unit
• Outdoor Unit Outside the building
• Discharges hot air to the environment
• Contractor Installation
• Mounting/electrical/refrigerant lines/condensate
  line
• System comes with pre-charged refrigerant lines
• Estimated Cost 3,500
• 9,000 Btu/hr System (2.6 kW) 1,500
• Installation 2,000

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Cooling Solutions Mini Split Systems
Installation Guidelines
Wiring Closet
Outside Building
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Cooling Solutions Mini Split Systems

• Pros
• Low cost
• No floor space required
• No affect on buildings A/C system
• Cons
• Location Restrictions
• Maximum height difference 25 Ft
• Maximum piping length 50 Ft
• Landlord Approval
• Leasehold improvement
• No Humidity Controls
• Reliability
• Possible leaks at quick-connect
• Condensate removal

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Cooling Solutions Portable Systems

• Portable Systems
• A self contained packaged air conditioner that is
  on wheels and is easily movable to spot cool hot
  spots
• Power 115 VAC (std. outlet)
• Heat rejection Ceiling plenum
• Condensation removal
• Tank Emptying depends on humidity
• Pump Drain/sink/water line
• End-user Installation
• Connect accessories (15 20 minutes)
• Non-standard applications may require contractor
• Cost Estimate 4,175
• 10,000 Btu/hr. unit and accessories (2.9 kW)
  4,175

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Cooling Solutions Portable Systems

• Fits through standard door

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Cooling Solutions Portable Systems

• Pros
• Low cost
• Relocate unit from room to room
• Moves with tenant
• Little installation required
• No outdoor equipment
• Cons
• Floor space required
• Small heat load on buildings A/C
• Typically not a problem
• Condensate removal
• Tank or pump
• No Humidity Controls

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Cooling Solutions Modular Systems

• Modular Systems
• A self contained packaged air conditioner that
  easily adapts to several different applications
  to spot cool hot spots
• Applications Portable/hang-shelf
  mounted/rack-mounted/stack
• Power 115 VAC (std. outlet)
• Heat rejection Ceiling plenum
• Condensation removal
• Tank Emptying depends on humidity
• Pump Drain/sink/water line
• End-user Installation
• Connect accessories (20 30 minutes)
• Hanging or non-standard applications may require
  contractor
• Cost Estimate 3,950
• 10,000 Btu/hr. module and accessories (2.9 kW)
  3,950

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Cooling Solutions Modular Systems

• Stacked Application
• Add capacity as needed
• 10,000 Btu/hr. modules
• One small footprint
• Redundancy

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Cooling Solutions Modular Systems

• Rack Application
• No floor space required
• Rack space 13U

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Cooling Solutions Modular Systems

• Hanging/Shelf Application
• No floor space required

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Cooling Solutions Modular Systems

• Pros
• Low cost
• Installs in ceiling, rack, shelf, or floor
• Stackable for additional capacity or redundancy
• Relocate unit from room to room
• Moves with tenant
• Little installation required
• No outdoor equipment
• Cons
• Small heat load on buildings A/C
• Typically not a problem
• Condensate removal
• Tank or pump
• No Humidity Controls

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Cooling Solutions Comparison Chart
Cost(2.5 kW)
Ideal Wiring Closet
Comments

• Loads 0 - 3 kW
• Closet near existing ducting

• High energy system
• Works well with portable or modular

ExtendBuildingsA/C
1,250

• Loads gt 5 kW
• No Floor space
• Alarms needed

Ceiling Systems

• ROI improves when loads are above 5 kW
• Site monitoring system

9,000

• Requires specific building features for
  installation
• Cost effective solution
• Leasehold improvement

• Loads 0 8.8 kW
• Small low-rise buildings w/ close proximity to
  outside
• No floor space

Mini SplitSystems
3,500

• Cost effective solution
• Little installation required
• Moves with tenant

• Loads 0 10.5 kW
• Requires floor space
• Works with most building/room types

PortableSystems
4,175

• Loads 0 8.8 kW
• No floor space required
• Works with most building/room types
• Need provisions for warm air condensation

• Cost effective solution
• Flexible for any application
• Add capacity as you add equip
• Little installation required
• Moves with tenant

ModularSystems
3,950
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Wiring Closet Cooling Solution Conclusion

• Wiring Closet
• Dedicated a/c system
• Electronic equipment benefits
• Increased life/reliability/server speed
• Improve security with locked door
• Selecting a cooling solution
• Building structure
• Budget
• Closet requirements
• Floor space
• Location within building
• Available power
• Own/Leasehold improvement
• Insurance Policy
• Spare portable/modular for shut-downs
  (planned/unplanned)

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Cooling the Modern Day Wiring Closet

• Questions

230 Yuma Street Denver, CO 80023877-853-8338
Phone / 303-892-6100 Faxwww.maxpowercorp.com