Subjunctive Mood

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Chapter 42

• Subjunctive Mood

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Five Bits ofNomenclature for Latin Verbs
1) Person 1st, 2nd, 3rd
2) Number Singular, Plural
3) Tense Present, Imperfect, Future, Perfect,
Pluperfect, Future Perfect
4) Voice Active, Passive
5) Mood Indicative, Imperative, Infinitive,
Participle, Subjunctive
Portem 1st singular present active subjunctive
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Translation of the Subjunctive
No standard translation of the subjunctive can
be given. Jenney, p. 248
Let us rejoice. He went to the Jarvis Refectory
to eat. I urged him to be vigilant. I was afraid
that he was delaying. They learned where she had
hidden. It is raining so hard that we are going
to leave.
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The Present Subjunctive, p. 245
Note the following strategic vowel pattern
He hears a giant piano
She wears a diamond tiara
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The Present Subjunctive, p. 245
Note the following strategic vowel pattern
We beat a liar. (moralistic)
But note (i.e., memorize!) at the bottom of the
page, the irregular present subjunctive of sum.
sim simus sis sitis sit sint
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The Imperfect Subjunctive, p. 246
For every Latin verb, the present active
infinitive plus a personal ending, either active
or passive
audiret caperemus essent nuntiaretur moneremur con
sisteremini
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The Perfect Active Subjunctive, p. 246
For every Latin verb, the perfect stem (cf. p.
56), plus -eri plus a personal ending.
manserimus erraverit fueritis egerim steterint aud
iveris
manserim manseris manserit manserimus manseritis m
anserint
mansero (cf. p. 66) manseris manserit manserimus m
anseritis manserint
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The Perfect Passive Subjunctive, p. 246
For every Latin verb, the perfect passive
participle plus sim,sis,sit,simus,sitis,sint.
iuncta sit tracti simus clausum sit ducti
sint portatus sis
actus sum (cf. p. 105) actus es actus est acti
sumus acti estis acti sunt
actus sim actus sis actus sit acti simus acti
sitis acti sint
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The Pluperfect Active Subjunctive, p. 247
For every Latin verb, the perfect stem (cf. p.
56), plus isse, plus a personal ending.
habuisses monuissemus coegissem stetissetis cepiss
ent
egeram (cf. p. 66) egeras egerat egeramus egeratis
egerant
egissem egisses egisset egissemus egissetis egisse
nt
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The Pluperfect Passive Subjunctive, p. 247
For every Latin verb, the perfect passive
participle plus essem,esses,esset,essemus,essetis,
essent.
factum esset dati essemus coacti essent armatus
essem portatus esses
actus eram (cf. p. 105) actus eras actus
erat acti eramus acti eratis acti erant
actus essem actus esses actus esset acti
essemus acti essetis acti essent
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Sententiae Antiquae
Nihil est simul et inventum et perfectum. Cicero
Brutus 70 Nothing is at the same time both
discovered and finished/completed. Virtus mille
scuta Motto Courage is a thousand shields. Qui
prior strinxerit ferrum, eius victoria erit. Livy
Ab Urbe Condita 24.38 He-who first draws the
iron-sword, his will be the victory.