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• Chapter 2 Personality Assessment
• 1. 4 sources of personality data
• 2. Principles of S-O agreement
• 3. Name initials and death
• 4. Reliability and validity
• 5. Ted Bundy a case study

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Ch 2 Personality Assessment

• 4 sources of personality data

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Ch 2 Personality Assessment

• Self-report advantages

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Ch 2 Personality Assessment

• Types of self-report
• Open ended or unstructured
• Structured

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Ch 2 Personality Assessment

• Who Am I?
• Ma Schoeneman (1997)
• Among US, 17 responses mentioned social groups
  (e.g., member of school board)
• Among tribesmen in Kenya, 80
• Differences across culture

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Ch 2 Personality Assessment

• Structured self-report

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Ch 2 Personality Assessment

• Structured self-report

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Ch 2 Personality Assessment

• Observer report

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Ch 2 Personality Assessment

• Who are observers?
• Can be professionals
• Can be individuals who know the person well

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Ch 2 Personality Assessment

• E.g., Cohen Nisbett
• Confed bumps into subject, swears
• How would individuals react?
• Southern men reacted more violently

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Ch 2 Personality Assessment

• Other T-data methods
• Mechanical recording

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Ch 2 Personality Assessment

• Other T-data methods
• Physiological data

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Ch 2 Personality Assessment

• Other T-data methods
• Projective measures

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Ch 2 Personality Assessment

• Life outcomes (L-data)
• Aspects of public record
• New sources of data related to e-usage

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Ch 2 Personality Assessment

• Do S, O, T data agree?
• Funder
• Colvin
• Shedler

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Funder What types of traits lead to higher
agreement?

• Can some traits be judged easier?
• Extraversion
• Neurotic

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Funder What types of traits lead to higher
agreement?

• 100 traits
• Is cheerful
• Is defensive
• Behaves in assertive fashion

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Funder What types of traits lead to higher
agreement?

• Three people rate the same target
• 3 raters 2 kinds of agreement

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Funder What types of traits lead to higher
agreement?

• Highest (S/O or O/O agreement)
• Lowest (S/O or O/O agreement)
• What differs between high low agreement traits?

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Funder What types of traits lead to higher
agreement?

• What differs between high low agreement traits?

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Colvin Judgable people

• A judgable person?
• Amount of self-peer (S/O) agreement
• Amount of peer-peer (O/O) agreement
• Extent to which peer reports predict behavior in
  lab (O/T correlation)

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Colvin Judgable people

• Is there such a thing as a judgable person?
• S-O O-O O-T
• S-O ----- .26 .39
• O-O ----- .42
• O-T -----

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Shedler Divergence of S O

• S Data not capable of distinguishing
• Transparency (face validity) of mental health
  items

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Shedler Divergence of S O

• 3 types of people

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Shedler Divergence of S O

• Can trust S reports of distress
• Cannot trust S reports of health

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Shedler Divergence of S O

• __

Real health
S health
Low health valid High health
not valid
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Shedler Divergence of S O

• Defensive denial hypothesized costs

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Shedler Divergence of S O

• Study

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Shedler Divergence of S O

• Study

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Shedler Divergence of S O

• __

BP
Time
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Shedler Divergence of S O

• Conclusions
• 1.
• 2.
• 3.

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Shedler Divergence of S O

• Conclusions
• 4.
• 5.
• 6.

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Mortality and the power of symbols

• Just a cute little study on L data
• A.C.E., V.I.P., G.O.D., H.U.G., J.O.Y., L.O.V.,
  W.I.N., W.O.W.
• A.S.S., B.A.D., B.U.M., D.I.E., D.U.D., H.O.G.,
  I.L.L., P.I.G., R.A.T., U.G.H.

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Mortality and the power of symbols

• Christenfeld et al. (1999)

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Ch 2 Personality Assessment

• Evaluation of personality measures

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Ch 2 Personality Assessment

• Reliability

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Ch 2 Personality Assessment

• Ways to estimate reliability
• 1.
• 2.
• 3.

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Ch 2 Personality Assessment

• Validity
• the extent to which a test measures what it
  claims to measure

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Ch 2 Personality Assessment

• Face validity
• Look at the items

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Ch 2 Personality Assessment

• Predictive (or criterion) validity

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Ch 2 Personality Assessment

• Research designs

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Ch 2 Personality Assessment

• Case study method
• For famous people, this makes sense
• We want to know personality of Hitler, Gandhi, so
  forth

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Ch 2 Personality Assessment

• Case study of Ted Bundy, serial killer of women
• Life experiences

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Ch 2 Personality Assessment

• Case study of Ted Bundy, serial killer of women
• Inferred traits

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Ch 2 Personality Assessment

• Case study of Ted Bundy, serial killer of women
• Early signs

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Ch 2 Personality Assessment

• Case studies
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