EDB 566: Technological Change and Schools:

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ETE 566 Technological Change and Schools
Class Two Dr. Lih-Ching Chen Wang
Cleveland State University
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Class Agenda

• Thinking about instruction in a different way
  KG Chapter 1.
• Activities
• 1. Review Activity 1 Step 1
• 2. Review Blackboard (i.e. CE 8) to facilitate
  online interaction
• 3. Leading and participating in CE 8 online
  chapter/unit discussions
• 4. In-class Activity 1

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Any questions regarding 1. Activity 1 Step
12. Accessing/Using Blackboard (i.e. CE 8)
3. Leading/Participating in CE 8 online
chapter/unit discussions . . .
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Instructors Location

• Based on the number of classmates at each
• location
• CSU (7 classmates) 8 times
• East Center (4 classmates) 4 times
• LCCC (2 classmates) 2 times
• Online 1 time

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Introduction
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Consider 50 years ago

• Commercial TV was a novelty
• Cars were not popular yet
• Open heart surgery, organ transplants, and
  test-tube babies were still in the future

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40 years ago

• The idea of humans walking on the moon was
  science fiction
• IBM had yet to market its computer, and personal
  computers were barely imagined (In 1943, the
  president of IBM predicted a global market for
  "maybe five computers")

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Within your lifetime, we have seen the rise of

• Microwave ovens
• Automatic teller machines
• VCRs
• Music on CD, MP3 player, iPod, etc
• Movies on DVD

• Personal computers
• Digital Camera Camcorder
• Pagers, cell phones, PDA
• Wi-Fi
• IM (Instant Messenger)
• GPS, Skype, Second Life

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GPS (Global Positioning System)

• GPS is a Global Navigation Satellite System
  developed by the Department of Defense.
• In 1983, President Ronald Reagan issued a
  directive making GPS freely available for
  civilian use as a common good.
• Since then, GPS has become a widely used aid to
  navigation worldwide, and a useful tool for
• map-making (e.g. ?),
• land surveying (e.g. ?),
• commerce (e.g. wireless computing, wireless cell
  phone),
• scientific uses (e.g. study of earthquakes)
• hobbies (e.g. geocaching, an outdoor
  treasure-hunting game), etc.
• (http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gps)

Automotive navigation system in a taxicab
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Second Life

• It is a virtual world developed by Linden Lab
  that launched on June 23, 2003.
• It is accessible via the Internet for users aged
  over 18.
• It allows users to interact with each other
  through avatars.
• Users can explore, meet other residents,
  socialize, participate in individual and group
  activities, and create and trade virtual property
  and services with one another, or travel
  throughout the world.
• Teen Second Life is restricted to users aged
  between 13 and 18.
• (http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_life)

(http//fashiontech.files.wordpress.com/2008/04/my
avatar_myself.jpg)
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Lets look at a Sally Forth comic
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(No Transcript)
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(No Transcript)
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From the Information Age to the ICE Age

• ICE (Internet Changes Everything)

• Online Shopping
• Online Chatting
• Online Education
• Email (rather than snail mail)
• Telemedicine

• eCommerce
• eCommunity
• eLife
• Web cam (in day-care centers, preschool, etc.)
• Mobile technology

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And . . .

• e.nough (just a joke)
• What do they all have in common?
• (Technological change society)

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Summary (1)

• Our society is changing more quickly than we can
  follow.
• Education occurs in a sociocultural context, and
  that context influences not only what people
  teach and learn, but how.

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Summary (2)

• During this course we will consider some changes
  in society for which technology has been a major
  factor.
• This will help provide a background for
  discussions of why we need to restructure school
  with technology and of change in schools.
• How we can apply the Theory Practice to the
  Implementation in the school buildings, and to
  the Reflection of yourself, school
  administrators, and society.

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Onward into Content!(Pros Cons, and Issues)
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What are the functions of schools?

• Educate the majority to be good/healthy/effective
  citizens
• Educate citizens to prepare for the future
• Educate the community to become a harmonious
  society
• Prepare graduates to have a balanced life
• Prepare graduates to meet the work force
• (Q What is the current and future work force?)

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Our schools are microcosms of society. Our
society has been going through radical,
technology-related changes throughout our
lifetimes. The schools, conservative as always,
are simply doing what they must attempting to
catch up, so that they may continue to mirror the
society in which they function.(Q What is our
society?)
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Dramatic Societal Changes in the Last 20 years

• There are two critical changes
• Changes of the needs of the work force
• Advances in technology
• What are these?

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Changes of the Needs of the Work Force

• Industrial Age
• Remember information
• Practice skills
• Recall knowledge of facts
• Passive listener/follower

• Information Age
• Higher level thinking skills
• Collaborative problem solving
• Construct new knowledge
• Life-long learning
• Active knowledge/ creator

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Global Work Forces

• They are already divided into three groups (The
• Work of Nations, Reich, 1991)
• Routine producers (e.g. data processors)
• In-person servers (e.g. security guards)
• Symbolic analysts (e.g. management information
  specialists)
• Reich predicted that by 2020, the income of
• symbolic analysts will account for more than 60
• percent of all the income earned by Americans.

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Symbolic Analysts

• People who solve, identify, and broker problems
  by manipulating symbols which are data, words,
  oral and visual representations.
• Work alone or in small teams, which may be
  connected to larger organizations, including
  worldwide webs.
• Telecommuting Do not need to show up at the
  workplace to work. The work can be done remotely.
• Income depends on the quality, cleverness, and
  speed with which they solve, identify, or broker
  new problems.

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Work Force in the United States

• More US workforce use some type of information
  technology in their jobs. Some need retraining to
  survive.
• Do these changes in the work force
• impact schools need to restructure?
• Lets look at other changes . . .

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Dramatic Changes of Advances in Technology

• Personal computers (Internet, WWW, Virtual
  Reality)
• PDAs
• CD-ROMs
• DVD (Digital Videodisc)
• ATM (Automatic teller machines)
• Cell phones, smart phones

• VCRs (Videocassettes Recorder)
• Interactive digital TVs
• Cable Satellite
• Digital cameras/camcorders
• Text messaging applications (e.g. AIM)
• Podcasting, USB drives . . .

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Especially for Computer Technology

• Processing power
• Silicon chips, CPU performance doubles every ?
  months.
• Clock speed
• Digitization
• Everything can be translated into a common
  currency of bits and bytes (worldwide language of
  communication). More work can be shifted from
  physical to virtual.

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Especially for Computer Technology . . .
(continued)

• Networks
• LANs (Local Area Networks) and WANs (Wide Area
  Networks) will provide both local and worldwide
  universal access in super-fast speed.
• Storage
• Tremendous growth

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Implications of Advances in Technology

• These tools can be used as an instructional
  technology.
• These technologies have a tendency to increase
  performance and speed while decreasing costs.
• Technology is not only changing the way we work
  and live, but the way we teach and learn.
• (Q Do these advances in technology help
• schools restructure classrooms with technology?)

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We Need to Educate Students to Meet the Work
Force

• Manage sources
• Problem-solve
• Draw conclusions
• Ask pertinent questions

• Utilize technology
• Collaborate
• Create knowledge
• Get connected, stay connected and broaden
  cross-cultural awareness

So, we need to think about instruction in a
different way.
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Knapp Glenn Chapter 1 Think About Instruction
in a Different Way

• This country is in the middle of restructuring
  its educational system.
• Central to the process is the question Are
  todays schools preparing students for tomorrows
  changing world?

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Changes for Renewing American Education (see p.7)
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Debate of Curricula Adaptation in the
Restructured Schools

• In-depth coverage content
• Interdisciplinary teaching
• Cooperative work
• Project-based activities
• This group received
• more support

• Broad coverage content
• Subject-specific approach
• Individual work
• Practice exercises
• Result of debate

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Another Debate Can Technology Help to
Restructure Schools?

• Technologies differ among themselves with respect
  to
• the depth and quality of the information they
  provide
• the types of classroom organization needed to use
  them
• cost (money and time) and amount of integration
  needed to use them
• the flexibility with which they may be used

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Technology is complicated. So is
education.(Hold that thought . . .)
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Activity time!
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Thinking about technological change in society
and its impact on schools

• Due to advanced usage of technology in our
  society that has impacted our schools in someway,
  there exist some evidences in your school
  district (e.g. in area of teaching, learning,
  administration) of impact by recent technological
  change in society.

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Small Group Activity

• I will divide you into small groups of two or
  three people.
• In each group, please share the answers to each
  of the following questions with your group
  members
• What are examples of impact on your school
  district that were caused by recent technological
  change in society?
• Are these good signs or not regarding
  restructuring your school district with
  technology?

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Sharing Your Conclusions

• Type up the results in a word processing program
  and submit to CE 8 inside Discussions where you
  see the In-class Activity 1 Technological
  change in society and its impact on schools
  label.
• I will ask representatives from a random
  selection of small groups to share your
  conclusions.
• Do you agree with their examples?

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Class 2 Reading Assignments

• KG Chapter 2
• Class 3 PowerPoint class materials
• Preparation for the next class discussion

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Thats it for tonight!