The Mechanics Of Computers - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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The Mechanics Of Computers

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... of the use of computers in music. It components: ... Storage Stage - where devices like floppy diskettes, hard disks, and CD-ROMs saves your data. ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: The Mechanics Of Computers


1
The Mechanics Of Computers
  • The Operating System (OS) Hardware

2
Role Of The Operating System (OS)
  • During start up (booting up)
  • Diagnose internal circuits.
  • Send signals to the screen and internal sound
    card.
  • Search for any attached peripherals.
  • Load common routines for controlling the computer.

3
Role Of The OS, Cont.
  • During Operation
  • Translates keystrokes, including mouse functions,
    for the internal hardware.
  • Performs those common routines such as saving,
    printing, etc.
  • Manages your desktop to allow multiple
    applications to run simultaneously and
    communicate to each other.
  • Allows interaction and communication with
    external devices over networks, through expansion
    cards, serial and/or parallel buses, etc.

4
The Look Of The OS
  • Graphical User Interface (GUI)
  • The single reason, in my opinion, for the
    proliferation of the use of computers in music.
  • It components
  • Mouse gestures
  • Icons
  • Windows
  • Menus
  • Buttons

5
Files, Folders, and Volumes
  • Files - the smallest unit of organization (data
    structure) for which there is an icon
    representation of which there are three types
  • Applications - referred to as programs
  • Data files - created by the application
  • Resource files - special files that add
    functionality to applications
  • Folders or Directories - storage bins used to
    organized files on the computer
  • Volumes - hard drives, floppy diskettes, CD-ROMs
    and other physical mediums where all files and
    folders are stored.

6
The Four Stages To Computer Operations (IPOS)
  • Input Stage - represents those devices we use to
    get information into the computer, e.g.,
    keyboard, mouse, or MIDI keyboard.
  • Process Stage - where the central processing unit
    (CPU), memory (RAM and ROM), and timing clock
    stores the information received.
  • Output Stage - where the computer represents
    those devices used to get the information, e.g.,
    video displays, printers, speakers, etc.
  • Storage Stage - where devices like floppy
    diskettes, hard disks, and CD-ROMs saves your
    data.

7
The Main Parts Of A Computer
  • Central Processing Unit (CPU) - an electronic
    circuit referred to as the microprocessor
    integrated circuit (chip) that serves as the
    brain of the computer and coordinates the flow of
    data in and out of the computer.
  • Motherboard - the main flat plastic board on
    which the CPU chip and other electronic circuitry
    is located, including chips for memory, video,
    and sound.
  • Memory (RAM and ROM)
  • Random-Access Memory (RAM) - Memory that is
    written to by normal computer use and stored
    temporarily. Also referred to as read-and-write
    memory.
  • Read-Only Memory (ROM) - Memory that stores
    permanent instructions and programs by the
    manufacturer (called firmware) to prevent the
    possibility of it being erased.

8
The Main Parts Of A Computer, cont.
  • System Clock - a precision quartz clock that
    determine speed and rate (clock speed) at which
    instructions are processed, measured in megahertz
    (MHz) and gigahertz (GHz).
  • Interfaces -
  • Internal parallel bus which allows the CPU,
    motherboard, memory, and clock to connect and
    communicate.
  • External bus (daughter boards) - allows external
    devices to communicate with the motherboard of
    which some common types are
  • NuBus (although these have been mostly phased
    out)
  • Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI bus)
  • Personal Computer Memory Card International
    Association (PCMCIA) or PC Card, for short.
  • Keyboard, Mouse, Storage Disks, Network
    Connectors

9
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