Future Initiatives of Europe in Space

1
Future Initiatives of Europe in Space

• Andreas Diekmann
• Strategy Department, ESA, Paris
• Strategien und Visionen in der Raumfahrt
• DGAP, Berlin, 6. November 2001

2
The driver of vision

• Human society is inherently an exploration/expansi
  on society
• The need to address global challenges and
  threats e.g.
• Global change Depletion of resources
  Asteroid collision

To Mars ?
Earth
Moon
?
Ch. Darwin
C. Columbus
N. Amstrong
Cpt. Cook
To be continued
16th Century
18th Century
20th Century
3
Content

• Long-Term strategic thinking
• Report of the ESA Long-Term Space Policy
  Committee, 1999
• Investing in Space The Challenge for Europe
• Medium-term political programmatic objectives
• ESA Director Generals proposal to the
  Ministerial Council 14/15 November 2001
• Space Serving European Citizens
• (implementing the European Strategy for Space,
  2000)

4
Report of the LSPC (1999)

• LSPC
• Mandate from ESA ministers in 1995
• Composed of appointed personalities from each ESA
  Member State ( hearings of experts)
• Objective Independent long-term strategic view
  on Europe in space
• Basic assumption
• In the 21st century, an enlarged EU will want to
  play a leading political and economic role
  commensurate with its size, wealth and cultural
  heritage

5
Report of the LSPC (1999)

• 20 Recommendations on 3 challenges
• The Challenge of Independence
• The Challenge of Planetary Management
• The Challenge Beyond
• and 1 essential implementing factor Reaching Out

6
The Challenge of Independence 1. Search for
Earth-like Planets 2. Cheaper Access to Space 3.
Innovative Space Station Utilisation 4. Future
Navigation Services 5. European Space Systems for
Security and Peacekeeping 6. Creation of a
European Telecommunications Regulatory Body 7.
Small Business Innovation Initiative 8.
Micro-miniaturisation Technology Initiative
7
Cheaper access to space

• 10-30 of satellite life-cycle cost are launch
  costs
• Significant cost reduction expected from reusable
  or partly reusable systems(US target 10 times
  cheaper than Shuttle)
• Europe has gathered experience since the 80s
  (Sänger, Hermes,...)
• Today, substantial programmes on national level
  (D, I, F) amounting to 160 M

8
Future Navigation Services

• Civil aviation shorter (point-to-point) routes
  (Hongkong - London -15 fuel consumption)
• Traffic managementReduce traffic-caused
  economic damageEU (1998 data from EU, OECD)
• ? traffic jams 120 B ? car accidents 145
  B ? air pollution 25 B

9
The Challenge of Planetary Management 9. Space
Monitoring of Compliance with Environmental
Regulations 10. Disaster Warning from Space 11.
Space Weather (understanding, warning,
protection) 12. Space Debris (avoidance,
forecasting, removal) 13. Threat of Cosmic
Collision
10
Threat of Cosmic Collision

• 1 city killer every 100-300 years
• Assessment of risk and possible countermeasures
• Detection and characterisation of
  NEOs90-complete catalogue of NEOs gt100m in
  next 15 years

11
The Challenge Beyond 14. Telepresence
Demonstration Project 15. European Lunar
Initiative 16. Space Energy and Resources 17.
Weather Modification from Space
12
Reaching Out 18. European Space Education
Programme 19. Public-Awareness Initiative 20.
European Space Policy Institute
13
The Director Generals Proposal

• Policy and programmes to be decided by the
  Ministerial Council on 14/15. Nov. 2001
• Reflecting Europes ambitions to
• Preserve its cultural identity
• Become the most competitive and knowledge-based
  economy in the world
• Play a leadership role in environmental
  protection and sustainable development
• Implement a Common European Foreign and Security
  Policy
• Building on the Joint ESA-EC Strategy for Space
  endorsed by ESA and EU ministers on 16 November
  2000

14
Key political messages

• Europe to exploit space more effectively as
  instrument for European/national policies
• The public sector in Europe needs to join
  together its competencies and capacities
• Continuous public support is essential to
  preserve a strong technology base and an
  independent access to space

15
ESA-EU cooperation
Network of Centres


EU
ESA
National Agencies

• first steps
• joint strategy (ESS)
• Joint Task Force
• Galileo/GMES

first step 4 pilot networks (flight
operations project reviews space debris
testing facilities)
16
Member State contributions to ESA vs. budget for
national programmes, (2000)
F
M
D
F
I
I
Other
Contribution to ESA National programmes
Sources ESA, national space agencies, Euroconsult
17
Programmes

• The joint ESA-EC Strategy for Space called
• for strengthening 3 strategic axes
• Strengthening the foundation
• Enhancing scientific knowledge
• Reaping the benefits for markets and society

18
Programmes

• 1. Strengthening the foundation
• Ariane 5 Plus Step 3 (to meet evolving mission
  requirements and satellite masses)
• Advanced Research in Telecommunications Systems
  (ARTES) (large platform, demonstration of
  advanced technologies for multimedia and mobile
  services)

19
Programmes

• 2. Enhancing scientific knowledge
• Science Programme (safeguard/enhance wordwide
  recognised excellence)
• Earth Observation Envelope Programme (frame for
  European Earth Science from space)
• Space Station Exploitation (incl. life and
  physical sciences and applications programme)
• Aurora (space exploration preparation)

20
NEOs
Year
2002
2025
2010
2020
2030
21
Aurora - Main Phases of Human Missions to Mars
2001
2020
2030
Preparation phase (knowledge of Mars,
preparation of infrastructure) - Automatic
flights - Scientific technological missions
Robotic outpost phase
Transport and implementation of manned supporting
infrastructure
Logistic missions - Automatic flights -
Transport installation missions
Manned missions
Manned missions
Humans presence phase - Scientific
technological missions - Supply missions
Mars surface operations
22
Programmes

• 3. Reaping the benefits for markets and society
• Galileo (Europes sovereignty in safety-critical
  applications and telematic infrastructure)
• Earth Watch (in the frame of GMES operational
  missions/services for environmental monitoring,
  natural and man-made risks, security)

23
Conclusions

• Visions are needed to identify potentials and to
  set objectives
• Space is a tool to implement various policies and
  to approach new horizons
• Europe needs to join forces some objectives
  even call for worldwide cooperation
• Europes space technology base and independent
  access to space depend on public committment
• In how far Europe will realise its visions and
  potentials in space is strongly a political
  decision