Interacting with Nano Systems: Is the time right to look for new applications systematically T' Oron

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Interacting with Nano SystemsIs the time right
to look for new applications systematically?T.
Oron-Gilad P.A. Hancock University of Central
Florida

• Florida Research Consortium - Tech Transfer
  ConferenceSt. Petersburg, FloridaMay 17-18, 2004

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What is Adaptive Automation?
User Interface deals with the surface the
displays and controls
Adaptive Automation deals with the nature of the
task at hand
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Traditional Static Automation
Operator
Operator tasks
Machine tasks
Robot/Machine
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Automation induced effects on Operators

• Out of the loop - Situation Awareness
• Complacency
• Degradation of skill
• Inefficiency
• Trust

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Adaptive Automation
Operator
Tasks
Robot/Machine
The control of task demand dynamically shifts
between humans and machines
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Preliminary Framework for an AA Architecture
Environmental Variables
Knowledge Base
Operator Performance and State
Machine Performance
Strategy Reasoner Responsible for allocation And
triggering strategies
Task Allocation Policy
Operator tasks
Machine tasks
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Advantages of Adaptive Automation

• Provides the human operator with greater
  performance support when needed
• Helps the operator to remain in the
  loopContextual sensitivity is critical for
  responsive system performance
• An important countermeasure against
  automation-related monitoring inefficiency
  complacency.
• Helps prioritize different functions
• Better timing of functions

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Where is Adaptive Automation Now?

• Very advanced in the aviation domain (operator
  cocooned)
• Nuclear Power plants, and Chemical processing
  plants as well.
• Evolving in the human-robot interaction (HRI)
  domain (tele-operation)

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Relevant Research on HRI

• 2002 NRL workshop on Multi-Robot-Systems
• NRL, AF, ARL, NASA and DARPA
• Human/Robot Interaction (9 papers)
• 2003 International workshop on Multi-Robot-Systems
  
• Human-Robot Teams (4 papers)

Multi Robot Systems From Swarms to Intelligent
Automata, Volume I (2002) and Volume II (2003),
AC Schultz and LE Parker (Eds.),Kluwer Academic
Press.
HF Oriented
Human-Robot
Technical
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Characteristic of HRI relevant to Nano-robotics
Level of Interaction
Environment
Robots Physicality
Multiple robots
Scholtz (2002)
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Why NOW and why NANO?

• The way people will interact with nano-based
  applications should be addressed now, while the
  applications are still being formed.
• It is not intuitive for users to understand the
  nano-properties.
• Users will have to adapt to the new rules of use
  that differ conventional materials from
  nano-metric material.

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Why NOW and why NANO?

• The element of greatest novelty in the present
  general problem is the effecting of action at a
  distance. This is not a new problem. What has
  changed is the order of magnitude to which such a
  capacity has now increased.
• Interaction with the human controller is vital
  for the effectiveness of this technical
  innovation.

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Common Interfaces (is there one interface?)
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Target Industries

• Teleoperation
• Micro-robotics
• Nanomedicine
• Microfacories

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Potential Commercial Impact

• Custom made manufacturing systems
• Custom made medical systems
• Nano-robotics applications for manufacturing

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Future and Near Future

• Near
• Design testbeds for nano adaptive automation
• Define level of interaction/automation
• Address timing issues
• Address automation induced effect on operators
  (e.g., situation awareness and complacency)
• Future
• Generalizations that go beyond one test bed
• Guidelines and comprehensive framework for Nano
  adaptive automation

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Scientific Team MIT2 lab

• Dr. Peter Hancock - Head of Research for the MIT²
  Program
• Dr. Hancock has been continuously funded by
  extramural sources for every year of his
  professional career, including support from
  DARPA, NASA, NIH, NIA, FAA, FHWA, and the US Navy
  and the US Army.
• Dr. Hancock has numerous publications in the area
  of adaptive automation.
• The MIT² affiliate labs include
• the MURI-OPUS (operator performance under stress)
  Lab
• the Transportation Research Group (TRG)
• and the Center for Applied Human Factors in
  Aviation (CAHFA).

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Point of Contact

• Tal Oron-Gilad, PhD.
• Research Associate
• Department of Psychology and Institute for
  Simulation and Training
• University of Central Florida
• P.O.Box 161390
• Orlando FL 32816
• Tel [phone]
• Fax [phone]
• torongil_at_mail.ucf.edu