Four Types of Law Enforcement Agencies

1
Four Types of LawEnforcement Agencies

• Local
• County
• State
• Federal

2
LOCAL

• Size of departments vary from 2-30,000
  officers.
• Almost 18,000 agencies
• 559,566 officers
• Appx. 52,000 per officer / year

3
LOCAL

• Big cities pay as much as 40 more than rural
  towns.
• Columbus Police Department has approximately 400
  officers.
• Chief Ricky Boren

4
COUNTY

• Muscogee County Sheriffs Office
• Sheriff Ralph Johnson
• Sheriff run agencies serve papers, subpoenas,
  make civil arrest and run the jail.

5
COUNTY

• Full service program which provides judicial,
  correctional, and law enforcement support.
• Average pay is similar to local.

6
STATE

• Same powers as local agencies, but state-wide
  jurisdiction.
• Average pay 49,000.

7
STATE

• Usually run crime labs, assist small local
  departments in investigations and serious traffic
  accidents.

8
FIRST STATE AGENCIES

• Texas Rangers 1835.
• Massachusetts State Constables 1865.
• Arizona Rangers 1901.

9
FEDERAL LAW ENFORCEMENT

• Department of Justice
• Department of Justice
• Department of Interior
• Department of Homeland Security

10
Federal Law Enforcement

• Average pay 70,000

11
THE JUSTICE DEPARTMENT

• Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and
  Explosives (ATF)
• Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)

12
THE JUSTICE DEPARTMENT

• U. S. Marshals
• Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)

13
THE TREASURY DEPARTMENT

• Internal Revenue Service (IRS)
• Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN)

14
Department of the Interior

• US Fish and Wildlife Service
• National Park Service
• Ranger Activities Division
• U.S. Park Police

15
Homeland Security

• US Customs and Border Protection
• US Citizen and Immigration Service

16
Department of Homeland Security

• US Secret Service
• US Immigrations and Customs Enforcement (ICE)
• US Coast Guard

17
Department of Homeland Security

• Transportation Security Administration (TSA)
• Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)

18
20th CENTURY REFORM
19
WICKERSHAM COMMISSION

• Boston P.D. Strike 9/9/19.
• Hoover ordered study of criminal justice system
  on a national scale.

20
WICKERSHAMCOMMISSION

• RESULTS
• Dishonest, ineffective, inefficient, and
  incompetent

21

• EARLY 1900S
• AUGUST VOLLMER, CHIEF OF BERKELEY P.D.
• STARTED THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT BERKELEY
  SCHOOL OF CRIMINOLOGY

22

• 1960S
• GUIDELINES FOR SEARCHES
• DEMONSTRATIONS
• DRUG USE/ADDICTION
• CRIME INCREASED
• GOAL IMPROVE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POLICE AND
  THE PUBLIC

23
1970S

• Tensions with minorities, sensitivity training,
  stress management

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1970s

• Colleges adding criminal justice majors to
  curriculum therefore, highly educated recruits,
  more women and other minorities recruited to
  police work

25
1980s

• Community policing
• Unions
• End of powerful chief
• Increase in foot patrol and citizen contacts

26
1990s

• Over 17,000 law enforcement agencies
• Over 600,000 sworn officers
• Over 200,000 support civilians

27
21st CENTURY

• Super cars
• Ultra thin kevlar
• Tracking devices for pursuit
• Less than deadly force
• End of racial profiling