Hydrosphere

1
Hydrosphere

• UNIT FOUR

2
Water Cycle

• Use page 1 in your text to write in definitions
  of evaporation, condensation, precipitation and
  transpiration.

3
Activity

• On a separate sheet of paper, make a diagram of
  the water cycle (a simpler version of the graphic
  on page 2).
• Feel free to borrow my markers to make it easy
  on the eyes.

4
Water Stats

• 71 of the Earth is covered by water
• BUT, 97 of this water is saltwater.
• The other 3 is freshwater, but most of it (77)
  is frozen in glaciers and icecaps.

5
Activity

• Create a concept map/web to help you better
  visualize the distribution of water around the
  world.

6
Groundwater

• After precipitation, most water percolates
  through soil and rocks into the ground below.
• Groundwater water beneath Earths surface.
• Aquifer underground formation that contains
  groundwater.
• Important water source
• Rock, gravel, sand with spaces for water to
  accumulate.

7
Recharge Zone

• The area of surface from which water percolates
  into an aquifer is the recharge zone.
• Any pollution in RZ enters the aquifer!

8
Wells

• A hole is dug to reach GW
• Water is naturally filtered underground.
• Height changes seasonally.

9
Read the Section on Groundwater, (page 2)

• Define runoff. What is the relationship between
  groundwater and runoff?
• What is hardwater? How does it form?
• List 3 examples of how groundwater is affected by
  human activities.
• PAs groundwater quality is good. However, what
  is the explanation for decreases in sme
  contamination yet increases in others?

10
Surface Water

• Freshwater found on Earths land surface.
• Found in lakes, rivers, streams, wetlands.
• We are dependent on this for drinking water.

11
Watershed

• Area of land drained by a river.
• Amount of water varies throughout the year.
• Ex melting snow, summer rains, drought.

12
Activity

• Describe the relationship between rills, rivers,
  streams and creeks. It may be helpful for you to
  use a diagram to do this.