FANS

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FANS VENTILATION

• Basic Engineering
• 60B-108

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LTG Fans and Ventilation

• Introduce Topic
• Introduce Self

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FUNCTION OF THE VENT SYSTEM

• HABITABILITY

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LTG- Fans and Ventilation

• Habitability
• Crew physically fit, mentally alert, maintain
  proper heat balance.
• Maintain sufficient oxygen.
• Provides non-contaminated air.
• Provides for 2 scfm per person

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FUNCTION OF THE VENT SYSTEM

• HABITABILITY
• AMMUNITION PRESERVATION

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LTG - Ventilation System

• AMMUNITION PRESERVATION
• Prevents deterioration of ammunition components.
• Temperature control for electrical/electronic
  equipment..
• Prevent condensation.

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Ventilation Terms

• Air Conditioning
• Air Filtration
• Heating
• Pre-cooling

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LTG - Ventilation Systems

• Air Conditioning - The process of controlling the
  air temperature, humidity, and distribution of
  air throughout the ship.
• Air Filtration - The process of removing air
  impurities with the use of air filters.
• Heating - The process of adding heat to the air
  to maintain the desired temperature.
• Precooling - The process of cooling the weather
  supply air with cooling coils.

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Ventilation Terms

• Preheating
• Reheating
• Replenishment Air
• Ventilating

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LTG - Ventilation Systems

• Preheating - The heating of ventilation and or
  replenishment air as it is brought into the ship.
• Reheating - The heating of air supplied to a
  space or group of spaces to maintain specific
  design conditions within the space.
• Replenishment Air - Weather air that is supplied
  to spaces, compartments or recirculation systems
  to maintain acceptable air quality within the
  ship.
• Ventialting - The process of supplying air to a
  ships interior while, simultaneously,
  exhausting ships air.

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Types of Ventilation

• Natural Ventilation
• Mechanical Ventilation
• Combination of Natural and Mechanical Ventilation

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LTG - Ventilation Systems

• Natural Ventilation - the process of supplying
  air to a space by opening a hatch or door.
  HATCH/DOOR OPEN TO LET AIR FLOW
• Mechanical Ventilation - Is accomplished by using
  motor driven fans to provide air flow for the
  supply, exhaust and recirculation systems.
  FORCED AIR WITH AID OF FANS.
• Combination of Natural and Mechanical Ventilation
  Berthings use mechanical supply and natural
  exhaust. Sanitation spaces use natural supply and
  mechanical exhaust.

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Ventilation Systems

• Supply System
• Recirculation System
• Exhaust system

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LTG - Ventilation System

• Supply System - Ventilation supply systems are
  used to ventilate spaces and replenishment air to
  a/c systems.
• Recirculation Systems - Recirculation systems
  take air from ships interior spaces, filters it,
  and then heats or cools the cleaner air, as
  required, to maintain air temperature with
  desired limits.
• Exhaust Systems - Ventilation exhaust systems
  exhaust air from ventilated compartments and
  remove stale air from areas served with a/c
  recirculating systems. Exhaust may be
  accomplished either mechanically with fans, or
  naturally to the outside atmosphere.

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VENTILATION COMPONENTS

• WEATHER INTAKES
• INTAKE SCREENS
• AIRLIFT
• TOXIC GAS DAMPERS
• BLAST SHIELDS

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VENTILATION COMPONENTS

• VENTILATION CLOSURES

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LTG
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VENTILATION COMPONENTS

• VENTILAION FANS
• VANAXIAL
• TUBEAXIAL
• CENTRIFUGAL
• BRACKET
• MOTOR CONTROLLERS
• LOCAL
• REMOTE

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LTG
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TYPES OF HEATERS

• Preheaters
• Reheaters
• Convection heaters
• Unit heaters

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LTG - Ventilation Systems

• Preheater - installed near a supply system
  intake. It preheats and dehumidifies incoming
  sir, thus helping to eliminate the formation of
  condensation on the outside of supply ducting.
  The heating medium for preheating coils for FFGs
  is electricity. 2 types, steam electric.
• Reheaters - heaters that raise the temperature of
  the preheated supply or recirculating system air
  prior to entering a space or group of spaces. 2
  types, steam electric.
• Convection Heaters - are installed in the
  space, but not in the ventilation system.
• Unit Heaters - Used in large compartments (hanger
  bays, cargo handling ares) use steam or forced
  air.

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Air Conditioning Components

• Duct Cooling Coils
• Gravity Cooling Coils
• Unit Coolers

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LTG - Ventilation System

• Duct Cooling coils - Cooling coils are located in
  the air conditioning ducts near the system fan.
  The system fan moves air across the cooling coil.
  Chilled water flow to the cooling coil is
  controlled by a regulating valve using
  thermostatic switches which monitor the air
  temperature of the spaces served by the cooling
  coil.
• Gravity Cooling cools - used is spaces that are
  small and the use of other coolers would present
  a hazard. The gravity coil is designed for
  overhead mounting and uses chilled water as the
  cooling medium.
• Unit Coolers - used in isolated air conditioned
  compartments where it is impractical to install a
  recirculating system. They might be used to
  augment an existing recirculating system.

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Air Conditioning Components

• Filters
• Flame Arresters
• Ventilation Terminals

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LTG - Ventialtion Systems

• Filters - are installed to remove large particles
  from being carried through the system.
• Flame Arresters - are used to prevent possible
  flame travel though ductwork. Flame arresters are
  required only in exhaust ducts from compartments
  that contain explosive gases.
• Ventialtion Terminals - are used to evenly
  distribute the air throughout the ship and
  maintain proper back pressure so each brach of
  the supply ducting receives the same amount of
  air.

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VENTILATION SYSTEM COMPOSITION

• SUPPLY NON-AIR CONDITIONED
• SUPPLY AIR CONDITIONED
• RECIRCULATING
• EXHAUST

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LTG
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Ventilation Interlocks

• Grease Interceptor
• Battery Charging
• Halon
• Laundry Lint Filters

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LTG - Ventialtion Systems

• Ventilation Interlocks - are installed for safety
  reasons on different components within the
  ventilation system. The purpose of interlocks is
  to keep unwanted events from happening.
• Grease Interceptor Hood - removes smoke, fumes,
  and vapors during food preparation. The system
  incorporates a cleaner and a fire protection
  system. (Fire Damper, shut-off remotely or
  automatically at 250 degrees.)
• Battery Charging - Interlocks which requires that
  a system fan be operating before a piece of
  equipment can be energized or operated.
• Halon - System secures ventilation and closes
  dampers prior to release of halon.
• Laundry Lint Filters - a flow sensor is installed
  to shut down ventilation on low flow.

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VENTILATION SYSTEM OPERATIONS

• POSITIVE VENTILATION
• NEGATIVE VENTILATION
• NORMAL OPERATION
• DAMAGE CONTROL

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LTG
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DAMAGE CONTROL CLASSIFICATIONS

• WILLIAM
• CIRCLE WILLIAM
• ZEBRA
• YOKE
• X-RAY
• CIRCLE X-RAY

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FAN ROOMS

• Inspected during zone inspection.
• Kept clean and free of dirt and water on the
  deck.
• Must never be used as an office.
• Must never be used as a stowage area.

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LTG - Ventilation System
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VENTILATION CLEANING

• Vent filters must be cleaned monthly or as
  required by pms
• Ducting cleaned semi-annually or as required by
  pms

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LTG

• VENT CLEANING TOOL
• FILTER CLEANING SHOP

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FLAME ARRESTORS
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LTG

• DANGERS
• INDICATORS
• CORRECTIONS

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PROBLEMS IN VENTILATION SYSTEMS

• Dirt in the system
• Unauthorized modifications to system
• Missing or damaged sections
• Failure to maintain boundaries
• Damaged or missing insulation
• Inoperative cooling coil drains

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Study Scenarios

• As the A division officer prior to lunch, you
  decide to tour your spaces. One of the spaces
  you visit is the filter cleaning shop. In the
  shop you notice FN Jones cleaning some filters.
  What procedures do you expect to see FN Jones
  following. Also, what safety equipment, if any,
  should the FN be wearing.

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LTG -Study Scenario

• Discuss Question.

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Study Scenario

• FN Jones should be cleaning the filters with hot,
  soapy water, blowing the filter down with LP air,
  covering the inlet side with a light film of oil,
  and then setting it aside to dry.
• Ear plugs and face shields must be worn

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LTG -Study Scenario

• Discuss Question.

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Study Scenario

• During a zone inspection brief the XO stresses
  the recent problems with the ventilation system
  on board the ship. While conducting the zone
  inspection, what are some of the specific items
  you will be looking for in the ventilation
  system.

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LTG -Study Scenario

• Discuss Question.

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STUDY SCENARIO

• unauthorized modifications inop cooling coil
  drains missing/damaged sections of ducting,
  insulation and hand wheels on valves
  ventilation boundaries

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LTG -Study Scenario

• Discuss Question.