Editing

1
Editing

• The Invisible Art
• No technical glitches
• Feels natural and logical
• Good editing is unnoticed

2
Editing

• Craft
• Mastered by practice
• Art
• Intuitive
• Native ability
• Experience
• Sensitivity

3
Editing Transitions

• Cut
• Least obtrusive
• Most natural
• Fade
• Big shift
• Like curtain
• Dissolve
• Softer transition
• Relates/blends images
• Wipe
• Separates images
• Most noticeable

4
Tempo/Pace

• Relate to the emotion, intensity, complexity
• Pacing/tempo
• controls interest level
• Affects understanding
• Manipulate by
• Length of shot
• Transitions
• Watch your program

5
Time and Space

• Cinematic Time
• Only what is necessary to communicate
• Compress or expand
• Cinematic Space
• Show only what is necessary
• Cut action if unneeded

6
Information Programs

• Interest
• Clarity
• Focus
• Meaning
• Accuracy
• Visual interest
• Technical excellence
• Editor must keep ALL in mind

7
Information Programs

• Omit the bad
• Technical or performance
• Match energy in the scene
• Pace and rhythm
• Cus for energy
• Fluency
• Cut ums, you knows

8
Information Programs

• Maintain flow
• Edit pauses
• Add breaths
• Provide context
• Best content only
• Essence

9
Information Programs

• Use Head and Heart
• Engage the viewer
• Emotion
• Interesting content
• Nothing like a good story
• Tell them something clearly
• Keep them interested
• Dont break the flow
• Not just tell story.show it

10
Music

• Informs viewer
• Feeling
• Intensity
• Visceral response
• Transitions
• Establish pace, mood
• Can be a unifier

11
Tips

• Look for excess--its always there
• Look for clarity--its never there
• Make a rough
• Have others view it
• Listen to every edit in context
• Watch every edit in context
• View entire program in viewing environment

12
On Line and Off Line

• Off Line
• Lower level equipment
• Less time pressure
• Less money
• No editor needed
• Rough edit or EDL

• On Line
• High end equipment
• Pressured environment
• Very expensive
• Specialists needed
• Final program

13
Assemble Edit

• Transfers all tracks
• Video and audio
• Control track
• Breaks control track at end of edit
• Cannot edit into existing video

14
Insert Edit

• Transfers any combination of tracks
• Editor chooses
• No control track
• No break at end
• Must have blacked tape or existing program

15
Creative and Technical Editors

• Creative Editor
• Decision maker
• Aesthetics and content
• Simpler equipment
• Off-line

• Technical Editor
• Implements decisions of others
• Technical requirements
• Complex equipment
• On-line

Many times combination of technical and
creative Both must understand and respect others
craft
16
Continuity Editing

• The invisible art
• Get out of the way
• Smoothly move action
• No discontinuities
• Time
• Place
• Technical
• Made possible by field editing (shoot for edit)

17
Continuity Editing

• Overlap
• Reshoot tail end of previous shot
• Match Action
• Do it same way
• Cut on action
• Movement hides cut

18
Continuity Editing

• Maintain Screen Position
• Avoid Jump Cuts
• Consider Eyeline
• Where person looks
• Rhythm internal to scene
• Make transitions natural
• Cut best

19
Directional Continuity

• Maintain Screen Direction between shots
• Movement same direction (axis)
• Let talent leave and enter frame
• Enter one side, leave other
• Leave one side, enter other

20
Technical Continuity

• Exposure
• Color
• Contrast
• Voice quality/timbre
• Audio levels
• Background sound
• Check every edit

21
Continuum of Intensity

• WS--establish, setting,minimal detail,
  context-low intensity (enter room)
• MS--relationships, add detail, build intensity
  (normal conversation)
• CU--focus attention, detail, maximize intensity
  (intense conversation)

How we view the world
22
Use of WS-MS-CU

• Depends on
• Personal preference
• Nature of action and location
• Emphasis
• Not inflexible
• Vary for effect
• Rhythm
• style

23
Medium Shot as Transition

• Not directly to CU
• We move gradually closer
• Gentle intensification
• Parallels real world

24
Reestablish

• Real world we reorient
• Eye quickly looks around
• Viewer is not there
• Needs clues
• Someone new enters scene
• Reestablish by pulling back
• Person enters from somewhere

25
Cut ins--Cutaways

• Cut in
• Cuts into main action
• MS-CU guitar fingers
• Cutaway
• Cuts to related action or image
• Audience in concert
• Relationship clear

26
Complexity/Dynamic Editing

• Impact through editing
• Continuity not necessary
• Often discontinuous in time/space
• External rhythm
• Music
• Montage