Dissociative and Personality Disorders Module 49

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Dissociative and Personality DisordersModule 49
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Psychological Disorders

• Mood Disorders
• Major Depressive Disorders
• Bipolar Disorder
• Explaining Mood Disorders
• Personality Disorders

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Dissociative Disorder

• Conscious awareness becomes separated
  (dissociated) from previous memories, thoughts,
  and feelings.

Symptoms

1. Sense of being unreal.

2. Being separated from the body.
3. Watching themselves as in a movie.
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Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

• Is a disorder in which a person exhibits two or
  more distinct and alternating personalities
  formerly called multiple personality disorder.

The Three Faces of Eve
Lois Bernstein/ Gamma Liason
Chris Sizemore (DID)
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DID Critics

• Critics argue that diagnosis of DID has increased
  in the late 20th century. Also DID has not been
  found in other countries.

Critics Arguments

1. Role-playing by people open to therapists
   suggestion.

2. Learned response that reinforces reductions in
anxiety.
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Personality Disorders

• Characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior
  patterns that impair social functioning.

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Antisocial Personality Disorder

• Disorder in which the person (usually men)
  exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing,
  even towards friends and family members. Formerly
  called sociopath or psychopath.

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Understanding Antisocial Personality Disorder

• Like mood disorders and schizophrenia, antisocial
  personality disorder has biological and
  psychological reasons.
• Youngsters before committing crime respond with
  lower levels of stress hormones than do others
  their age.

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Understanding Antisocial Personality Disorder

• PET scans of 41 murderers revealed reduced
  activity in the frontal lobes. In a follow-up
  study repeat offenders had 11 less frontal lobe
  compared to normals (Raine et al., 1999 2000).

Courtesy of Adrian Raine, University of Southern
California
Normal
Murderer
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Understanding Antisocial Personality Disorder

• Probability of crime increases twice as much when
  childhood poverty is compounded with peri-natal
  (birth) complications