The Transient Radio Sky Astrophysical and Artificial

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C.Carilli, AUI Board October 2006

• ISAC-run three year process Quantified
  experiments for future large area cm telescopes
• 50 chapters, 90 authors, 25 theorists

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Key Science Projects (i) Address key questions,
(ii) Unique role of radio, or complementary but
critical, (iii) Excites broad community
Cosmic reionization and first light
HI continuum survey galaxy evolution and dark
energy
Cosmic magnetism origin and evolution
Strong field tests of GR using pulsars
Cradle of Life Terrestrial planet formation
astrobiology SETI
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KSP I Cosmic magnetism -- Origin, Structure,
Evolution

• Experiment All Sky Polarization/Rotation
  measure survey (s ? 0.1 µJy at 1.4GHz) -- 2e7
  RMs, spaced by 90" (vs. 1500 currently)

Currently 300 local pulsar RMs
SKA 2e4 pulsars
2. Nearby galaxies SynchrotronRMs test dynamo
models 3. Distant radio galaxies Intercluster
magnetic fields 4. Ly-a absorbers galaxian
magnetic field evolution over cosmic time 5.
Cosmic web the magnetized intergalactic medium
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KSP II Galaxy evolution and dark energy
Experiment All sky HI line continuum survey
-- 1e9 Galaxies in HI out to z1.5
1e4/deg2 in HI to z0.5 to 1.5
Goal 1 Galaxy evolution conversion gas to stars
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Goal 2 SKA as Dark Energy Machine DE EoS w
P/? -1? Func(z)? Baryon Oscillations Weak
lensing Evolution of LSS -- standard ruler
SKA variance limited
SKA measure w(z) to few
w(z) w0 w1 z
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KSP III Study of Cosmic reionization and first
light The last unexplored phase of cosmic
evolution (0.1 to 1Gyr after BB)
Experiment Imaging 3D tomography of IGM in HI
21cm line Richest of all cosmological data sets
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7.6
z12 (109MHz)
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SDSS J11485251 Observing first light at radio
wavelengths
J1148 VLA CO 3-2 at 45GHz
z6.42 t_univ0.87 Gyr
50K
Fan
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• 1e9 M_sun in dust, 1e10 M_sun in mol. gas gt
• Hyper luminous IR galaxy (FIR 1e13 L_sun) SFR
  1e3 M_sun/yr ?
• Coeval formation of SMBH/galaxy?
• Dust formation by massive stars?
• Break-down of M-? relation at high z?

• Early enrichment of heavy elements (z_sf gt 8)
• Integration times hours to days on HLIRGs

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Complementarity
Mol. Gas, dust
SKA
Stars, ionized gas
AGN, star formation Low order mol. lines
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KSP IV Gravity Beyond Einstein Experiment 2e4
Galactic pulsars
Strong field GR tests using pulsar-black hole
binaries
Pulsar Timing Array most sensitive gravity wave
detector for SMBH binaries
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KSP V Cradle of life

• Terrestrial planet formation disks and gaps on
  sub-AU scales (complementary with ALMA).
• Prebiotic large molecules (abiotic amino acids)
• Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence
  leakage radiation (interstellar TV)

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• All require sensitivity A/T gt 1e4 m2/K
• Most require frequencies gt 10 GHz
• Many require gt 1deg2 FoV at 1.4 GHz
• Some require gt 1000 km baselines
• A few require multibeaming

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END
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• Pathfinders
• Freq (GHz)
  Year Focus
• EVLA I 0.3 50
  2012 Broad, thermal
• eMERLIN 1 30
  2010 High resolution
• ATA 1 10
  2008? Wide fields
• DSN 8, 32
  2010? Telemetry
• LWA 0.030.08
  2009 Low freq window
• LOFAR 0.08 0.3
  2009 EoR
• MWAd 0.1 0.3
  2009 EoR
• PAPER 0.1 0.2
  2008 EoR
• SKADS (europe) 0.1 25 2015
  HI survey (aperture array)
• xNTD (Oz) 0.7 1.4
  2010 HI survey (FPA)
• South Africa 0.7 1.4
  2010 HI Survey (FPA)
• SKA-TDP (USA) 0.3 25 2010
  Nd

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Goal 4 Hubble constant through direct
measurement Water Maser Disks (Greenhill)

• Future 1 measures of CMB and related require 1
  measure of Ho for fully constrained cosmological
  parameters covariance
• Water masers disks into the Hubble flow can
  provide direct measure of Ho to 1

dh
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Case for frequencies up to 45 GHz Thermal objects
Rayleigh-Jeans curve implies thermal objects are
a factor four stronger (in Jy) at 45GHz relative
to 22 GHz gt a 10 demonstrator becomes 40
of the SKA
10 demonstrator