Cellular Respiration and ATP

1
Cellular Respirationand ATP

• Chapter 7
• Chapter 3 (page 54)

2
Harvesting Chemical Energy

• Most foods contain usable energy stored in
  complex organic molecules.
• All cells break down organic compounds into
  simple molecules, a process that releases the
  energy to power cellular activities

3
Cellular Respiration

• Cellular Respirationcells make ATP by breaking
  down organic compounds
• Both heterotrophs AND autotrophs must use
  cellular respiration
• Two types of cellular respiration
• Aerobicoccurs in the presence of oxygen
• Anaerobicoccurs when no oxygen is present

4
Overview of Cellular Respiration

• Occurs in the mitochondria
• C6H12O6 6O2 ? 6CO2 6H2O ATP
• First stage is Glycolysis
• Occurs whether O2 is present or absent
• Glucose is broken into 2 pyruvic acids and 2 ATP
  are made
• THE NEXT STAGES DEPEND UPON O2

5
Glucose
Glycolysis
No O2
O2
Pyruvic acid
Krebs Cycle
Alcoholic Ferm.
Lactic Acid Ferm.
ETC
6
If no O2 is present

• Fermentation occurs
• Respiration without oxygen
• Two Types of Fermentation
• Lactic acid fermentation
• Alcoholic fermentation

7
LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION

• Glucose ? lactic acid 2 ATP
• Occurs mainly in animal muscle cells and some
  bacteria
• A build up of lactic acid is what makes muscles
  sore.

8
ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION

• Glucose ? alcohol CO2 2 ATP
• Occurs in yeast and some bacteria
• CO2 makes bread rise and beer bubble

9
If O2 is present

• CELLULAR RESPIRATION--THREE STAGES
• Glycolysis splits glucose in half
• Krebs cycle releases carbon dioxide
• Electron transport chain produces lots (36-38)
  ATP and releases water

10
TWO TYPES OF RESPIRATION