SOHO

1
SOHO

• Joseph B. Gurman
• US Project Scientist for SOHO
• NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
• Philip H. Scherrer
• Principal Investigator, MDI
• Stanford University
• Bernhard Fleck
• European Project Scientist for SOHO
• ESA

2
Updates to proposal

• Science
• farside imaging
• magnetoconvection / solar wind / coronal heating
• Great Observatory support
• Publications
• refereed
• theses
• notable/impact
• Public affairs

3
Science update farside imaging 2000

• Original method field of view farside center
  45º
• Uses information from two skips each way (near
  to far side and back)

4
Science update farside imaging 2005
? New method gives nearly complete
nearside/farside maps

• Uses one skip out, 3 back plus 3 skips out, one
  back to add annulus from a few degrees on
  nearside to 45 onto the farside, then combined
  with original method
• Also smooths the complex components of phase,
  rather than the angles

5
Science update Can the magnetic carpet
accelerate the solar wind as well as heat the
corona?

• McIntosh et al. (submitted to Science) have
  compared SUMER Si II (2x104 K), C IV (105 K), and
  Ne VII (7.5 x 105 K) intensities and Doppler
  shifts in quiet Sun and beneath coronal holes
• Observations interpreted as reconnection along
  supergranular boundaries

6
SOHO plays an integral rolein the Great
Observatory (I)

• 239 coordinated observations (Joint Observing
  Programs, campaigns, intercalibrations) in 2003 -
  2005
• 140 involving spacecraft other than SOHO
• 90 involving groundbased observatories
• only 73 involving only SOHO instruments
• gt 2/3 of all coordinated observations involved
  other facilities

7
SOHO plays an integral rolein the Great
Observatory (II)

• Mean number of hours per day at least one SOHO
  instrument is involved in a coordinated
  observation

8
Refereed publications update

• 2003 - 2005 total now exceeds 2,300
• Also over 2,300 individual authors

9
Theses update

• 40 Ph.D. theses in the last three years
• Geographical distribution of Ph.D. theses, 2003 -
  2005 US (11), Germany and France (8 each), UK
  (4), Turkey (3), Spain, Switzerland (2 each),
  Norway, Russia (1 each)
• In addition, a B.Sc., several Masters, and two
  habilitations

Year Number of Ph.D. Theses
1996 8
1997 8
1998 18
1999 24
2000 10
2001 19
2002 5
2003 10
2004 14
2005 16
Total 132
10
Notable Publications

• Moran and Davila 2004, Science, 305, 66 3-D pB
  imaging of CME's
• Foukal, North, and Wigley 2004, Science, 306
  (5693), 68 Limit on solar "forcing" of
  historical terrestrial climate
• Lallement et al. 2005, Science, 307 (5714), 1447
  Interstellar "compass" from different directions
  of H and He flow
• Tu et al. 2005, Science, 308, 519 Origin of
  solar wind in coronal hole magnetic funnels
• Prangé et al. 2004, Nature, 432, 78 Tracing a
  CME/ICME from the Sun (2000 November 8) to Saturn
  (Saturnian aurorae 2000 December 7 - 8)
• Kohl et al., 2005, AA, in press Review of UV
  spectroscopy of the extended solar corona (121
  pp.)

11
Press/Web Releases (2003 Q2-Q4)

• 2003 June "Comet Survivors" (sungrazing comet
  tails survive after disapperance of nuclei)
• 2003 September SOHO wins Laurel for Team
  Achievement award of IAA
• 2003 October 15 "Eight Years of Spectacular
  Solar Gazing"
• 2003 October 23 "SOHO Spots Jupiter-Sized
  Sunspot and Earth-Directed Flares"
• 2003 October 29 "Tuesday/Wednesday Solar Punch"
  (X17 flare, CME, proton, SEP event)
• 2003 October - November NASA TV "Solar Storm"
  videos --- video monitoring service wanted to
  raise NASA's rates
• 2003 November 4 "Space Weather Gone Crazy --
  Another Historic Flare"
• 2003 November 19 "Sun Sheds Skin and Flips"
  (polarity reversal and CME distribution)
• 2003 November 21 "SOHO tracks recent stormy
  regions on Sun's far side as they turn for second
  shot at earth"

12
Press/Web Releases (2004)

• 2004 March 15 "SOHO Spots a Prominent
  Prominence" (large eruptive)
• 2004 April 15 "New Comet to Make Internet
  Appearance" (Comet Bradfield)
• 2004 July 1 "First 3D View of Solar Eruptions"
  (pB CME results)
• 2004 July 22 "Sunspot Now Size of 20 Earths"
• 2004 November 10 "An Unusual Light Show" (CME
  and aurorae)

13
Press/Web Releases (2005)

• 2005 April 24 "Join in the Search for SOHO's
  1,000th Comet" (Comet contest)
• 2005 May 19 "Deep Roots of the Solar Wind"
  (SOHO/TRACE result)
• 2005 May 24 "Highlights from NASA's Sun-Solar
  System Connection"
• 2005 May 24 "Solar 'Fireworks' Signal New Space
  Weather Mystery" (2005 January 20 events)
• 2005 May 31 "Solar Cloud on a Sunny Day"
• 2005 August 17 "History's Greatest Comet Hunter
  Discovers 1,000th Comet"
• 2005 August 23 "Double Solar Flare"
• 2005 September 12 "Huge Solar Flares Continue"
  (no current SOHO imagery)

14
Backup slides follow
15
Coronal tomography three vs. two views

• Assume a flux-rope CME model how does it look to
  three coronagraphs?
• Two in ecliptic, one over pole

Original Reconstruction
16
Coronal tomography three vs. two views

• Assume a flux-rope CME model how does it look to
  three coronagraphs?
• All three in ecliptic

Original Reconstruction
17
Coronal tomography three vs. two views

• Assume a flux-rope CME model how does it look to
  just two coronagraphs?

Original Reconstruction
18
Supergranules and Doppler shifts

• Ne VII blueshifts overly C IV blueshifts only at
  supergranular boundaries
• These coincident upflows occur only in coronal
  holes
• Conclusion reconnection to open field lines
  within coronal holes conducive to outflow in
  closed-field regions, to heating

19
Lies, Damn Lies, Statistics, Web Statistics

• SOHO Website typically 0.35 - 0.70 Tbyte week -1
  of traffic up to 2.6 Tbyte week -1 during 2003
  October - November events
• SDAC Website 0.10 Tbyte week -1, mostly SOHO
  images and data (both Websites hit by lots of
  bots)
• Stanford MDI Website 5 Tbyte of data in the
  last year
• EIT Web catalog/ftp interface 1.5 Tbyte of
  data so far this year

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Consumables power
21
Consumables fuel
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