Distribution of water and trace gases in Jupiters stratosphere

1
Distribution of water and trace gases in
Jupiters stratosphere

• Paul Hartogh et al.
• MPS Lindau .

2
(No Transcript)
3
Origin of external water in outer planets

• Complementary to Juno mission (microwave
  instrument sounds internal water)
• External sources required in order to explain the
  column amount found by ISO
• Permanent Interplanetary Dust Particle flux
  (IDP)
• Local sources (interaction with rings,
  satellites)
• cometary collisions
• Interaction with Jupters environment impacts on
  production mechanism of dust, transport and
  ionization of gas/solid material in planetary
  magnetospheres, frequency of cometary collision
  events.

4
Science Goals of the Program (1)

• Highly accurate 3-d determination of water
  distribution in Jupiters stratosphere
• ltlatitudinal distribution of water at Jupiter gt
  _at_ poles ? source high lat. satellites connected
  via magnetic field
• Get isotopic ratios of oxygen and hydrogen
  (latter with help of ALMA, since H/D 40000

5
Science Goals of the Program (2)

• Chemistry of Jupiter's stratosphere Line survey
  discovery of minor constituents and their 3-d
  distribution.
• Dynamic and transport (direct measurements of
  temperature and wind)

6
Herschel Space Observatory
7
MIRO
Launched 03/04 First Spectra 05/04 Earth flyby
04-Mar-05 mesospheric water vap. Mars flyby Feb
07 wv-and wv-isotopes profiles Other molecules
ammonia, methane, carbon monoxide (comets)
8
MIME, MAMBO, SWI

• MIME Microwave Investigation for Mars Express
• MAMBO Mars ATmospheric Microwave Brightness
  Observer
• SWI Submillimeter Wave Instrument

Small Instruments 5-18 kg, telescope 7-30 cm,
frequency 520-680 GHz Sensitivity 50 x quantum
noise Spectral resolution 10-7 Special
feature 10000 times higher water vapor
sensitivity then PFD
Mars Science Altitude profiles of water and its
isotopes, winds, minor species, line surveys (new
molecules). Global coverage Altitude range
0-130 km (nadir and limb sounding) Altitude
resolution 3 km Horizontal resolution (LMO)
typically 5-50 km Important inputs for water
cycle, general circulation, planetary and gravity
waves, chemistry, cloud formation, diurnal tides,
search of biotic molecules, find indications if
Mars is volcanically or biologically alive
9
(SWI) Submm Wave Instrument
10
Summary

• ISO found external water in outer planets
  stratospheres (columns)
• Several possible sources. Main source not
  identified yet
• Herschel will provide globally averaged vertical
  profiles
• An orbiter mission with THz sounder would provide
  3-dimensional highly resolved maps of water
  vapour in Jupiters stratosphere and thus provide
  the essential information in order to identify
  the source(s) and the interaction of Jupiters
  atmosphere with its environment (rings,
  satellites, comets, IDP).
• The extremely high sensitivity of a THz sounder
  makes it an ideal instrument for molecular
  surveys. 3-d maps of trace gases would be a
  quantum leap in the understanding of Jupiters
  atmospheric chemistry.