What is Disaster Management

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What is Disaster Management?
Can a disaster be managed at all?
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a situation or event, which overwhelms local
capacity, necessitating a request to national or
international level for external assistance an
unforeseen and often sudden event that causes
great damage, destruction and human suffering.
Centre for the Epidemiology of Disasters,
Brussels
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Disaster definition, continued 10 or more
people reported killed 100 people reported
affected Declaration of a state of emergency Call
for international assistance
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Though often caused by nature, disasters can have
human origins. Wars and civil disturbances that
destroy homelands and displace people are
included among the causes of disasters.
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Other causes can be building collapse, blizzard,
drought, epidemic, earthquake, explosion, fire,
flood, hazardous material or transportation
incident (such as a chemical spill), hurricane,
nuclear incident, tornado, or volcano.
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All Hazards Approach An integrated hazard
management strategy that incorporates planning
for and consideration of all potential natural
and technological hazards
IMPLICATION MULTI-DISCIPLINARITY
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Disaster
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Disaster
IMPLICATION MULTISECTORAL INVOLVEMENT
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If we hope to manage disaster, we must DO
something.. But what is it that must be done?
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Three components/strategies Risk
Identification Risk Reduction Disaster Response
and Recovery
Omar D. Cardona, Conceptual Framework for
Integrated Management, Universidad Nacional de
Colombia, IADB
Full text on eCourse website
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RISK HAZARD X VULNERABILITY
Risk is comprised of two elements a potential
damaging event, phenomenon or human activity
HAZARD and the degree of susceptibility of the
elements exposed to damage - VULNERABILITY
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Risk Identification Understanding the Nature of
Hazards Objective component natural and
physical science-based processes of discovery,
and empirical theory-building Leads to the
possibility of Prediction, Monitoring, Early
Warning Understanding the Nature of
Vulnerabilities Subjective component social
science-based processes aimed at uncovering the
context of differential exposure to harms Leads
to the possibility of informed intervention
KEY CONTRIBUTION KNOWLEDGE GENERATION
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Full text on eCourse website
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http//www.ehs.unu.edu/index.php
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Risk Reduction Focused on Prevention and
Mitigation Development and Implementation of
Policy, Regulations, Standards Land Use Planning,
Zoning, Building Codes, Structural Best
Practices Preparedness Planning, Investment
Decision-making, Institutional frameworks and
systems Education/training, Public awareness
KEY CONTRIBUTION LINKING KNOWLEDGE TO ACTION
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Disaster Response and Recovery Consequence
Management Focused on relatively narrow window
post-event (c.f., chronic disaster
zones) Focused on triage, stabilization,
bridging back to normal state
KEY CONTRIBUTION ALLEVIATING EXISTING HARMS
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Dore and Etkin, in Pelling, 2003, at p.76
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from International Disaster Reduction Conference
Davos, Switzerland August 2006 Dr. Koko
Warner
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Villagran de Leon, p. 17
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NATURAL HAZARDS, TSUNAMI SCIENCE, VOLCANOLOGY,
SEISMOLOGY, HYDROLOGY
HAZARD MONITORING, REMOTE SENSING
GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS EARLY WARNING
TECHNOLOGIES
DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANNING PUBLIC AWARENESS AND
EDUCATION RISK ASSESSMENT
DISASTER PREPAREDNESS
EMERGENCY MEDICINE HUMANITARTIAN
ASSISTANCE PUBLIC HEALTH HUMAN NUTRITION REFUGEE
AND HUMANITARIAN LAW
METEOROLOGY CLIMATOLOGY ECOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY AND
MARINE SCIENCES EARTH OBSERVING TECHNOLOGIES
ADAPTATION TO ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE
DISASTER RESPONSE
RISK REDUCTION
DISASTER RECOVERY
DEVELOPMENT
SOCIAL WORK PUBLIC HEALTH ENGINEERING TOURISM AS
TOOL FOR POVERTY REDUCTION AGRICULTURAL
REHABILITATION ENVIRONMENTAL RESTORATION
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AGRICULTURE AND NATURAL
RESOURCES MANAGEMENT SOCIAL, CULTURAL AND
POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC ANALYSIS LAW BUSINE
SS RISK ANALYSIS
DISASTER MITIGATION
Hazards and Disaster related interest areas at UH
Manoa
ENGINEERING, BUILDING CODES ARCHITECTURE, LAND
USE PLANNING COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT
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If Disaster Management can be seen as having one
primary goal, it must be advancing resilience.
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Pau