Nervous System II

1
Nervous System II

• April 26, 2007
• BIOL 203
• Karen Kraus

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The Potential of Nerves

• Resting potential
• Graded potential
• Action potential

3
Beauty Sleep

• Resting membrane potential
• Sodium and potassium
• Differential permeability
• Sodium-potassium pump

4
Potential signal

• Depolarization
• Hyperpolarization

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GPA

• Graded potential
• Generator potential
• Postsynaptic potential

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Action figures

• Action potential
• Axonal event
• Certain conditions must be met
• Depolarization at hillock
• Threshold stimulus

7
Lights Camera

• Resting state
• Depolarization
• Repolarization
• Undershoot (Hyperpolarization)

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More Action

• Propagation
• Absolute refractory period
• Relative refractory period
• Velocity
• Axon diameter
• Myelin sheath

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Saltatory Conduction

• Nodes
• Multiple sclerosis

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Jumping the Gap

• Axodendritic and axosomatic
• Axoaxonic
• Dendrodendritic
• Dendrosomatic
• Electrical synapse gap junction
• Chemical synapse neurotransmitters

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Synaptic Structure

• Presynaptic neuron
• Neurotransmitter
• Synaptic vesicles
• Synaptic cleft
• Postsynaptic neuron
• Postsynaptic receptor

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Stop it!

• Enzymatic degradation
• Reuptake by astrocytes or presynaptic terminal
• Diffusion

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ESPP?

• Excitatory vs. inhibitory effects
• IPSP inhibitory post synaptic potential
• EPSP excitatory post synaptic potential

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Integration

• Summation
• Temporal
• Spatial
• Presynaptic inhibition
• Axoaxonic synapse
• Neuromodulation
• Convergence vs. Divergence

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Neurotransmission

• Chemical classification
• Acetylcholine
• Biogenic amines
• Amino acids
• Peptides
• Novel messengers

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Functional neurotransmission

• Functional classification
• Effects excitatory and/or inhibitory
• Mechanism of action direct or indirect