1. ???? (Species) ?????????????? - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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1. ???? (Species) ??????????????

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??????????????????????. ???????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????? ... ????????????? 60-65% ?????????????????????? lope (?????? 2-5 lope) ??????????? ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: 1. ???? (Species) ??????????????


1
??????????????????????
  • ????????????????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????
  • 1. ???? (Species) ??????????????
  • 2. ????????? (Race)
  • 3. ???????? (Individual) - ??? ????
    ????????? ??????????????????????????
  • ????????????????
    ??????????????????
  • 4. ????????????????????
  • - ?????????????? ??????? ????? ??????
    ????? ???
  • - ???????????????? ???????? ???????
    ???????? ????-?????
  • 5. ??????????????????????????

2
??????????? (Immune)
  • ????????????????????????????? ???????????????????
    ?????????????????????????? ???????? (Antigen)
    ???????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????????????????????
  • 1. ??????????????????????????????????????
    (Defense)
  • 2. ????????????????????????????????????
    (Homeostasis)
  • 3. ????????????????????????????????????????????
    (Surveillance)

3
????????????????????
  • ??????????????????? (Active immunity)
  • ??????????????????? (Passive immunity)

4
???????????????????
  • - ???????????????????????????????? (Cellular
    immunity)
  • - ????????????????????????????????? (Humoral
    immunity)

5
????????????????????????????????
  • Hemocytoblast (Hematopoetic stem
    cell)?????????????????????????????????????? ????
    Red blood cell, Monocyte,Polymorphonuclear
    leukocyte ( Neutrophil,eosinophil ???Basophil)
    Lymphocyte ??? Megakaryocyte (????????????????????
    ???????????? ) ????????????????????????? ??
    chromatin ?????????????? ??????????????????????
    ???????????? ??????????????????????????
    ??????????????????????????????? 0.5-1 ????????
  • ????????????????Neutrophil???????????????????????
    ???????????????????????? matrureneutrophil
    ??????????????????????????? ????????????? 60-65
    ?????????????????????? lope (?????? 2-5 lope)
    ????????????????????? specific granule ???
    azurophilic granule ??????????phagocyte
    ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????? ?????????????????????????

6
???????????????????????????????? (???)
  • ???????????????? Eosiophil???????????????????????
    ???? granule ??????????????? ????????????
    ????????????? 2-5 ???????????? phagocyte
    ?????????????????? antigen-antibody complex
    ???????? ???????????????????????????
    (Anaphylatichypersensitivity) ???? ???????
    (Parasitic infection) ?????????????????
    eosinophil ???????????????
  • ???????????????? Basophil??????????????
    ??????????? ?? granule ???????????????????
    ????????( neutrophil, eosinophil) granule
    ????????????????? ?? granule??????????????????
    ???? histamine ??? SRS-A ( slow
    reactionsubstance of anaphylacxis) ????????
    receptor ??? IgE ????????????????????????????????
    ????????? ????????????????????????? 1-2

7
???????????????????????????????? (???)
  • ???????????????? Monocyte
  • ??????????????? phagocyte
    ??????????????????????????????? azurophilic
    granule ???????????????? ????????? nucleus ???
    ???? ?????? ??????????????? ?????????
    ????????????????????????? 3-5 ???????????????????
    ?? 5-7 ??? ???????????????????????????????????????
    ??????????????????? macrophage ???????????????????
    lymphocyte ?????????????????????????? monocyte
    ???????????????????????????????????????phagocytosi
    s
  • ???????????????? Macrophage?????????????????????
    ????????? phagocytosis ??? ??????????????????mono
    cyte ???????????? ????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????????? macrophage ???????????
    2 ???????? ??? fixed macrophage ????????????
    ??????????????????????????? wandering macrophage
    ????????????????????? ????????????????????
    ????????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????????????????????????
    ???????? giant cell

8
???????????????????????????????? (???)
  • ???????????????? Mast cell???????????????
    ?????????? ???????????????????? ????
    basophilicgranule ??????????????? basophil
    ????????????????????????????????????
    (??????????????????????) ?? granule ????????
    histamine ???SRS-A ????????????????????
    anaphyactic hypersensitivity ????
  • ???????????????? Lymphocyte???????????????????
    ?? 3 ??????????? ???? ???? ??????????????????????
    ????????????????? nucleus ?????????
    ????????????????? ???????????????? lymphocyte
    ????????????? ???????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????? 20-25 Lymphocyte
    ?????????????? 2 ???????T - lymphocyte
    ???????????????????? cellular immunityB -
    lymphocyte ???????????????????? humoral immunity

9
???????????????????????????????? (???)
  • ???????????????? Lymphoblast???????????????????
    lymphocyte ?????????????? ??????????
    ?????azurophilic granule ?? cytoplasm
    ??????????????? germinalcenter ??? lymphoid
    follicle ?? lymph node ?????????????????????????
  • ???????????????? Plasma cell???????????????
    ????? cytoplasm ???????????? ?? nucleus
    ????????chromatin ???????????????????????????????
    ????????? ??????????????? lymphoid follicle
    ?????????????????????????????? ???? intestinal
    mucosa ??????????????????????????????????????????
    ? ????????????????????????????????
    ???????????????????????????????????? lymphocyte
    ?????????????????????????

10
?????????????????????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  • ???? ?????????/???????
  • IgG - ??????????????????
  • - ????????????????????????????? ????? ??????
    ????????????
  • IgA - ???????????????????????????? ??????????
  • - ??????????????????????????????????????????????
    ????????????? ????????????????
  • ????????????????????
  • IgM - ?????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????????????????????????????????
  • - ???????????????????? lipopolysaccharide
    ??????????????????
  • IgD - ??????????????????? ??????????????????????
    ???????????????
  • IgE - ???????????? ???????????????????????
    ????????????????
  • - ??????????????????????????????????????????????
    ?????????? ?????? 1
  • - ??????????????????????????????????????????????

11
???????????????????
  • ??????????????????????????? (Natural passive
    immunity)
  • ?????????????????????? ????????????
    ?????????????? (Colostrum) ??????????????????????
    ?????
  • ????????????????????????????(Artificial passive
    immunity)
  • ?????????????????? ???? ??????????????

12
??????????????????????????????
  • ??????????????????? (Precipitation)
    ???????????????????????????????
    ????????????????????????????-?????????????????????
    ??
  • ?????????????????? (Agglutination)
    ????????????????????? (????????? ?????
    ????????????) ???????????????????????
    ??????????????????????
  • - ???????????????????????????
  • - ?????????????????????????

13
?????????????????????????????? (???)
  • ???????????????????????? (Complement fixation
    test, CFT)
  • ????????????????????? (Radioimmunoassay)
  • ???????-????? ?????????????? (Enzyme-linked
    immunosorbent assay, ELISA)
  • ???????????????????? (Immunofluorescence)
  • ?????????????? (Neutralization)

14
?????????? (Allergy didease)
  • ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
    ????????????
  • ?????????????????????????????????

15
?????????????????
  • ????????????????? ???????????????
  • ???????????????????
  • ????????????????????????????
  • ?????????????????????

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