Chapter%205%20Transactions%20and%20Electronic%20Commerce

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Chapter 5 Transactions and Electronic Commerce

• I. Methods of Data Capture (P.164-P.170)
• Point of sale (POS)
• Process control
• Electronic data interchange (EDI)
• Web data applications

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• 1. Point of sale (POS)
• Capture data at the point of sale (the sales
  register is a computer terminal connected to a
  central computer).
• Keyboard (gas station)
• Bar code scanner (supermarket)
• Optical character recognition (OCR) reads
  handwritten zip code
• Magnetic ink character recognition (MICR) - more
  accurate than OCR
• Error detection, computations and immediate
  update
• Avoid - rekey data, lost data, duplicate data,
  inaccuracies, long time, fail to identify error.

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• 2. Process control
• Manufacturing machines are connected to computers
  or have built-in computers.
• Monitor production levels.
• Monitor quality.
• Monitor machine uptime or downtime.
• Problems
• standard for various machines
• an enormous amount of data how to use, how to
  store, how to transmit.

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• 3. Electronic data interchange (EDI) (p.167)
• The direct computer-to-computer exchange between
  two firms of standard business transaction
  documents (invoices, bills, purchase orders,
  etc.) or send documents through a third-party EDI
  provider.
• Cut lead time and improve quality control
• Lock in customers (easier for customers or
  distributors to order)
• Standard and compatibility software and
  hardware, data definitions, format of documents,
  and data conversion.

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• 4. Web Database Applications
• Why do business on the Web?
• Expanded reach
• Corporate image enhancement
• Improved customer service
• Follow-up sales/marketing material
• New product/service delivery channel
• Reduced operating expenses
• Test marketing (new products, new services, new
  market campaigns)

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• Web database applications
• Advertising
• Customer services
• Financial services
• Information collection and search engine
• Job recruitment
• Luxury products
• Real estate
• Virtual shopping malls

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II. E-Commerce (P.170)

• 1. B2C
• Prepurchase Information
• Purchase
• Postpurchase support
• 2. B2B
• Buyers know what products they want
• Buy in bulk
• Make repeat purchase

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III. Data Quality (P.180 - P.183)

• 1. Primary measures of data quality
• Data integrity
• Multitasking and concurrency problems
• Data volume Performance
• Summary measures and details
• Time
• Example of problems P.180 Figure 5.15

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• Data integrity
• It means keeping data accurate and correct.
• Reduce error avoid reentry and build in error
  detection
• Validation avoid missing data, and eliminate
  inconsistency
• Immediate update

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• Multitasking and concurrency problems
• Multitasking OS run more than one jobs at the
  same time
• Concurrency problems in multiuser environment
  different applications modify the same piece of
  data at the same time
• Example. P.182 Figure 5.16 200? 850? or 550?
  Need software to lock out all users except one.

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• Data volume
• Systems slow down
• Difficulty for data integrity
• Storage
• Obsolete data
• Time (deadline, timing)