Engagement in Teaching History

1
Engagement in Teaching History

• Chapter 3

2
Five Types of Historical Thinking

• Chronological thinking
• Historical comprehension
• Historical analysis and interpretation
• Historical research capabilities
• Historical issues-analysis and decision making

3
NAEP

• Government administered test
• Haphazardly done
• Gets lots of hype
• Done every five years

4
HistoricalCritical thinking

• Historical thinking is embedded with content
• Critical thinking lacks sensitivity to time and
  space
• Historical thinking subsumes critical thinking.

5
Frames of reference

• Students ideas based on what they have learned
  in school.
• Also based on what they have learned at home,
  from peers and from the media.

6
Students minds

• Not blank slates
• Not empty vessels

7
Students Minds

• Come with preconceptions regarding
• Nature of history
• teacher

8
Perrys Stages (62)

• Dualism Stage
• Just the facts please
• Teacher knows everything
• Right/wrong
• Early Multiplicity Stage
• Knowledge depends on opinion

9
Perry continued

• Late Multiplicity Stage
• Opinions require evidence for validity
• Contextual Relativism Stage
• All knowledge is contextual

10
Teaching Scaffolds

• Howard Gardner multiple intelligences
• Jerome Bruner spiral curriculum
• Vygotsky zone of proximal development
• Ausubel advanced organizers