NGIS: The Nuts and Bolts

1
NGIS The Nuts and Bolts

• Jerry Butler
• PBS
• Thomas Edwards
• PBS

2
NGIS The Story to Date

• 2000 NGIS Goals Set (Interconnection Committee)
• 2001 Requirements Set (Interconnection Planning
  Group)
• 2002 Initial RFI Issued / Plan Developed
• 2003 NGIS Prototype
• 2004 Long-Term Monitoring Project

3
Funding

• FY2004 - 10M Appropriated
• FY2005 - 40M Appropriated
• FY2006 - 52M OMB Request
• FY2007 - 75M OMB Request (subject to project
  repricing)

4
NGIS Where do we go from Here?

• 2Q 2005 Issue RFP
• Develop NRT file standard
• 3Q 2005 Choose NRT solution
• 4Q 2005 Begin NRT Deployment

5
NGIS Where do we go from Here?

• 1Q 2006 Complete NOC NRT build
• 2Q 2006 Deploy additional DVB RT IRDs
• 4Q 2006 Complete NRT deployment
• Begin new satellite contract
• DCII to DVB transition complete
• 2007 Complete follow-on projects
• P2P, file translation, Data Exchange

6
NGIS RFP

• Wide Ranging Describes entire system
• DVB RT equipment
• Satellite bandwidth
• NRT file transfer
• NRT terrestrial backchannel
• NRT edge devices
• Vendors can respond to part or all

7
The DVB Transition for RT Why?

• DSR-4000s failing End-of-Life
• DVB provides
• Greater flexibility of muxing
• More choices of modulation coding
• Better compatibility with DTV systems
• Multi-vendor standard

8
Slower DCII to DVB RT Changeover

• Analysis shows savings from rapid NRT deployment
• DCII IRDs in field (and at PBS) should last until
  October, 2006
• Most stations already have DVB receivers
• Additional ones will need to be deployed

9
The new, improved, AMC-1 with DVB!

• AMC-1 C-band service moved from DCII to DVB
• Transport bitrate 55 Mbps
• 8 SDs _at_ 4 Mbps (statmuxed)
• 1 HD
• A model for future PBS DVB services

10
DVB Modulation Muxing Model
Encoder
MUX
Encoder
RF Redundancy Switch
Modulator
ASI Smart Switcher
Encoder
Modulator
MUX
Encoder
Spare Encoder
11
NRT Why?

• More reliable!
• Files delivered 100 correctly
• Automated arrival, registration, and retrieval of
  digital content
• Files and metadata tied directly into traffic
  automation systems

12
NRT Why?

• Less expensive to operate!
• More efficient automated workflows at PBS
  stations
• Easy interface to asset management systems
• Higher order modulation / higher speed satellite
  transmission

13
File-Centric Workflow At PBS
PBS Media Operations Center (MOC Crystal City)
PBS SOC (Springfield)
Producers Distributors
NRT Transfer System
Ingest Tech Eval
Screening
RT Playout Server
Flattening (combining elements, logo, V-chip,
CC, etc. to 8 Mbps)
8 Mbps MPEG2 420
14
NRT Technology

• IP over satellite
• IP packets encapsulated in MPEG-2 TS packets
• Multicast IP
• Each station receives the same data
• File Level FEC
• Some level of protection against loss anywhere in
  file
• Packet Retransmission
• Resending of specific missed packets on
  (terrestrial) request

15
Moving Files to Stations - FEC
Station
PBS
IP Receiver
NRT File Transfer System
NRT Receive System
File
FEC
100 OK
Receiving
FEC
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Moving Files - Retransmission
Station
PBS
IP Receiver
NRT File Transfer System
Retransmit Request
NRT Receive System
File
NGIS WAN (dedicated connection to stations)
FEC
100 OK
Receiving
FEC
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NGIS Terrestrial Connectivity

• Dedicated WAN connection
• Multiple uses
• Missed packet requests
• Management health monitoring
• POTS backup
• Business grade DSL
• Aggregators can use many LECs
• 1 Mbps and up becoming available

18
NRT Parameters

• Transfer vs. storage
• NGIS will deliver 55 TB/yr. unique content
• But shows repeated up to 10 times/yr.
• We cant put 55 TB at the edge (today)
• Some programs will be sent multiple times
• Trade off between times sent and edge storage
• But many fewer times than in today RT
• For instance, no more time zone feeds

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How Much Edge Storage?

• Worst-case Scenario Replicate all existing RT
  feeds using NRT
• 2 TB _at_ edge for send unique file once in month
• Actually 1 TB plus 1 TB safety pad
• 3 TB for send unique file once in 2 months
• 4 TB for send unique file once in 3 months
• Real station schedules much less demanding
• But may become more so with DTV MC

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A Server or a Cache?

• What Edge Device should NGIS deploy?
• NGIS Original Plan 4 SD 1 HD out server
• But what about existing station investments in
  servers, workflows, systems?
• Rapid deployment calls for baseband out
• But still use standards-based files

22
MXF SMPTE Material eXchange Format

• Switzerland solution to interoperation
• MPEG-2 and AES popular w. everyone
• But everyone has different file structure
• Standard wrapper of essence
• Adds structural metadata
• Essence type, aspect ratio, length, etc.
• Adds descriptive metadata
• Series, title, traffic program management info

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MXF AS/PBS

• Application Specification (AS) narrows down MXF
  file requirements
• AS/PBS To be developed 2Q 2005
• Work with key PTV server vendors
• Essence Long GOP MPEG-2 video, AES audio
• Appropriate descriptive metadata scheme
• Reflects PB CORE PODSv4 data

24
P2P

• Not a first phase focus
• But part of the long-term system requirements
• NGIS provides common file format (MXF AS/PBS)
• NGIS provides common toolset for transfer
• Station must provide P2P bandwidth
• Outside of NRT management bandwidth
• Security capacity concerns

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SMPTE S22 Data Exchange WG

• Standardizing data exchange among
• Traffic
• Automation
• Content Delivery Systems (i.e. NRT)
• Elements
• System Interconnection (SOAP)
• Metadata Dictionary
• XML Schemas for specific data exchanges

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S22 Data Exchange Action Targets

• (Unique) Content Identification
• Metadata exchange
• Schedule exchange (including playlist updates)
• Ordering Dubs / Records / Transfers
• As Run exchange
• Data purge requests

27

• New DVB standard
• Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) and BCH coding
• Bitrate gain 30 over DVB for same BW and EIRP
• or same bitrate with 2.5 dB improved margin
• So Close to Shannon Limit, no DVB-S3
• Timing RX ASICs in October, 2005
• Hopefully in time for NGIS NRT
• We already have DVB-S installed base of RT IRDs

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DVB-S2 Better Performance
DVB-S2 16APSK
DVB-DSNG 16QAM
DVB-S2 8PSK
DVB-S2 QPSK
DVB-DSNG 8PSK
DVB QPSK
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Long Term Monitoring Project

• What are the best parameters for NRT?
• Modulation
• Coding
• File-level FEC protection
• Monitoring at Nine Stations
• High-rain zones
• Edge-of-Footprint low elevation EIRP

30
Long Term Monitoring Setup

• Some NGISp stations on Internet VPN
• Other stations sent IP Rx, PC, modem
• Eb/No measured every minute
• Results collected automatically each day
• IRO Carrier on AMC-3 Ku XP 22, 4.5 MHz

31
Long Term Monitoring 16-QAM

• 16-QAM 3/4 modulation
• June, 2004-December, 2004
• 2 million station minutes recorded
• Some stations had big QAM/QPSK C/N disparities
• Amplitude compression in L-band distribution?
• Lost Lock 0.23 of minutes

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16-QAM 3/4 Outage Minutes per Day
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Long Term Monitoring 8-PSK

• 8-PSK 2/3 Modulation
• Starting December, 2004
• 1 million station minutes recorded
• Lost Lock 0.07 of minutes
• 1/3 lock loss of 16-QAM ¾
• Gave better indication for DVB-S2 8PSK
  modulations with rates of 3/4, 5/6, 8/9.

34
8-PSK 2/3 Outage Minutes per Day
35
Potential DVB-S2 8-PSK Code Rates
8-PSK 3/4 DVB-S2
8-PSK 8/9 DVB-S2
8-PSK 5/6 DVB-S2
36
Key Points

• NGIS RFP coming out soon
• NRT deployment begins this year (2005)
• Additional DVB RT IRDs deployed next year (2006)
• Key technologies
• IP-over-satellite for NRT transfer
• DVB DVB-S2
• MXF (esp. wrapping long-GOP 420 MPEG-2)
• SMPTE S22 Data Exchange XML Messaging
• Keep your big dishes!
• The margin helps us all save on satellite XPs

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NGIS The Nuts and Bolts

• Jerry Butler
• PBS
• Thomas Edwards
• PBS

38
DVB-S2 Implementation

• STMicroelectronics
• STB0899 Demodulator ASIC
• Efficient Channel Coding (ECC)
• FPGA eval, ECC3100 RX ASIC, ECC9600 Modulator
• Conexant
• CX24116 Demodulator ASIC
• S2 Modulators Newtec, Radyne ComStream
• S2 IRDs - Tandberg, Scopus