The Process Model of Communication

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The Process Model of Communication
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Background

• 1. Came out of telephone development
• 2. Concerned with efficiency
• 3 Is the message that was sent the same as the
  message received?
• 4. What are the barriers to communication,
  called noise?

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One way street

• 1. Process favours sender
• 2. Sender controls communication
• 3. Jug and mugs theory
• 4. The physical form of the message is more more
  important than its content
• 5. Success depends on efficient transmission

message is
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What is missing from process model?

• 1. Feedback
• 2. Awareness of meanings in message
• 3. Involvement of receiver
• 4. Relevance of culture and context
• 5. Importance of ambiguity in many messages

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Barriers to communication

• Mechanical - stutter, deafness, low voice,
  distance, noise
• Psychological - state of mind affects response
  to message, e.g. After seeing accident or hearing
  bad news
• Semantic technical words, jargon, dialect
  words, foreign language

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Barriers 2

• Organisational not having enough books,
  microphones not working, room too small, class
  too large to teach properly

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Jakobsons model

• addresser also sender
• Context background of culture and situation
• message
• Contact how does communication begin, first
  reactions
• Code ways in which message is conveyed
• addressee also receiver

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Jakobsons 6 functions

• emotive feelings and attitudes of sender
• referential how does this message relate to the
  world
• poetic form and style of message
• phatic establishing a bond, how are you? Youre
  looking good
• metalingual how does the language work?
• conative how does the receiver respond

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Benetton advert

• emotive Benetton sets out to shock
• referential the world is a violent place
• poetic black and bleak, grim faces, Benetton
  is brighter?
• phatic stomach churning, you are caught up in
  drama
• Metalingual We bring the colour back to the
  world
• Conative- the reader is paralysed, but reads and
  is aware of Benetton