PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS: ASSESSMENT

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PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS ASSESSMENT

• A Self-directed Activity

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Criterion Used to DiagnosePsychological Disorders

• Atypical
• Disturbing
• Maladaptive
• Unjustifiable

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OBJECTIVES FOR THIS ACTIVITY

• UNDERSTAND THE METHODS USED BY PSYCHOLOGISTS TO
  ASSESS BEHAVIOR
• UNDERSTAND THE DSM-IV-TR AS AN ASSESSMENT TOOL
• DIAGNOSE SEVERAL CASE STUDIES USING THE DSM-IV-TR
• COMPLETE A WEB QUEST ON ONE SPECIFIC DISORDER
• CREATE A HYPOTHETICAL CASE STUDY

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MAKING A CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS

• A clinical assessment involves a systematic
  evaluation of an individuals various
  psychological, biological, and social factors, as
  well as identifying past and present problems,
  stressors, and other cognitive or behavioral
  symptoms.
• There are three steps involved in making a
• Clinical Diagnosis.

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Step One of a Clinical Diagnosis

• Identify symptoms with
• clinical interviews
• personality tests
• neurological tests

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STEP TWO of a CLINICAL ASSESSMENT Identify
Symptoms
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STEP THREE OF A CLINICAL ASSESMENT

• Classify symptoms using the DSM-IV-TR

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DSM-IV-TR

• The American Psychiatric Associations widely
  used system for classifying psychological
  disorders.

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Why Clinicians Use the DSM-IV-TR

• Using symptoms, mental disorders are diagnosed
• Mental health professionals can communicate with
  patients and other professionals more easily
• Professionals can design appropriate treatment

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DSM-IV CLASSIFICATION

• Axis I
• Axis II
• Axis III
• Axis IV

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Axis I

• Major mental disorders
• Lists symptoms and criteria about the onset,
  severity, and duration of these symptoms for each
  of the disorders

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Some Disorders of Axis I

• Disorders usually first diagnosed in infancy,
  childhood, or adolescence
• Delirium, dementia, amnestic, and other cognitive
  disorders
• Substance related disorders
• Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders
• Mood disorders (also called affective disorder)
• Anxiety disorders
• Somatoform disorders
• Facitious disorders
• Dissociative disorders
• Sexual and gender identity disorders
• Eating disorders
• Sleep disorders
• Impulse control disorders
• Adjustment disorders

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Axis II

• Evidence of personality disorders or mental
  retardation
• Personality disorders involve patterns of
  personality traits that are long-standing,
  maladaptive, and inflexible and involve impaired
  functioning or subjective distress
• Example antisocial personality disorder

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Axis III

• Any medical conditions that might be important in
  understanding the persons mental or behavioral
  problems

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Axis IV

• Any psychosocial and environmental problems that
  may affect the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis
  of mental disorders in Axes I and II

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AXIS V

• Global assessment of Functioning Scale
• Used to rate the overall psychological, social
  and occupational functioning of the individual on
  a scale from 10 (severe danger of hurting self)
  to 100 (superior functioning in all activities)

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A Sample DSM-IV

• Axis I Major depressive disorder, single
  episode alcohol abuse
• Axis II Dependent personality disorder
• Axis III Alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver
• Axis IV Problems with primary support group
  (death of a spouse)
• Axis V Global assessment of functioning 50

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PHOBIAS
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DIAGNOSING
Now its your turn to diagnose a case. Open the
Case Study labeled Irene from the Web page.
You should also open the Information Sheets (Axes
I, IV, and V) and the Case Study Question Sheet .
Read the case study. You will need to assess for
each of the five axes. Type in your assessment
and answers to the questions on the accompanying
Case Study Question Sheet. Print Question Sheet
and add it to your Portfolio.
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PsychSim Module Interactive CD-ROM
You will now have the opportunity to participate
in an interactive activity designed to give you
practice in diagnosing. The Exploring
Psychology CD-Rom contains six case studies in
the PsychSim Module. You will only be analyzing
the 6 cases for the major category (Axes I) that
each falls into. Follow the directions on the
next slide.
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DIAGNOSING

• Open Exploring Psychology CD-ROM, hit start
  icon
• Select the Chapter Psychological Disorders
• Select PsychSim Modules
• Click Mystery Client, follow directions to
  analyze case studies
• Hint Click on Close to access information
• Answer and print out the accompanying question
  sheets, add to Portfolio

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Selecting a Disorder to Research

• Select a disorder from the following list to
  research
• Using the links provided, investigate the
  disorder for causes, symptoms, and treatment
• Record your information on the Research Disorder
  note sheet that can be accessed on the Web Page.
  Print and add to your Portfolio
• Develop a Graphic Organizer using Inspiration,
  Word, Excel, etc to display your information.
  Print and add to your Portfolio

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SELECT A DISORDER

• Posttraumatic stress disorder
• Conversion disorder
• Autism
• Asbergers syndrome
• Agoraphobia
• Amnesia, retrograde/anterograde
• Personality Disorders, select one paranoid,
  narcissistic, borderline, antisocial
• Attention deficit disorder
• (continue on next slide)

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• Sleep disorders
• Somatoform disorder
• Tourettes disorder
• Kleptomania
• Anorexia nervosa

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WEB QUEST
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WEB SITES

• Internet Mental Health at http//www.mentalhealth.
  com
• Mental Health Net at http//mentalhelp.net
• New York Universitys Department of Psychiatry at
  http//www.med.nyu.edu/Psych/public.html
• American Psychological Association at
  http//www.apa.org

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Write a Case Study(Enrichment)

• Use your notes on the causes, symptoms, and
  treatment of your selected disorder
• Write a case study using either the Irene model
  or the PsychSim model
• Print and add to your portfolio