Greenhouse Effect

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Greenhouse Effect Other Temperature Factors
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Temperature Control Targets

• Describe the effects of changing the 5
  temperature controls
• latitude, land water, altitude, geographic
  position, cloud cover albedo

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Temperature Controls

• The earth is always gaining and losing energy at
  the same time.
• The peak intake of energy is at noon, but the
  earth continues to gain more than it loses until
  late afternoon.
• The earth loses the most heat at night (for the
  dark areas)

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Temperature Controls

• 5 Controls of Temperature
• Latitude changes sun angle day length
• 2. Land Water
• land has higher highs lower lows
• water requires more energy to heat it up

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? Forming a sea breeze
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Temperature

• 3. Altitude higher is colder
• The Earth heats the atmosphere
• 4. Geographic position
• Wind direction
• Rain shadow

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Temperature

• 5. Albedo radiation reflected by earths
  surface
• Highly reflective high albedo
• Cloud Cover
• Clouds reflect sun cooler days
• Clouds trap heat warmer nights
• What are some surfaces with high albedos? Low
  albedos?
• What is the albedo of water?

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Radiation Targets

• Arrange the electromagnetic spectrum in order
  from long to short wavelength.
• Define scattering, albedo absorption and
  describe their effects on the earth.

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• The electromagnetic spectrum
• shorter wavelength higher energy and higher
  frequency

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Radiation

• Radiation is classified by wavelength
• Visible Light .4 - .7 µm (ROYGBIV)
• Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet
• Infrared lower energy than red (heat)
• Ultraviolet higher energy than violet
• The earth absorbs visible ultraviolet radiation
  and changes them to infrared.

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Radiation

• Laws of Radiation
• All objects emit radiant energy (radiation)
• Hotter objects radiate more energy than colder
  ones
• Energy from hotter objects has shorter
  wavelengths
• Objects that absorb radiation well will emit
  radiation well (the Earth)
• gases are selective absorbers of radiation

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Radiation scattering, absorption reflection
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Radiation

• Scattering gases dust in the atmosphere
  redirect solar energy
• Absorption light energy increases speed of
  molecules
• Gases only absorb certain wavelengths of
  radiation
• No gases absorb visible light
• Oxygen ozone absorb UV
• CO2 water vapor absorb infrared

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Radiation

• Albedo radiation reflected by earths surface
• Highly reflective high albedo
• Cloud Cover
• Clouds reflect sun cooler days
• Clouds trap heat warmer nights
• What are some surfaces with high albedos? Low
  albedos?

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Radiation Targets

• Explain how the Greenhouse Effect works.

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Radiation

• Greenhouse effect
• Incoming solar radiation is visible light
• Heat emitted from Earth is infrared (long
  wavelength)
• Water Vapor and Carbon Dioxide are greenhouse
  gases (they absorb infrared radiation)
• Water vapor absorbs 5 times more terrestrial
  radiation than all other gases combined
• Potential melting of ice caps

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Radiation

• What is global warming?
• Global warming refers to an average increase in
  the Earth's temperature.
• This can cause changes in climate.

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Radiation

• Can humans affect global warming?
• The Keeling curve.

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Temperature

• Isotherms lines of equal temperature (like
  contour lines)