Overview of the Verification Regime

1
Overview of the Verification Regime

Organisation of American States Sesión Especial
sobre la Consolidación del Régimen Establecido
en el Tratado de Tlatelolco y sobre la
Prohibición Completa de Ensayos Nucleares en el
Mundo 15 March 2007 Washington, D.C. Tibor
Tóth Executive Secretary Preparatory Commission
for the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty
Organization
2
CTBT Signature and Ratification Status 16
January 2007
42939
3
Components of the Verification Regime
4
Data from Remote Station, to Vienna, to State
Signatory
5
International Monitoring System Prospective
321 Stations, 16 Radionuclide Laboratories
6
IMS Stations in IDC Operations at 31 December
2006 193 Stations
7
Events Located by PTS 21 February 2000 to 31
December 2006
166,393 Events 25k/year
With the compliments of the International Data
Centre
8
Pipeline of the International Data Centre
9

• Map showing the 13 IMS seismic stations used in
  the automatic location (SEL1) made available
  within 2 hours

• The event was recorded at IMS stations throughout
  the world
• (SEL1 Standard Event List 1)

10

• Automatic Event Solution in SEL1

11

• Map showing the IDC automatic and reviewed
  locations with their uncertainties

• In red the automatic location (SEL1) with its
  uncertainty ellipse (2,389 sq km)
• In blue the analyst reviewed location (REB) with
  its uncertainty ellipse (880 sq km)
• 1,000 sq km is the maximum area allowed for an
  On-Site Inspection under the Treaty
• These results can be exactly reproduced by
  States Parties using the processing software
  provided by IDC

gt 100km lt
12

• Map of all the events included in the IDC REBs
  since February 2000 around the Korean peninsula

16 Apr 2002 event
9 Oct 2006 event
13
Source of meteorological data utilized in all ATM

• European Meteorological Centre for Medium Range
  Weather Forecasts (ECMWF)
• ECMWF is accepted as the best provider of global
  meteorological data sets
• Number of observations used daily exceeds 6
  million
• These include 29 different types of satellite
  observation

14

• Secure Signatory Accounts as of
• 12 October 2006

Africa Middle East and South Asia Algeria Libya
Nigeria Bangladesh Kyrgyzstan Botswana
Madagascar South Africa Iran (Islamic Republic
of) OmanBurkina Faso Malawi Tunisia Israel Sri
LankaEgypt Mali Uganda Jordan Tajikistan Ethiopi
a Morocco Zambia Kazakhstan Uzbekistan Kenya Namib
ia Zimbabwe Kuwait
Eastern Europe North America and Western
Europe Albania Hungary Austria France SpainArmeni
a Lithuania Belgium Germany Sweden Azerbaijan Pola
nd Canada Greece Switzerland Belarus Romania Cypru
s Iceland Turkey Bulgaria Russian
Federation Denmark Italy UK Czech
Republic Slovakia Finland Netherlands
USA Estonia Slovenia Norway Georgia Ukraine
Latin America and the Caribbean South-East Asia,
the Pacific and the Far East Argentina Honduras Au
stralia New Zealand Thailand Belize
Jamaica China Papua New Guinea Viet
Nam Bolivia Mexico Indonesia Philippines Brazil P
anama Japan Republic of Korea Chile
Paraguay Malaysia Solomon Islands Costa
Rica Peru Ecuador Uruguay El Salvador Venezuela Gu
atemala
TOTAL 93 States with 780 Users (Principal Users
- 504, Regular Users - 200 and Station Operators
- 76)
15
Tsunami Warning Centres Data SupplyingExperimenta
l mode via IDC
Japan 19 Seismic Stations 1 Hydroacoustic
Hawaii 6 Seismic Stations
Seismic Auxiliary 3-comp Station
Seismic Primary Array Seismic Primary 3-comp
Station
Infrasound Station Tsunami Warning Centre
Hydroacoustic (hydrophone) Station
16
Civil and Scientific Applications of CTBT
Verification Technologies
Potential civil and scientific applications were
identified and examined during four scientific
experts discussions held in 2002 (London, UK),
2003 (Sopron, Hungary), 2004 (Berlin, Germany),
2006 (Budapest, Hungary)
Seismic - Research on earthquake/volcanic
eruption prediction - Studies on the structure
of the earth Hydroacoustic - Location of
underwater volcanic events - Monitoring of sea
temperature and signs of global warming
Infrasound - Detection
of volcanic eruptions (possible effects on
aviation) - Oceanic swell research -
Atmospheric and meteorological studies -
Detection of meteor impacts in the atmosphere

• Radionuclide - Radiation monitoring on possible
  radioactive releases
• Studies on natural radioactivity
• - Atmospheric monitoring and biological research

17
Pipeline of the International Data Centre
18
CTBT Signature and Ratification Status 16
January 2007
42939